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[[File: Asshai_RENÉ_AIGNER.png|Asshai by the Shadow - © René Aigner |thumb|400px|right]]
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[[File:Asshai_RENÉ_AIGNER.png|thumb|400px|right|Asshai by the Shadow, by René Aigner ©]]
'''Asshai''' is a mysterious port city in the far southeast of the known part of [[Essos]], where the [[Ash (river)|Ash river]] meets the [[Jade Sea]] at its eastern exit, the [[Saffron Straits]].{{ref|TLOIAF}} Asshai is on the southernmost edge of a mountainous peninsula known as the [[Shadow Lands]], thus the city is often called '''Asshai by the Shadow'''{{Ref|aGoT|72}}{{ref|ADWD|1}}{{ref|TMK}} or '''Asshai-by-the-Shadow'''.{{ref|TWOIAF| The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow}} To go to Asshai can be described as to "pass beneath the shadow",{{ref|ACOK|40}} and the area of the Shadow Lands and Asshai are sometimes referred to simply as '''the Shadow'''.
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'''Asshai''' is a mysterious port city in the far southeast of the known part of [[Essos]], where the [[Ash (river)|Ash river]] meets the [[Jade Sea]] at its eastern exit, the [[Saffron Straits]].{{ref|TLOIAF|The Known World}} Asshai is on the southernmost edge of a mountainous peninsula known as the [[Shadow Lands]], thus the city is often called '''Asshai by the Shadow'''{{Ref|AGOT|72}}{{ref|ADWD|1}}{{ref|TMK}} or '''Asshai-by-the-Shadow'''.{{ref|TWOIAF|The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow}} To go to Asshai can be described as to "pass beneath the shadow",{{ref|ACOK|40}} and the area of the Shadow Lands and Asshai are sometimes referred to simply as '''the Shadow'''.
 
 
In the Chinese translation, "Asshai" is spelled 亚夏, "Yà Xià", which means "Asian Summer".
 
  
 
==City==
 
==City==
 
===Layout===
 
===Layout===
Asshai sprawls for leagues across both sides of the [[Ash (river)|Ash]], and its great walls allegedly could contain [[Volantis]], [[Qarth]], [[King's Landing]], and [[Oldtown]] combined. The population of Asshai, however, is no more than that of a good-sized market town. By night only one building in ten shows a light.{{ref|TWOIAF| Asshai-by-the-Shadow}}
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Asshai sprawls for leagues across both sides of the [[Ash (river)|Ash]], and its great walls allegedly could contain [[Volantis]], [[Qarth]], [[King's Landing]], and [[Oldtown]] combined. The population of Asshai, however, is no more than that of a good-sized market town. By night only one building in ten shows a light.{{ref|TWOIAF|The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow}}
  
The buildings, streets, and walls of Asshai are made out of black stone that seems to drink the light making the city appear to be a dark and gloomy place. Structures include bazaars, halls, hovels, palaces, and temples.{{ref|TWOIAF| Asshai-by-the-Shadow}}
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The buildings, streets, and walls of Asshai are made out of [[black stone]] that is greasy to the touch and seems to drink the light, making the city appear to be a dark and gloomy place. Structures include bazaars, halls, hovels, palaces, and temples.{{ref|TWOIAF|The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow}}
  
 
===Trade===
 
===Trade===
Asshai is a popular trading destination for ships, part of the traders' circle in the [[Jade Sea]], however not nearly as important as [[Yi Ti]].<ref>[[Not a Blog]]: [https://grrm.livejournal.com/297016.html?thread=16808248#t16808248/ Maps! Maps!! Maps!!! (1 november 2015)]</ref> It exports goods such as amber and [[dragonglass]].{{ref|ACOK|40}} Gold and gems are also common exports, though some say the gold of the [[Shadow Lands]] is as unhealthy as the fruits that grow there.{{ref|TWOIAF| Asshai-by-the-Shadow}} The city is usually traveled to by ship, but it can also be reached overland by caravans.{{ref|AGOT|36}}
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Asshai is a popular trading destination for ships.{{ref|TWOIAF|The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow}} According to a semi-canon source, it is not as important to traders as [[Yi Ti]] and [[Leng]], which are more easily reached from [[Qarth]].<ref>[[Not a Blog]]: [https://grrm.livejournal.com/297016.html?thread=16808248#t16808248/ Maps! Maps!! Maps!!!], November 1, 2012</ref> Asshai exports goods such as [[amber]] and [[dragonglass]].{{ref|ACOK|40}} [[Gold]] and gems are also common exports, though some say the gold of the [[Shadow Lands]] is as unhealthy as the fruits that grow there.{{ref|TWOIAF|The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow}} The city is usually traveled to by ship, but it can also be reached overland by caravans.{{ref|AGOT|36}}
  
Trading ships from [[Westeros]] and the [[Free Cities]] bound for Asshai go east through the [[Summer Sea]] and the [[Jade Sea]], which are connected by the straits at [[Qarth]], the [[Jade Gates]].<ref>[[So Spake Martin]]: [http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/1122/ Trade with Asshai]</ref> Caravans from Asshai traverse the [[Bone Mountains]] to reach [[Vaes Dothrak]].{{ref|AGOT|36}}
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Trading ships from [[Westeros]] and the [[Free Cities]] bound for Asshai go east through the [[Summer Sea]] and the [[Jade Sea]], which are connected by the straits at Qarth, the [[Jade Gates]].<ref>[[So Spake Martin]]: [http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/1122/ Trade with Asshai], August 27, 2000</ref> Caravans from Asshai traverse the [[Bone Mountains]] to reach [[Vaes Dothrak]].{{ref|AGOT|36}}
  
Aside from traders, few from Westeros visit Asshai and little is known about it. The famous scribe and traveler [[Lomas Longstrider]] never visited Asshai,{{Ref|TWOIAF| Asshai-by-the-Shadow}} though he apparently heard from merchants in Yi Ti who did trade with Asshai that the vast gold of [[Casterly Rock]] was famous even there.{{Ref|TWOIAF| The Westerlands}}
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Aside from traders, few from Westeros visit Asshai and little is known about it. The famous scribe and traveler [[Lomas Longstrider]] never visited Asshai,{{ref|TWOIAF|The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow}} though he apparently heard from merchants in Yi Ti who did trade with Asshai that the vast gold of [[Casterly Rock]] was famous even there.{{Ref|TWOIAF|The Westerlands}}
  
All foodstuff and freshwater is brought in by ship, as animals brought into the city soon die, and the waters of the [[Ash (river)|Ash]] glisten black beneath the noonday sun and glimmer with green phosphorescence by night. The only fish that dwell in its water are blind and deformed, and only fools and [[shadowbinder]]s dare eat their flesh.{{ref|TWOIAF| Asshai-by-the-Shadow}}
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All foodstuff and freshwater is brought in by ship, as animals brought into the city soon die, and the waters of the [[Ash (river)|Ash]] glisten black beneath the noonday sun and glimmer with green phosphorescence by night. The only fish that dwell in its water are blind and deformed, and only fools and [[shadowbinder]]s dare eat their flesh.{{ref|TWOIAF|The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow}}
  
 
===People===
 
===People===
[[File: John_Picacio_Melisandre_of_Asshai.jpg‎ |[[Melisandre]] is from Asshai - © 2012 John Picacio|thumb|300px|right]]
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[[File:John_Picacio_Melisandre_of_Asshai.jpg‎|thumb|300px|right|[[Melisandre]] is from Asshai, by John Picacio ©]]
Asshai and its few people have an ominous reputation in other lands. Asshai'i are described as having a dark and solemn appearance.{{Ref|aGoT|54}} The [[Dothraki]] believe that Asshai'i are "spawn of shadows" and hold them in contempt and fear.{{Ref|ACOK|40}}
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Asshai and its few people have an ominous reputation in other lands. Asshai'i are described as having a dark and solemn appearance.{{Ref|AGOT|54}} The [[Dothraki]] believe that Asshai'i are "spawn of shadows" and hold them in contempt and fear.{{Ref|ACOK|40}}
  
There are no children in Asshai. All who dwell there wear masks or veils, and often walk alone or ride in [[palanquin]]s of ebony and iron, hidden behind dark curtains and carried upon the backs of slaves. Only the [[shadowbinder]]s of Asshai dare to travel upriver, and even they fear to tread before the doors of the [[Stygai]], the corpse city.{{ref|TWOIAF| Asshai-by-the-Shadow}}
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There are no children in Asshai. All who dwell there wear masks or veils, and often walk alone or ride in [[palanquin]]s of [[ebony]] and [[iron]], hidden behind dark curtains and carried upon the backs of slaves. Only the [[shadowbinder]]s of Asshai dare to travel up the [[Ash (river)|Ash]], and even they fear to tread before the doors of the [[Stygai]], the corpse city northeast of Asshai.{{ref|TWOIAF|The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow}}
  
 
===Language===
 
===Language===
The Asshai'i are well versed in [[magic|witchcraft and wizardry]], and have a language of their own, used in their spells. [[Mirri Maz Duur]], who studied in Asshai, sings in a foreign tongue, her voice described as "shrill" and "ululating".{{ref|agot|72}} Furthermore, Melisandre has been noted to pray to [[R'hllor]] "once in the speech of Asshai, once in [[High Valyrian]], and once in the [[Common Tongue]]," as well as sing in the tongue of Asshai.{{ref|acok|12}}
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The Asshai'i are well versed in [[magic|witchcraft and wizardry]], and have a language of their own, used in their spells. [[Mirri Maz Duur]], who studied in Asshai, sings in a foreign tongue, her voice described as "shrill" and "ululating".{{ref|AGOT|72}} Furthermore, Melisandre has been noted to pray to [[R'hllor]] "once in the speech of Asshai, once in [[High Valyrian]], and once in the [[Common Tongue]]," as well as sing in the tongue of Asshai.{{ref|ACOK|10}}
  
 
===Esoteric Knowledge===
 
===Esoteric Knowledge===
Asshai holds a significant amount of arcane knowledge. Of any current location, it is the most likely to have [[dragonlore]].<ref>[[So Spake Martin]]: [http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Category/C91/P180/ Dragon Lore. (May 19, 2000)]</ref> Ancient books of Asshai also record the [[Azor Ahai]] prophecy followed by members of the [[R'hllor]] faith.{{Ref|ACOK|10}}
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Asshai holds a significant amount of arcane knowledge. Of any current location, it is the most likely to have [[dragonlore]].<ref>[[So Spake Martin]]: [https://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/1085 Dragon Lore], May 19, 2000</ref> Ancient books of Asshai also record the [[Azor Ahai]] prophecy followed by members of the [[R'hllor]] faith.{{Ref|ACOK|10}}
  
It is rumored that spellsingers, aeromancers, and [[warlocks]] practice their arts openly in Asshai.{{Ref|aGoT|23}} Asshai is open to all sorts of practitioners of the "higher mysteries", as well as torturers and poisoners, and even worshippers of the [[Black Goat of Qohor|Black Goat]] and [[Bakkalon]] and the [[Lion of Night]]. No practice is forbidden in the city, however depraved.{{ref|TWOIAF| Asshai-by-the-Shadow}}
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It is rumored that spellsingers, [[aeromancer]]s, and [[warlocks]] practice their arts openly in Asshai.{{Ref|AGOT|23}} Asshai is open to all sorts of practitioners of the "higher mysteries" such as [[Godswife|godswives]], [[necromancer]]s, [[night-walker]]s, [[pyromancer]]s, [[bloodmage]]s, as well as inquisitors, torturers and [[poison]]ers, and even worshippers of the [[Black Goat of Qohor|Black Goat]] and [[Bakkalon]] and the [[Lion of Night]]. No practice is forbidden in the city, however depraved.{{ref|TWOIAF|The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow}}
  
 
==History==
 
==History==
The origins of Asshai are lost in history. Even the Asshai'i do not claim to know who built it, stating only a city stood there since the world began and will stand there until it ends.{{ref|TWOIAF| Asshai-by-the-Shadow}} [[Maesters]] find it difficult to discern the truth about legendary Asshai.{{ref|TWOIAF| Ancient History: The Rise of Valyria}}
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The origins of Asshai are lost in history. Even the Asshai'i do not claim to know who built it, stating only a city stood there since the world began and will stand there until it ends.{{ref|TWOIAF|The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow}} [[Maesters]] find it difficult to discern the truth about legendary Asshai.{{ref|TWOIAF|Ancient History: The Rise of Valyria}}
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Texts from Asshai speak of the [[Dawn Age]].{{ref|TWOIAF|Ancient History: The Dawn Age}} Annals from the city tell of [[Azor Ahai]] during the [[Long Night]],{{ref|TWOIAF|Ancient History: The Long Night}} and ancient books claim he will come again.{{ref|ACOK|10}} Texts also claim that [[dragon]]s first appeared in the Shadow.{{ref|TWOIAF|Ancient History: The Rise of Valyria}}
  
Texts from Asshai speak of the [[Dawn Age]].{{ref|TWOIAF| Ancient History: The Dawn Age}} Annals from the city tell of [[Azor Ahai]] during the [[Long Night]],{{ref|TWOIAF| Ancient History: The Long Night}} and ancient books claim he will come again.{{ref|ACOK|10}} Texts also claim that [[dragon]]s first appeared in the Shadow.{{ref|TWOIAF| Ancient History: The Rise of Valyria}}
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Asshai has been a thriving port for centuries.{{ref|TWOIAF|The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow}} Before the [[Century of Blood]], merchants from the [[Kingdom of Sarnor]] traded at Asshai.{{ref|TWOIAF|Beyond the Free Cities: The Grasslands}}
  
Asshai has been a thriving port for centuries.{{ref|TWOIAF| Asshai-by-the-Shadow}} Before the [[Century of Blood]], merchants from the [[Kingdom of Sarnor]] traded at Asshai.{{ref|TWOIAF| Beyond the Free Cities: The Grasslands}}
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[[Jar Han]], one of the sea-green [[god-emperor]]s of [[Yi Ti]], extracted tribute from Asshai during his reign.{{ref|TWOIAF|The Bones and Beyond: Yi Ti}}
  
[[Jar Han]], one of the sea-green [[god-emperor]]s of [[Yi Ti]], extracted tribute from Asshai during his reign.{{ref|TWOIAF| The Bones and Beyond: Yi Ti}}
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On the second of his nine [[great voyages]] on ''[[Sea Snake]]'', [[Corlys Velaryon]] sailed to Asshai, becoming the first [[Westeros]]i to visit the city. Tales claim that Corlys lost his love and half his crew there, and he claimed to have seen the ''[[Sun Chaser]]'' of [[Elissa Farman]] in the harbor of Asshai.{{ref|FAB|The Long Reign - Jaehaerys and Alysanne: Policy, Progeny, and Pain}}
  
King [[Aegon V Targaryen]] commissioned journeys in search of [[dragonlore]] from distant places, including Asshai.{{ref|TWOIAF| The Targaryen Kings: Aegon V}}
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King [[Aegon V Targaryen]] commissioned journeys in search of [[dragonlore]] from distant places, including Asshai.{{ref|TWOIAF|The Targaryen Kings: Aegon V}}
  
 
[[Mirri Maz Duur]] studied in Asshai, learning from a [[moonsinger]] of the [[Jogos Nhai]], a [[Dothraki]] woman, Maester [[Marwyn]],{{ref|AGOT|61}} and a [[bloodmage]] [[Shadow Men|from]] the [[Shadow Lands]].{{ref|AGOT|64}}
 
[[Mirri Maz Duur]] studied in Asshai, learning from a [[moonsinger]] of the [[Jogos Nhai]], a [[Dothraki]] woman, Maester [[Marwyn]],{{ref|AGOT|61}} and a [[bloodmage]] [[Shadow Men|from]] the [[Shadow Lands]].{{ref|AGOT|64}}
  
When a trading cog washed up on the [[Frozen Shore]], a wisewoman of the [[free folk]] found scarlet silk from Asshai in the wreckage. Her granddaughter later used the silk to mend the cloak of [[Mance Rayder]].{{ref|ASOS|7}}
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When a wrecked trading [[ship|cog]] washed up on the [[Frozen Shore]], a woman of the [[free folk]] found scarlet silk from Asshai in the wreckage. [[wisewoman's daughter|Her granddaughter]] later used the silk to mend the cloak of [[Mance Rayder]].{{ref|ASOS|7}}
  
 
==Recent Events==
 
==Recent Events==
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[[Daenerys Targaryen]] is gifted three [[dragon egg]]s by [[Illyrio Mopatis]], reportedly from the [[Shadow Lands]] beyond Asshai.{{ref|agot|11}} In the Eastern Market of [[Vaes Dothrak]], Daenerys spies dark and solemn Asshai'i people, as well as [[Shadow Men]].{{Ref|aGoT|54}} [[Mirri Maz Duur]] tells Daenerys she once studied in Asshai, and there met a [[maester]], [[Marwyn]].{{ref|agot|61}}
 
[[Daenerys Targaryen]] is gifted three [[dragon egg]]s by [[Illyrio Mopatis]], reportedly from the [[Shadow Lands]] beyond Asshai.{{ref|agot|11}} In the Eastern Market of [[Vaes Dothrak]], Daenerys spies dark and solemn Asshai'i people, as well as [[Shadow Men]].{{Ref|aGoT|54}} [[Mirri Maz Duur]] tells Daenerys she once studied in Asshai, and there met a [[maester]], [[Marwyn]].{{ref|agot|61}}
  
Once Ser [[Jorah Mormont]] realizes that Khal [[Drogo]] is going to die he suggests to Daenerys that they leave the [[Dothraki sea]] for Asshai, where they can find a ship to take them back to [[Pentos]].{{ref|agot|64}} Before Drogo's body is burnt on his pyre Jorah begs Daenerys to come east with him. When Daenerys commands her handmaids to bring her dragon eggs to place on Drogo's funeral pyre, Jorah tells her that it would be better to sell them in Asshai. Howeer, in the pyre, the eggs hatch into [[dragon]]s, and Daenerys then walks into the pyre, but both remain unscathed.{{Ref|aGoT|72}}
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Once Ser [[Jorah Mormont]] realizes that Khal [[Drogo]] is going to die he suggests to Daenerys that they leave the [[Dothraki sea]] for Asshai, where they can find a ship to take them back to [[Pentos]].{{ref|AGOT|64}} Before Drogo's body is burnt on his pyre Jorah begs Daenerys to come east with him. When Daenerys commands her handmaids to bring her dragon eggs to place on Drogo's funeral pyre, Jorah tells her that it would be better to sell them in Asshai. However, in the pyre, the eggs hatch into [[dragon]]s, and Daenerys then walks into the pyre, but both remain unscathed.{{Ref|AGOT|72}}
  
[[Bran Stark]] has a vision of many lands, including Asshai, where he sees dragons stirring.{{ref|agot|17}}
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[[Bran Stark]] has a vision of many lands, including Asshai, where he sees dragons stirring.{{ref|AGOT|17}}
  
During Lord [[Tywin Lannister]]'s council meeting, talk eventually turns to [[Stannis Baratheon]]. Among other reports he has received from [[Varys]] of Stannis's activities on [[Dragonstone (island)|Dragonstone]], Tywin mentions that Stannis is bringing [[Melisandre|a shadowbinder]] from Asshai.{{Ref|aGoT|69}}
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During Lord [[Tywin Lannister]]'s council meeting, talk eventually turns to [[Stannis Baratheon]]. Among other reports he has received from [[Varys]] of Stannis's activities on [[Dragonstone (island)|Dragonstone]], Tywin mentions that Stannis is bringing [[Melisandre|a shadowbinder]] from Asshai.{{Ref|AGOT|69}}
  
 
===''A Clash of Kings''===
 
===''A Clash of Kings''===
[[Melisandre]] of Asshai is on Dragonstone to serve Stannis. She has converted Stannis's wife, [[Selyse Florent]], to the faith of R'hllor.{{Ref|aCoK|0}}
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[[Melisandre]] of Asshai is on Dragonstone to serve Stannis. She has converted Stannis's wife, [[Selyse Florent]], to the faith of R'hllor.{{Ref|ACOK|0}}
  
[[Quaithe]] of the Shadow is one of the three representatives from [[Qarth]] who return to [[Vaes Tolorro]] with [[Jhogo]] in search of [[dragon]]s. Later in Qarth, trader captains bring Daenerys amber and [[dragonglass]] from Asshai. Quaithe urges Daenerys to leave the city as soon as possible and to "pass beneath the shadow".{{Ref|aCoK|40}}
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[[Quaithe]] of the Shadow is one of the three representatives from [[Qarth]] who return to [[Vaes Tolorro]] with [[Jhogo]] in search of [[dragon]]s. Later in Qarth, trader captains bring Daenerys amber and [[dragonglass]] from Asshai. Quaithe urges Daenerys to leave the city as soon as possible and to "pass beneath the shadow".{{Ref|ACOK|40}}
  
[[Dontos Hollard]] gifts [[Sansa Stark]] with a hairnet of black amethysts from Asshai.{{Ref|aCoK|65}}
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[[Dontos Hollard]] gifts [[Sansa Stark]] with a hairnet of black [[amethyst]]s from Asshai.{{Ref|ACOK|65}}
  
 
''[[Silence]]'', the ship of [[Euron Greyjoy]], is said to be infamous from Asshai to [[Ibben]].{{ref|ACOK|24}}
 
''[[Silence]]'', the ship of [[Euron Greyjoy]], is said to be infamous from Asshai to [[Ibben]].{{ref|ACOK|24}}
  
 
===''A Storm of Swords''===
 
===''A Storm of Swords''===
[[Mance Rayder]] tells [[Jon Snow]] of his black cloak that had been repaired with scarlet silk from Asshai.{{ref|asos|7}}
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[[Mance Rayder]] tells [[Jon Snow]] of his black cloak that had been repaired with scarlet silk from Asshai.{{ref|ASOS|7}}
  
Quaithe reappears to Daenerys, and again tells her that to touch the light she must pass beneath the shadow.{{ref|asos|27}}
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Quaithe reappears to Daenerys, and again tells her that to touch the light she must pass beneath the shadow.{{ref|ASOS|27}}
  
 
At [[Seagard]] the captain of the ''[[Myraham]]'' tells [[Robb Stark]], [[King in the North]], that he has heard that [[Euron Greyjoy]] has been to Asshai and back.{{ref|ASOS|45}}
 
At [[Seagard]] the captain of the ''[[Myraham]]'' tells [[Robb Stark]], [[King in the North]], that he has heard that [[Euron Greyjoy]] has been to Asshai and back.{{ref|ASOS|45}}
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Sailors at [[Oldtown]] tell conflicting stories of dragons being seen in [[Essos]], including Asshai.{{ref|AFFC|Prologue}}
 
Sailors at [[Oldtown]] tell conflicting stories of dragons being seen in [[Essos]], including Asshai.{{ref|AFFC|Prologue}}
  
[[Euron Greyjoy]] boasts of his travels to Asshai during the [[kingsmoot]].{{ref|affc|19}}
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[[Euron Greyjoy]] boasts of his travels to Asshai during the [[kingsmoot]].{{ref|AFFC|19}}
  
 
===''A Dance with Dragons''===
 
===''A Dance with Dragons''===
In [[Illyrio's manse]] in [[Pentos]], [[Tyrion Lannister]] finds wines from Asshai in his stock.{{ref|adwd|1}} Illyrio later assures Tyrion that the ship that delivered him to Pentos is on her way to Asshai. It will be two years before she returns, if the seas are kind.{{ref|adwd|5}}
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In [[Illyrio's manse]] in [[Pentos]], [[Tyrion Lannister]] finds wines from Asshai in his stock.{{ref|ADWD|1}} Illyrio later assures Tyrion that the ship that delivered him to Pentos is on her way to Asshai. It will be two years before she returns, if the seas are kind.{{ref|ADWD|5}}
  
Prince [[Quentyn Martell]] notes that there are masked shadowbinders from Asshai at the [[Merchant's House]] in [[Volantis]].{{ref|adwd|6}}  
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Prince [[Quentyn Martell]] notes that there are masked shadowbinders from Asshai at the [[Merchant's House]] in [[Volantis]].{{ref|ADWD|6}}  
  
In [[Meereen]], [[Xaro Xhoan Daxos]] informs Daenerys that when she [[Targaryen campaign in Slaver's Bay|smashed the slave trade]], the blow was felt from [[Westeros]] to Asshai.{{ref|adwd|23}} Quaithe appears to Daenerys twice, once in a dream, and again reminds her she must pass beneath the shadow.{{ref|adwd|11}}{{ref|adwd|71}}
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In [[Meereen]], [[Xaro Xhoan Daxos]] informs Daenerys that when she [[Targaryen campaign in Slaver's Bay|smashed the slave trade]], the blow was felt from [[Westeros]] to Asshai.{{ref|ADWD|23}} Quaithe appears to Daenerys twice, once in a dream, and again reminds her she must pass beneath the shadow.{{ref|ADWD|11}}{{ref|ADWD|71}}
  
At the [[Wall]], Melisandre notes that she is stronger there than even in Asshai.{{ref|adwd|31}}
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At the [[Wall]], Melisandre notes that she is stronger there than even in Asshai.{{ref|ADWD|31}}
  
 
==Quotes==
 
==Quotes==
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{{Quote|The dark city by the [[Shadow Lands|Shadow]] is a city steeped in [[sorcery]]. [[Warlock]]s, [[wizard]]s, alchemists, [[moonsingers]], [[red priest]]s, black alchemists, [[necromancers]], [[aeromancer]]s, pyromancers, [[bloodmage]]s, torturers, inquisitors, [[poison]]ers, [[godswife|godswives]], night-walkers, [[shapechanger]]s, worshippers of the [[Black Goat]] and the [[Bakkalon|Pale Child]] and the [[Lion of Night]], all find welcome in Asshai-by-the-Shadow, where nothing is forbidden. Here they are free to practice their spells without restraint or censure, conduct their obscene rites, and fornicate with [[demon]]s if that is their desire.{{ref|TWOIAF|The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow}}|[[Yandel]] in ''[[The World of Ice and Fire (Yandel)|The World of Ice & Fire]]''}}
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{{quote|'''Daenerys''': Go? Where should we go?<br>
 
{{quote|'''Daenerys''': Go? Where should we go?<br>
 
'''Jorah''': Asshai, I would say. It lies far to the south, at the end of the [[known world]], yet men say it is a great port.{{ref|AGOT|64}}|[[Daenerys Targaryen]] and [[Jorah Mormont]]}}
 
'''Jorah''': Asshai, I would say. It lies far to the south, at the end of the [[known world]], yet men say it is a great port.{{ref|AGOT|64}}|[[Daenerys Targaryen]] and [[Jorah Mormont]]}}
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'''Quaithe''': Truth.{{ref|ACOK|40}}|[[Daenerys Targaryen]] and [[Quaithe]]}}
 
'''Quaithe''': Truth.{{ref|ACOK|40}}|[[Daenerys Targaryen]] and [[Quaithe]]}}
  
{{quote|Godless? Why, Aeron, I am the godliest man ever to raise sail! You serve one god, Damphair, but I have served ten thousand. From [[Ib]] to Asshai, when men see my sails, they pray.{{ref|AFFC|18}}|[[Euron Greyjoy]] to [[Aeron Greyjoy]]}}
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{{quote|Godless? Why, Aeron, I am the godliest man ever to raise sail! You serve [[Drowned God|one god]], Damphair, but I have served ten thousand. From [[Ib]] to Asshai, when men see [[Silence|my sails]], they pray.{{ref|AFFC|18}}|[[Euron Greyjoy]] to [[Aeron Greyjoy]]}}
  
 
{{quote|'''Euron''': Only one living [[House Greyjoy|kraken]] has never known defeat. Only one has never bent his knee. Only one has sailed to Asshai by the Shadow, and seen wonders and terrors beyond imagining ...<br>
 
{{quote|'''Euron''': Only one living [[House Greyjoy|kraken]] has never known defeat. Only one has never bent his knee. Only one has sailed to Asshai by the Shadow, and seen wonders and terrors beyond imagining ...<br>
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{{Quote|Crow's Eye, did you leave your wits at Asshai?{{ref|AFFC|19}}|[[Asha Greyjoy]] to [[Euron Greyjoy]]}}
 
{{Quote|Crow's Eye, did you leave your wits at Asshai?{{ref|AFFC|19}}|[[Asha Greyjoy]] to [[Euron Greyjoy]]}}
 
{{Quote|The dark city by the Shadow is a city steeped in sorcery. Warlocks, wizards, alchemists, moonsingers, red priests, black alchemists, necromancers, aeromancers, pyromancers, bloodmages, torturers, inquisitors, poisoners, godswives, night-walkers, shapechangers, worshippers of the Black Goat and the Pale Child and the Lion of Night, all find welcome in Asshai-by-the-Shadow, where nothing is forbidden. Here they are free to practice their spells without restraint or censure, conduct their obscene rites, and fornicate with demons if that is their desire.{{ref|TWOIAF| Asshai-by-the-Shadow}}|[[Maester]] [[Yandel]] in ''[[The World of Ice and Fire (Yandel)|The World of Ice & Fire]]''}}
 
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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Latest revision as of 15:44, 10 January 2024

Asshai by the Shadow, by René Aigner ©

Asshai is a mysterious port city in the far southeast of the known part of Essos, where the Ash river meets the Jade Sea at its eastern exit, the Saffron Straits.[1] Asshai is on the southernmost edge of a mountainous peninsula known as the Shadow Lands, thus the city is often called Asshai by the Shadow[2][3][4] or Asshai-by-the-Shadow.[5] To go to Asshai can be described as to "pass beneath the shadow",[6] and the area of the Shadow Lands and Asshai are sometimes referred to simply as the Shadow.

City

Layout

Asshai sprawls for leagues across both sides of the Ash, and its great walls allegedly could contain Volantis, Qarth, King's Landing, and Oldtown combined. The population of Asshai, however, is no more than that of a good-sized market town. By night only one building in ten shows a light.[5]

The buildings, streets, and walls of Asshai are made out of black stone that is greasy to the touch and seems to drink the light, making the city appear to be a dark and gloomy place. Structures include bazaars, halls, hovels, palaces, and temples.[5]

Trade

Asshai is a popular trading destination for ships.[5] According to a semi-canon source, it is not as important to traders as Yi Ti and Leng, which are more easily reached from Qarth.[7] Asshai exports goods such as amber and dragonglass.[6] Gold and gems are also common exports, though some say the gold of the Shadow Lands is as unhealthy as the fruits that grow there.[5] The city is usually traveled to by ship, but it can also be reached overland by caravans.[8]

Trading ships from Westeros and the Free Cities bound for Asshai go east through the Summer Sea and the Jade Sea, which are connected by the straits at Qarth, the Jade Gates.[9] Caravans from Asshai traverse the Bone Mountains to reach Vaes Dothrak.[8]

Aside from traders, few from Westeros visit Asshai and little is known about it. The famous scribe and traveler Lomas Longstrider never visited Asshai,[5] though he apparently heard from merchants in Yi Ti who did trade with Asshai that the vast gold of Casterly Rock was famous even there.[10]

All foodstuff and freshwater is brought in by ship, as animals brought into the city soon die, and the waters of the Ash glisten black beneath the noonday sun and glimmer with green phosphorescence by night. The only fish that dwell in its water are blind and deformed, and only fools and shadowbinders dare eat their flesh.[5]

People

Melisandre is from Asshai, by John Picacio ©

Asshai and its few people have an ominous reputation in other lands. Asshai'i are described as having a dark and solemn appearance.[11] The Dothraki believe that Asshai'i are "spawn of shadows" and hold them in contempt and fear.[6]

There are no children in Asshai. All who dwell there wear masks or veils, and often walk alone or ride in palanquins of ebony and iron, hidden behind dark curtains and carried upon the backs of slaves. Only the shadowbinders of Asshai dare to travel up the Ash, and even they fear to tread before the doors of the Stygai, the corpse city northeast of Asshai.[5]

Language

The Asshai'i are well versed in witchcraft and wizardry, and have a language of their own, used in their spells. Mirri Maz Duur, who studied in Asshai, sings in a foreign tongue, her voice described as "shrill" and "ululating".[2] Furthermore, Melisandre has been noted to pray to R'hllor "once in the speech of Asshai, once in High Valyrian, and once in the Common Tongue," as well as sing in the tongue of Asshai.[12]

Esoteric Knowledge

Asshai holds a significant amount of arcane knowledge. Of any current location, it is the most likely to have dragonlore.[13] Ancient books of Asshai also record the Azor Ahai prophecy followed by members of the R'hllor faith.[12]

It is rumored that spellsingers, aeromancers, and warlocks practice their arts openly in Asshai.[14] Asshai is open to all sorts of practitioners of the "higher mysteries" such as godswives, necromancers, night-walkers, pyromancers, bloodmages, as well as inquisitors, torturers and poisoners, and even worshippers of the Black Goat and Bakkalon and the Lion of Night. No practice is forbidden in the city, however depraved.[5]

History

The origins of Asshai are lost in history. Even the Asshai'i do not claim to know who built it, stating only a city stood there since the world began and will stand there until it ends.[5] Maesters find it difficult to discern the truth about legendary Asshai.[15]

Texts from Asshai speak of the Dawn Age.[16] Annals from the city tell of Azor Ahai during the Long Night,[17] and ancient books claim he will come again.[12] Texts also claim that dragons first appeared in the Shadow.[15]

Asshai has been a thriving port for centuries.[5] Before the Century of Blood, merchants from the Kingdom of Sarnor traded at Asshai.[18]

Jar Han, one of the sea-green god-emperors of Yi Ti, extracted tribute from Asshai during his reign.[19]

On the second of his nine great voyages on Sea Snake, Corlys Velaryon sailed to Asshai, becoming the first Westerosi to visit the city. Tales claim that Corlys lost his love and half his crew there, and he claimed to have seen the Sun Chaser of Elissa Farman in the harbor of Asshai.[20]

King Aegon V Targaryen commissioned journeys in search of dragonlore from distant places, including Asshai.[21]

Mirri Maz Duur studied in Asshai, learning from a moonsinger of the Jogos Nhai, a Dothraki woman, Maester Marwyn,[22] and a bloodmage from the Shadow Lands.[23]

When a wrecked trading cog washed up on the Frozen Shore, a woman of the free folk found scarlet silk from Asshai in the wreckage. Her granddaughter later used the silk to mend the cloak of Mance Rayder.[24]

Recent Events

A Game of Thrones

Daenerys Targaryen is gifted three dragon eggs by Illyrio Mopatis, reportedly from the Shadow Lands beyond Asshai.[25] In the Eastern Market of Vaes Dothrak, Daenerys spies dark and solemn Asshai'i people, as well as Shadow Men.[11] Mirri Maz Duur tells Daenerys she once studied in Asshai, and there met a maester, Marwyn.[22]

Once Ser Jorah Mormont realizes that Khal Drogo is going to die he suggests to Daenerys that they leave the Dothraki sea for Asshai, where they can find a ship to take them back to Pentos.[23] Before Drogo's body is burnt on his pyre Jorah begs Daenerys to come east with him. When Daenerys commands her handmaids to bring her dragon eggs to place on Drogo's funeral pyre, Jorah tells her that it would be better to sell them in Asshai. However, in the pyre, the eggs hatch into dragons, and Daenerys then walks into the pyre, but both remain unscathed.[2]

Bran Stark has a vision of many lands, including Asshai, where he sees dragons stirring.[26]

During Lord Tywin Lannister's council meeting, talk eventually turns to Stannis Baratheon. Among other reports he has received from Varys of Stannis's activities on Dragonstone, Tywin mentions that Stannis is bringing a shadowbinder from Asshai.[27]

A Clash of Kings

Melisandre of Asshai is on Dragonstone to serve Stannis. She has converted Stannis's wife, Selyse Florent, to the faith of R'hllor.[28]

Quaithe of the Shadow is one of the three representatives from Qarth who return to Vaes Tolorro with Jhogo in search of dragons. Later in Qarth, trader captains bring Daenerys amber and dragonglass from Asshai. Quaithe urges Daenerys to leave the city as soon as possible and to "pass beneath the shadow".[6]

Dontos Hollard gifts Sansa Stark with a hairnet of black amethysts from Asshai.[29]

Silence, the ship of Euron Greyjoy, is said to be infamous from Asshai to Ibben.[30]

A Storm of Swords

Mance Rayder tells Jon Snow of his black cloak that had been repaired with scarlet silk from Asshai.[24]

Quaithe reappears to Daenerys, and again tells her that to touch the light she must pass beneath the shadow.[31]

At Seagard the captain of the Myraham tells Robb Stark, King in the North, that he has heard that Euron Greyjoy has been to Asshai and back.[32]

The amethysts in Sansa's hairnet are revealed to be the strangler, and the poison is used to assassinate King Joffrey I Baratheon at his royal wedding.[33][34]

A Feast for Crows

Sailors at Oldtown tell conflicting stories of dragons being seen in Essos, including Asshai.[35]

Euron Greyjoy boasts of his travels to Asshai during the kingsmoot.[36]

A Dance with Dragons

In Illyrio's manse in Pentos, Tyrion Lannister finds wines from Asshai in his stock.[3] Illyrio later assures Tyrion that the ship that delivered him to Pentos is on her way to Asshai. It will be two years before she returns, if the seas are kind.[37]

Prince Quentyn Martell notes that there are masked shadowbinders from Asshai at the Merchant's House in Volantis.[38]

In Meereen, Xaro Xhoan Daxos informs Daenerys that when she smashed the slave trade, the blow was felt from Westeros to Asshai.[39] Quaithe appears to Daenerys twice, once in a dream, and again reminds her she must pass beneath the shadow.[40][41]

At the Wall, Melisandre notes that she is stronger there than even in Asshai.[42]

Quotes

The dark city by the Shadow is a city steeped in sorcery. Warlocks, wizards, alchemists, moonsingers, red priests, black alchemists, necromancers, aeromancers, pyromancers, bloodmages, torturers, inquisitors, poisoners, godswives, night-walkers, shapechangers, worshippers of the Black Goat and the Pale Child and the Lion of Night, all find welcome in Asshai-by-the-Shadow, where nothing is forbidden. Here they are free to practice their spells without restraint or censure, conduct their obscene rites, and fornicate with demons if that is their desire.[5]

Daenerys: Go? Where should we go?
Jorah: Asshai, I would say. It lies far to the south, at the end of the known world, yet men say it is a great port.[23]

There is a spell. But it is hard, lady, and dark. Some would say that death is cleaner. I learned the way in Asshai, and paid dear for the lesson.[23]

You need not join the dosh khaleen. Come east with me. Yi Ti, Qarth, the Jade Sea, Asshai by the Shadow. We will see all the wonders yet unseen, and drink what wines the gods see fit to serve us.[2]

To go north, you must journey south, to reach the west you must go east. To go forward you must go back, and to touch the light you must pass beneath the shadow.[6]

Daenerys: What is there in Asshai that I will not find in Qarth?
Quaithe: Truth.[6]

Godless? Why, Aeron, I am the godliest man ever to raise sail! You serve one god, Damphair, but I have served ten thousand. From Ib to Asshai, when men see my sails, they pray.[43]

Euron: Only one living kraken has never known defeat. Only one has never bent his knee. Only one has sailed to Asshai by the Shadow, and seen wonders and terrors beyond imagining ...
Qarl: If you liked the Shadow so well, go back there.[36]

Crow's Eye, did you leave your wits at Asshai?[36]

References

  1. The Lands of Ice and Fire, The Known World.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 A Game of Thrones, Chapter 72, Daenerys X.
  3. 3.0 3.1 A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 1, Tyrion I.
  4. The Mystery Knight.
  5. 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 The World of Ice & Fire, The Bones and Beyond: Asshai-by-the-Shadow.
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 A Clash of Kings, Chapter 40, Daenerys III.
  7. Not a Blog: Maps! Maps!! Maps!!!, November 1, 2012
  8. 8.0 8.1 A Game of Thrones, Chapter 36, Daenerys IV.
  9. So Spake Martin: Trade with Asshai, August 27, 2000
  10. The World of Ice & Fire, The Westerlands.
  11. 11.0 11.1 A Game of Thrones, Chapter 54, Daenerys VI.
  12. 12.0 12.1 12.2 A Clash of Kings, Chapter 10, Davos I.
  13. So Spake Martin: Dragon Lore, May 19, 2000
  14. A Game of Thrones, Chapter 23, Daenerys III.
  15. 15.0 15.1 The World of Ice & Fire, Ancient History: The Rise of Valyria.
  16. The World of Ice & Fire, Ancient History: The Dawn Age.
  17. The World of Ice & Fire, Ancient History: The Long Night.
  18. The World of Ice & Fire, Beyond the Free Cities: The Grasslands.
  19. The World of Ice & Fire, The Bones and Beyond: Yi Ti.
  20. Fire & Blood, The Long Reign - Jaehaerys and Alysanne: Policy, Progeny, and Pain.
  21. The World of Ice & Fire, The Targaryen Kings: Aegon V.
  22. 22.0 22.1 A Game of Thrones, Chapter 61, Daenerys VII.
  23. 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 A Game of Thrones, Chapter 64, Daenerys VIII.
  24. 24.0 24.1 A Storm of Swords, Chapter 7, Jon I.
  25. A Game of Thrones, Chapter 11, Daenerys II.
  26. A Game of Thrones, Chapter 17, Bran III.
  27. A Game of Thrones, Chapter 69, Tyrion IX.
  28. A Clash of Kings, Prologue.
  29. A Clash of Kings, Chapter 65, Sansa VIII.
  30. A Clash of Kings, Chapter 24, Theon II.
  31. A Storm of Swords, Chapter 27, Daenerys III.
  32. A Storm of Swords, Chapter 45, Catelyn V.
  33. A Storm of Swords, Chapter 61, Sansa V.
  34. A Storm of Swords, Chapter 68, Sansa VI.
  35. A Feast for Crows, Prologue.
  36. 36.0 36.1 36.2 A Feast for Crows, Chapter 19, The Drowned Man.
  37. A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 5, Tyrion II.
  38. A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 6, The Merchant's Man.
  39. A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 23, Daenerys IV.
  40. A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 11, Daenerys II.
  41. A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 71, Daenerys X.
  42. A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 31, Melisandre I.
  43. A Feast for Crows, Chapter 18, The Iron Captain.

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