Difference between revisions of "Tourney at Harrenhal"
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[[File:PPRhaegarHarrenhalTourney.jpg|thumb|right|550px|The tourney at Harrenhal as depicted by Paolo Puggioni in ''[[The World of Ice and Fire]]'']] | [[File:PPRhaegarHarrenhalTourney.jpg|thumb|right|550px|The tourney at Harrenhal as depicted by Paolo Puggioni in ''[[The World of Ice and Fire]]'']] | ||
− | The '''tourney at Harrenhal''',{{ref|AGOT|58}} also known as '''Lord Whent's great tournament''',{{ref|TWOIAF| The Year of the False Spring}} was held in {{date|281}}, the [[year of the false spring]],{{ref|ASOS|31}} at [[Harrenhal]] in the [[riverlands]]. It was hosted by Lord [[Walter Whent]] to celebrate the [[name day]] of his maiden daughter.{{ref|TWOIAF| Aerys II}} Spread over ten days, | + | The '''tourney at Harrenhal''',{{ref|AGOT|58}} also known as '''Lord Whent's great tournament''',{{ref|TWOIAF| The Fall of the Dragons: The Year of the False Spring}} was held in {{date|281}}, the [[year of the false spring]],{{ref|ASOS|31}} at [[Harrenhal]] in the [[riverlands]]. It was hosted by Lord [[Walter Whent]] to celebrate the [[name day]] of his maiden daughter.{{ref|TWOIAF| The Targaryen Kings: Aerys II}} Spread over ten days,<ref name=tourneyrules>[[So Spake Martin]]: [http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/Tourney_Rules Tourney Rules (April 29, 1999)]</ref> it was the greatest [[tourney]] of its time. |
==History== | ==History== | ||
===Background=== | ===Background=== | ||
− | The tourney was announced in {{date|280}} by Lord [[Walter Whent]] shortly after he was visited by his brother, Ser [[Oswell Whent]] of the [[Kingsguard]]. The rewards offered by Walter were three times greater than those offered by Lord [[Tywin Lannister]] in the [[ | + | The tourney was announced in {{date|280}} by Lord [[Walter Whent]] shortly after he was visited by his brother, Ser [[Oswell Whent]] of the [[Kingsguard]]. The rewards offered by Walter were three times greater than those offered by Lord [[Tywin Lannister]] in the [[tournament in honor of Viserys's birth|tourney in honor of Prince Viserys's birth]] at [[Lannisport]] in {{date|276}}.{{ref|TWOIAF| The Fall of the Dragons: Year of the False Spring}}<ref group="N">[http://asoiaf.westeros.org/index.php?/topic/120966-errors-in-the-woiaf/&do=findComment&comment=7290167 Erroneously stated] to have been the "Lannisport tourney of {{Date|272}}, hosted by Tywin in celebration of Aerys II's tenth year upon the Iron Throne" in ''[[The World of Ice and Fire]]'', The Fall of the Dragons: The Year of the False Spring.</ref> The lavish prizes offered by Lord Whent brought hundreds of challengers to the tourney.{{ref|ASOS|42}} Walter also wanted to present his massive castle and his fine sons.{{ref|ASOS|31}} |
− | While most believed [[House Whent]] | + | While most believed [[House Whent]] was displaying their wealth and splendor, some believed the Whents lacked the funding for the prizes and were instead supported by a "shadow host"; Maester [[Yandel]] suggests Crown Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]].{{ref|TWOIAF| The Fall of the Dragons: The Year of the False Spring}} King [[Aerys II Targaryen]] attended the tournament only because [[Varys]] warned him that his son Rhaegar arranged the tournament as a pretext to meet with several high lords to discuss removing his father as king in an informal [[Great Council]].{{Ref|aDwD|67}} Many in attendance were shocked by the king's physical decline.{{ref|TWOIAF| The Fall of the Dragons: The Year of the False Spring}} |
− | During the tourney's opening ceremonies, | + | During the tourney's opening ceremonies, fifteen-year-old Ser [[Jaime Lannister]] was admitted into the order of the [[Kingsguard]]. Although Jaime wanted to compete in the tourney the next day, King Aerys commanded him to return to [[King's Landing]] that night to guard Queen [[Rhaella Targaryen|Rhaella]] and Prince [[Viserys Targaryen|Viserys]].{{ref|ASOS|44}} Also that first night was a great feast within Harrenhal for lords from throughout the realm.{{ref|ASOS|24}} |
===Tourney=== | ===Tourney=== | ||
− | + | The tourney took place over ten days,<ref name=tourneyrules/> of which the competition lasted seven days,{{ref|TWOIAF| The Fall of the Dragons: The Year of the False Spring}} with five days allotted to the joust.{{ref|ASOS|24}} There was a seven-sided melee in the ancient style,<ref name=tourneyrules/>{{ref|ASOS|24}} in which Lord [[Robert I Baratheon|Robert Baratheon]] unhorsed many.{{ref|AGOT|58}} Besides the melee and the joust, the tourney included an archery contest, an axe-throwing contest, a horse race, and a tourney of singers.{{ref|ASOS|24}} There was also a [[mummer]] show.{{ref|ASOS|42}} | |
Lord [[Walter Whent]]'s fair daughter was the [[queen of love and beauty]] when the tourney began. Her honor was defended by her brothers and her uncle, Ser [[Oswell Whent]] of the Kingsguard, but they were all defeated in the tourney.{{ref|ASOS|24}} | Lord [[Walter Whent]]'s fair daughter was the [[queen of love and beauty]] when the tourney began. Her honor was defended by her brothers and her uncle, Ser [[Oswell Whent]] of the Kingsguard, but they were all defeated in the tourney.{{ref|ASOS|24}} | ||
− | A [[mystery knight]], the "[[Knight of the Laughing Tree]]", appeared in the lists to fight for the honour of [[Howland Reed|a crannogman]].{{ref|ASOS|24}} King [[Aerys II Targaryen|Aerys]] sent men to learn the identity of the mystery knight, who appeared and disappeared mid tourney, but they were unsuccessful.{{ref|TWOIAF| The Year of the False Spring}} | + | A [[mystery knight]], the "[[Knight of the Laughing Tree]]", appeared in the lists to fight for the honour of [[Howland Reed|a crannogman]].{{ref|ASOS|24}} King [[Aerys II Targaryen|Aerys]] sent men to learn the identity of the mystery knight, who appeared and disappeared mid tourney, but they were unsuccessful.{{ref|TWOIAF| The Fall of the Dragons: The Year of the False Spring}} |
− | [[Rhaegar Targaryen]] was champion of the joust, defeating four knights of the [[Kingsguard]],{{ref|TWOIAF| The Year of the False Spring}} and in the end he chose [[Lyanna Stark]] as the new queen of love and beauty, placing a crown of [[blue winter rose]]s in her lap. This was scandalous in that, not only was Rhaegar already married to [[Elia Martell|Elia of Dorne]], who was present at the tourney, but Lyanna herself was betrothed to Robert Baratheon.{{ref|AGOT|58}}{{ref|asos|24}} Rhaegar's indiscretion culminated in his abduction of Lyanna a year later, which touched off | + | [[Rhaegar Targaryen]] was champion of the joust, defeating four knights of the [[Kingsguard]],{{ref|TWOIAF| The Fall of the Dragons: The Year of the False Spring}} and in the end he chose [[Lyanna Stark]] as the new queen of love and beauty, placing a crown of [[blue winter rose]]s in her lap. This was scandalous in that, not only was Rhaegar already married to [[Elia Martell|Elia of Dorne]], who was present at the tourney, but Lyanna herself was betrothed to Robert Baratheon.{{ref|AGOT|58}}{{ref|asos|24}} Rhaegar's indiscretion culminated in his abduction of Lyanna a year later, which touched off [[Robert's Rebellion]], which brought an end to [[House Targaryen|Targaryen]] rule. |
===The Joust=== | ===The Joust=== | ||
Line 24: | Line 24: | ||
There were five days of jousting.{{ref|ASOS|24}} | There were five days of jousting.{{ref|ASOS|24}} | ||
− | {{COA|Targaryen|small}}'''Champion''': Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]]. | + | {{COA|House Targaryen|small}}'''Champion''': Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]]. |
− | {{COA|Unknown|small}}{{COA|Whent|small}}Unknown jousters defeated the four sons of Lord [[Walter Whent]] of Harrenhal <br> | + | {{COA|Unknown|small}}{{COA|House Whent|small}}Unknown jousters defeated the four sons of Lord [[Walter Whent]] of Harrenhal <br> |
− | + | [[File:Laughing Tree COA.png|32px]]{{COA|House Haigh|small}}The [[Knight of the Laughing Tree]] defeated a member of [[House Haigh]]<br> | |
− | + | [[File:Laughing Tree COA.png|32px]]{{COA|House Blount|small}}The [[Knight of the Laughing Tree]] defeated a member of [[House Blount]]<br> | |
− | + | [[File:Laughing Tree COA.png|32px]]{{COA|House Frey|small}}The [[Knight of the Laughing Tree]] defeated a member of [[House Frey]]<br> | |
− | {{COA|Targaryen|small}}{{COA|Royce|small}}Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]] defeated Lord [[Yohn Royce]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Targaryen|small}}{{COA|House Royce|small}}Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]] defeated Lord [[Yohn Royce]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Targaryen|small}}{{COA|Stark|small}}Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]] defeated [[Brandon Stark]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Targaryen|small}}{{COA|House Stark|small}}Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]] defeated [[Brandon Stark]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Targaryen|small}}{{COA|Kingsguard|small}}Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]] defeated Ser [[Arthur Dayne]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Targaryen|small}}{{COA|Kingsguard|small}}Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]] defeated Ser [[Arthur Dayne]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Targaryen|small}}{{COA|Kingsguard|small}}Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]] defeated Ser [[Barristan Selmy]] (final tilt) | + | {{COA|House Targaryen|small}}{{COA|Kingsguard|small}}Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]] defeated Ser [[Barristan Selmy]] (final tilt) |
===Known Attendees=== | ===Known Attendees=== | ||
{{Columns|3| | {{Columns|3| | ||
− | {{COA|Arryn|small}} Lord [[Jon Arryn]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Arryn|small}} Lord [[Jon Arryn]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Baratheon|small}} Lord [[Robert I Baratheon|Robert Baratheon]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Baratheon|small}} Lord [[Robert I Baratheon|Robert Baratheon]]<br> |
− | + | {{COA|House Connington|small}} Lord [[Jon Connington]]<br> | |
{{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Ser [[Jonothor Darry]]<br> | {{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Ser [[Jonothor Darry]]<br> | ||
{{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Ser [[Arthur Dayne]]<br> | {{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Ser [[Arthur Dayne]]<br> | ||
− | {{COA|Dayne|small}} Lady [[Ashara Dayne]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Dayne|small}} Lady [[Ashara Dayne]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Lord Commander [[Gerold Hightower]]<br> | + | {{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Lord Commander Ser [[Gerold Hightower]]<br> |
− | + | {{COA|House Hunter|small}} Lord [[Eon Hunter]]<br> | |
{{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Ser [[Jaime Lannister]] (left early)<br> | {{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Ser [[Jaime Lannister]] (left early)<br> | ||
− | {{COA|Lonmouth|small}} Ser [[Richard Lonmouth]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Lonmouth|small}} Ser [[Richard Lonmouth]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Martell|small}} Princess [[Elia Martell]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Martell|small}} Princess [[Elia Martell]]<br> |
{{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Prince [[Lewyn Martell]]<br> | {{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Prince [[Lewyn Martell]]<br> | ||
− | {{COA|Martell|small}} Prince [[Oberyn Martell]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Martell|small}} Prince [[Oberyn Martell]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Reed|small}} Lord [[Howland Reed]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Reed|small}} Lord [[Howland Reed]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Royce|small}} Lord [[Yohn Royce]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Royce|small}} Lord [[Yohn Royce]]<br> |
{{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Ser [[Barristan Selmy]]<br> | {{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Ser [[Barristan Selmy]]<br> | ||
− | {{COA|Stark|small}} [[Benjen Stark]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Stark|small}} [[Benjen Stark]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Stark|small}} [[Brandon Stark]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Stark|small}} [[Brandon Stark]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Stark|small}} [[Eddard Stark]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Stark|small}} [[Eddard Stark]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Stark|small}} [[Lyanna Stark]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Stark|small}} [[Lyanna Stark]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Targaryen|small}} King [[Aerys II Targaryen]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Targaryen|small}} King [[Aerys II Targaryen]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Targaryen|small}} Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Targaryen|small}} Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]]<br> |
− | {{COA|Tyrell|small}} Lord [[Mace Tyrell]]<br> | + | {{COA|House Tyrell|small}} Lord [[Mace Tyrell]]{{fact}}<br> |
{{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Ser [[Oswell Whent]]<br> | {{COA|Kingsguard|small}} Ser [[Oswell Whent]]<br> | ||
− | {{COA|Whent|small}} Lord [[Walter Whent]] | + | {{COA|House Whent|small}} Lord [[Walter Whent]] |
}} | }} | ||
==Recent Events== | ==Recent Events== | ||
===''A Game of Thrones''=== | ===''A Game of Thrones''=== | ||
− | + | Imprisoned in the [[Red Keep]]'s [[black cells]], [[Eddard Stark]] vividly remembers the tourney at [[Harrenhal]], which took place when he was eighteen. He remembers the sights, the smells, and all who attended. He recalls when [[Rhaegar Targaryen]] won the joust and the moment when all the smiles died, as Rhaegar rode past his own wife, [[Elia Martell]], to bestow the queen of beauty’s laurel on [[Lyanna Stark]].{{Ref|aGoT|58}} | |
===''A Storm of Swords''=== | ===''A Storm of Swords''=== | ||
− | Arriving at Harrenhal ''sans'' sword-hand and as a captive of the [[Brave Companions]], [[Jaime Lannister]] observes that many men have recently encamped outside of the castle, beside the lakeshore, where Lord [[Walter Whent]] had staged his greatest tourney in the [[year of the false spring]]. A bitter smile touches Jaime's lips as they cross that torn ground – someone has dug a privy trench in the very same spot were he had once knelt before King [[Aerys II Targaryen]] to say his vows.{{Ref|asos|31 | + | Arriving at Harrenhal ''sans'' sword-hand and as a captive of the [[Brave Companions]], [[Jaime Lannister]] observes that many men have recently encamped outside of the castle, beside the lakeshore, where Lord [[Walter Whent]] had staged his greatest tourney in the [[year of the false spring]]. A bitter smile touches Jaime's lips as they cross that torn ground – someone has dug a privy trench in the very same spot were he had once knelt before King [[Aerys II Targaryen]] to say his vows.{{Ref|asos|31}} |
− | Encamped outside of [[Yunkai]], [[Arstan Whitebeard]] tells Rhaegar's sister, [[Daenerys Targaryen]], about the tourney staged by Lord Whent at Harrenhal beside the [[Gods Eye]].{{Ref|asos|42 | + | Encamped outside of [[Yunkai]], [[Barristan Selmy|Arstan Whitebeard]] tells Rhaegar's sister, [[Daenerys Targaryen]], about the tourney staged by Lord Whent at Harrenhal beside the [[Gods Eye]].{{Ref|asos|42}} [[Meera Reed]] tells [[Bran Stark]] the story of the [[Knight of the Laughing Tree]].{{ref|Asos|24}} |
===''A Dance with Dragons''=== | ===''A Dance with Dragons''=== | ||
Line 77: | Line 77: | ||
==Quotes== | ==Quotes== | ||
− | {{Quote|Yet when the jousting began, the day belonged to [[Rhaegar Targaryen]].{{Ref|aGoT|58 | + | {{Quote|Yet when the jousting began, the day belonged to [[Rhaegar Targaryen]].{{Ref|aGoT|58}}}} - thoughts of [[Eddard Stark]] |
{{Quote|'''Daenerys''': But what tourneys did [[Rhaegar Targaryen|my brother]] win?<br> | {{Quote|'''Daenerys''': But what tourneys did [[Rhaegar Targaryen|my brother]] win?<br> | ||
− | '''Arstan''': Your Grace. He won the greatest tourney of them all ... The greatest lords and mightiest champions of the [[Seven Kingdoms]] rode in that tourney, and the [[Prince of Dragonstone]] bested them all.{{Ref|asos|42 | + | '''Arstan''': Your Grace. He won the greatest tourney of them all ... The greatest lords and mightiest champions of the [[Seven Kingdoms]] rode in that tourney, and the [[Prince of Dragonstone]] bested them all.{{Ref|asos|42}}}} - [[Daenerys Targaryen]] and [[Arstan Whitebeard]] |
+ | ==Notes== | ||
+ | {{Notes}} | ||
− | ==References | + | ==References== |
− | {{references| | + | {{references|2}} |
[[Category:Tourneys|Harrenhal]] | [[Category:Tourneys|Harrenhal]] |
Revision as of 20:21, 15 April 2017
The tourney at Harrenhal,[1] also known as Lord Whent's great tournament,[2] was held in 281 AC, the year of the false spring,[3] at Harrenhal in the riverlands. It was hosted by Lord Walter Whent to celebrate the name day of his maiden daughter.[4] Spread over ten days,[5] it was the greatest tourney of its time.
Contents
History
Background
The tourney was announced in 280 AC by Lord Walter Whent shortly after he was visited by his brother, Ser Oswell Whent of the Kingsguard. The rewards offered by Walter were three times greater than those offered by Lord Tywin Lannister in the tourney in honor of Prince Viserys's birth at Lannisport in 276 AC.[6][N 1] The lavish prizes offered by Lord Whent brought hundreds of challengers to the tourney.[7] Walter also wanted to present his massive castle and his fine sons.[3]
While most believed House Whent was displaying their wealth and splendor, some believed the Whents lacked the funding for the prizes and were instead supported by a "shadow host"; Maester Yandel suggests Crown Prince Rhaegar Targaryen.[2] King Aerys II Targaryen attended the tournament only because Varys warned him that his son Rhaegar arranged the tournament as a pretext to meet with several high lords to discuss removing his father as king in an informal Great Council.[8] Many in attendance were shocked by the king's physical decline.[2]
During the tourney's opening ceremonies, fifteen-year-old Ser Jaime Lannister was admitted into the order of the Kingsguard. Although Jaime wanted to compete in the tourney the next day, King Aerys commanded him to return to King's Landing that night to guard Queen Rhaella and Prince Viserys.[9] Also that first night was a great feast within Harrenhal for lords from throughout the realm.[10]
Tourney
The tourney took place over ten days,[5] of which the competition lasted seven days,[2] with five days allotted to the joust.[10] There was a seven-sided melee in the ancient style,[5][10] in which Lord Robert Baratheon unhorsed many.[1] Besides the melee and the joust, the tourney included an archery contest, an axe-throwing contest, a horse race, and a tourney of singers.[10] There was also a mummer show.[7]
Lord Walter Whent's fair daughter was the queen of love and beauty when the tourney began. Her honor was defended by her brothers and her uncle, Ser Oswell Whent of the Kingsguard, but they were all defeated in the tourney.[10]
A mystery knight, the "Knight of the Laughing Tree", appeared in the lists to fight for the honour of a crannogman.[10] King Aerys sent men to learn the identity of the mystery knight, who appeared and disappeared mid tourney, but they were unsuccessful.[2]
Rhaegar Targaryen was champion of the joust, defeating four knights of the Kingsguard,[2] and in the end he chose Lyanna Stark as the new queen of love and beauty, placing a crown of blue winter roses in her lap. This was scandalous in that, not only was Rhaegar already married to Elia of Dorne, who was present at the tourney, but Lyanna herself was betrothed to Robert Baratheon.[1][10] Rhaegar's indiscretion culminated in his abduction of Lyanna a year later, which touched off Robert's Rebellion, which brought an end to Targaryen rule.
The Joust
There were five days of jousting.[10]
Champion: Prince Rhaegar Targaryen.
Unknown jousters defeated the four sons of Lord Walter Whent of Harrenhal
The Knight of the Laughing Tree defeated a member of House Haigh
The Knight of the Laughing Tree defeated a member of House Blount
The Knight of the Laughing Tree defeated a member of House Frey
Prince Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Lord Yohn Royce
Prince Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Brandon Stark
Prince Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Ser Arthur Dayne
Prince Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Ser Barristan Selmy (final tilt)
Known Attendees
Lord Jon Arryn
Lord Robert Baratheon
Lord Jon Connington
Ser Jonothor Darry
Ser Arthur Dayne
Lady Ashara Dayne
Lord Commander Ser Gerold Hightower
Lord Eon Hunter
Ser Jaime Lannister (left early)
Ser Richard Lonmouth
Princess Elia Martell
Prince Lewyn Martell
Prince Oberyn Martell
Lord Howland Reed
Lord Yohn Royce
Ser Barristan Selmy
Benjen Stark
Brandon Stark
Eddard Stark
Lyanna Stark
King Aerys II Targaryen
Prince Rhaegar Targaryen
Lord Mace Tyrell[citation needed]
Ser Oswell Whent
Lord Walter Whent
Recent Events
A Game of Thrones
Imprisoned in the Red Keep's black cells, Eddard Stark vividly remembers the tourney at Harrenhal, which took place when he was eighteen. He remembers the sights, the smells, and all who attended. He recalls when Rhaegar Targaryen won the joust and the moment when all the smiles died, as Rhaegar rode past his own wife, Elia Martell, to bestow the queen of beauty’s laurel on Lyanna Stark.[1]
A Storm of Swords
Arriving at Harrenhal sans sword-hand and as a captive of the Brave Companions, Jaime Lannister observes that many men have recently encamped outside of the castle, beside the lakeshore, where Lord Walter Whent had staged his greatest tourney in the year of the false spring. A bitter smile touches Jaime's lips as they cross that torn ground – someone has dug a privy trench in the very same spot were he had once knelt before King Aerys II Targaryen to say his vows.[3]
Encamped outside of Yunkai, Arstan Whitebeard tells Rhaegar's sister, Daenerys Targaryen, about the tourney staged by Lord Whent at Harrenhal beside the Gods Eye.[7] Meera Reed tells Bran Stark the story of the Knight of the Laughing Tree.[10]
A Dance with Dragons
In Meereen, alone and melancholic on the terrace of the Great Pyramid, Ser Barristan Selmy remembers Old Lord Whent's tourney at Harrenhal and finds the memory of it still bitter.[8]
Quotes
Yet when the jousting began, the day belonged to Rhaegar Targaryen.[1]
- thoughts of Eddard Stark
Daenerys: But what tourneys did my brother win?
Arstan: Your Grace. He won the greatest tourney of them all ... The greatest lords and mightiest champions of the Seven Kingdoms rode in that tourney, and the Prince of Dragonstone bested them all.[7]
- Daenerys Targaryen and Arstan Whitebeard
Notes
- ↑ Erroneously stated to have been the "Lannisport tourney of 272 AC, hosted by Tywin in celebration of Aerys II's tenth year upon the Iron Throne" in The World of Ice and Fire, The Fall of the Dragons: The Year of the False Spring.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 A Game of Thrones, Chapter 58, Eddard XV.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 The World of Ice & Fire, The Fall of the Dragons: The Year of the False Spring.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 A Storm of Swords, Chapter 31, Jaime IV.
- ↑ The World of Ice & Fire, The Targaryen Kings: Aerys II.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 So Spake Martin: Tourney Rules (April 29, 1999)
- ↑ The World of Ice & Fire, The Fall of the Dragons: Year of the False Spring.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 A Storm of Swords, Chapter 42, Daenerys IV.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 67, The Kingbreaker.
- ↑ A Storm of Swords, Chapter 44, Jaime VI.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 A Storm of Swords, Chapter 24, Bran II.