A Wiki of Ice and Fire - User contributions [en]

Three-eyed crow

2014-10-09T21:01:36Z

Urutapu: Undo revision 143258 by Urutapu (talk)

{{Infobox character
| Character_name = Lord Brynden
| image = [[File:Three-eyed-crow.jpg|250px]]
| image_caption = Last Greenseer by Karen Petrasko
| Alias = Three-Eyed Crow The Last Greenseer Lord Brynden
| Title =
| Allegiance = unknown
| Race =
| Culture =
| Spouse =
| Place_of_Birth =
| Date_of_Birth =
| Place_of_Death =
| Date_of_Death =
| Books = ''[[A Game of Thrones]]'' ''[[A Clash of Kings]]'' ''[[A Storm of Swords]]'' ''[[A Feast for Crows]]'' ''[[A Dance with Dragons]]''
| coat-of-arms =
| Played_by =
| TV_series =
}}

A '''three-eyed crow''' appears to [[Bran Stark]] in dreams. It is known by the [[children of the forest]] as the '''last greenseer'''.{{ref|aDwD|13}} A number of characteristics indicate [[Three-eyed crow/Theories|what it might be]].

==Appearance==
:''See also: [[:Category:Images of Three-eyed Crow|Images of Three-eyed Crow]]''
When [[Bran Stark|Bran]], [[Hodor]], [[Meera Reed|Meera]], and [[Jojen Reed|Jojen]] find the three-eyed crow in his cave, they discover [[Brynden Rivers|Brynden]], a pale, skeletal man in rotted, black clothing in a [[weirwood]] throne of tangled roots. His skin is white, aside from a red blotch on his neck and cheek. Brynden has fine, white hair long enough to reach the earthen floor. He is missing one eye, while the other is red. Weirwood roots surround the the man and grow through his body, including his leg and his empty eye socket. His voice is slow and dry, as if he had forgotten how to speak.{{ref|ADWD|34}}

==Recent Events==
[[File: Close_up_TEC_Marc_Simonetti.jpg‎|The three-eyed crow - by Marc Simonetti ©|thumb|270px|right]]
===''A Game of Thrones''===
When [[Bran Stark]] is in a coma after his fall, a crow appears in his dreams and tells Bran it can teach him to fly. Bran realizes it has three eyes, with the third eye full of a terrible knowledge. The crow guides him out of his coma.{{ref|aGoT|17}} Bran later tells Maester [[Luwin]] of another dream, in which the three-eyed crow goes with the boy to the crypts of [[Winterfell]], where he speaks with his sad father, [[Eddard Stark]]. Bran has the dream before finding out that Eddard has been executed in [[King's Landing]].{{ref|AGOT|66}}

===''A Clash of Kings''===
While bannermen arrive at Winterfell for the [[harvest feast]], Bran dreams of a [[weirwood]] with deep red eyes and a twisted wooden mouth, with the three-eyed crow in its branches.{{ref|ACOK|16}} [[Jojen Reed]] tells Bran that he dreamed of a winged wolf bound in chains, with a three-eyed crow chipping at its stone chains. Jojen reveals the crow has visited him in dreams since he was a child and that it can be found [[beyond the Wall]].{{ref|ACOK|28}}

===''A Storm of Swords''===
Bran and his companions, [[Hodor]], [[Meera Reed|Meera]], and [[Jojen Reed]], decide to travel north beyond the Wall to find the three-eyed crow, whom he still dreams of.{{ref|ASOS|9}}

===''A Dance with Dragons''===
With the assistance of [[Coldhands]], Bran, Hodor, and the Reeds reach the three-eyed crow in a [[cave of the three-eyed crow|cave]] in the [[haunted forest]]. It is not an actual bird, but a man who says he was once a lord called [[Brynden Rivers|Brynden]].{{ref|aDwD|34}} Bran is disappointed that the crow cannot heal his crippled legs, but Brynden promises he will teach Bran how to fly instead.{{ref|ADWD|13}}

Brynden teaches Bran about [[greenseer|greenseeing]] and [[skinchanger|skinchanging]].{{ref|aDwD|34}} He later decides it is time for Bran to take the next step and has [[Leaf]] give Bran a bowl of [[weirwood paste]], made from seeds of weirwood, to eat in order to awaken his greenseer gifts. When Bran sees his father, [[Eddard Stark|Eddard]], through [[Winterfell]]'s heart tree, Brynden tells Bran that he is haunted by his own ghosts, a brother that he loved, a brother that he hated, and a woman that he desired, but he knows from experience that you cannot change the past.{{ref|aDwD|34}}

==Quotes by the three-eyed crow==
{{Quote|The strongest trees are rooted in the dark places of the earth. Darkness will be your cloak, your shield, your mother's milk. Darkness will make you strong.{{Ref|aDwD|34}}}} – the three-eyed crow, to [[Bran Stark]]

==Quotes about the three-eyed crow==
{{Quote|A face took shape within the hearth. [[Stannis Baratheon|Stannis]]? she thought, for just a moment . . . but no, these were not his features. '''A wooden face, corpse white'''. Was this [[Great Other|the enemy]]? A thousand red eyes floated in the rising flames. '''He sees me.''' Beside him, [[Bran Stark|a boy with a wolf's face]] threw back his head and howled.{{Ref|ADWD|31}}}} – [[Melisandre]], looking into the fire in her chambers at [[Castle Black]]

{{quote|Most of him has gone into the tree ... He has lived beyond his mortal span, and yet he lingers. For us, for you, for the realms of men. Only a little strength remains in his flesh. He has a thousand eyes and one, but there is much to watch. One day you will know.{{ref|ADWD|34}}}} – [[Leaf]], to [[Bran Stark]]

==See Also==
:*[[:Three-eyed crow/Theories]]

==References and Notes==
{{references|2}}

[[Category:Terms]]
[[Category:Characters from the North]]
[[Category:Skinchangers]]

[[es:Cuervo de tres ojos]]
[[fa:کلاغ سه چشم]]
[[fr:Corneille à trois yeux]]
[[ru:Трехглазая ворона]]
[[zh:三眼乌鸦]]

Three-eyed crow

2014-10-09T21:00:59Z

Urutapu:

{{Infobox character
| Character_name = Lord Brynden
| image = [[File:Three-eyed-crow.jpg|250px]]
| image_caption = Last Greenseer by Karen Petrasko
| Alias = Three-Eyed Crow The Last Greenseer Lord Brynden
| Title =
| Allegiance = unknown
| Race =
| Culture =
| Spouse =
| Place_of_Birth =
| Date_of_Birth =
| Place_of_Death =
| Date_of_Death =
| Books = ''[[A Game of Thrones]]'' ''[[A Clash of Kings]]'' ''[[A Storm of Swords]]'' ''[[A Feast for Crows]]'' ''[[A Dance with Dragons]]''
| coat-of-arms =
| Played_by =
| TV_series =
}}

A '''three-eyed crow''' appears to [[Bran Stark]] in dreams. It is known by the [[children of the forest]] as the '''last greenseer'''.{{ref|aDwD|13}} A number of characteristics indicate [[Three-eyed crow/Theories|what it might be]].

==Appearance==
:''See also: [[:Category:Images of Three-eyed Crow|Images of Three-eyed Crow]]''
When [[Bran Stark|Bran]], [[Hodor]], [[Meera Reed|Meera]], and [[Jojen Reed|Jojen]] find the three-eyed crow in his cave, they discover [[Brynden Rivers|Brynden]], a pale, skeletal man in rotted, black clothing in a [[weirwood]] throne of tangled roots. His skin is white, aside from a red blotch on his neck and cheek. Brynden has fine, white hair long enough to reach the earthen floor. He is missing one eye, while the other is red. Weirwood roots surround the the man and grow through his body, including his leg and his empty eye socket. His voice is slow and dry, as if he had forgotten how to speak.{{ref|ADWD|34}}

==Recent Events==
[[File: Close_up_TEC_Marc_Simonetti.jpg‎|The three-eyed crow - by Marc Simonetti ©|thumb|270px|right]]
===''A Game of Thrones''===
When [[Bran Stark]] is in a coma after his fall, a crow appears in his dreams and tells Bran it can teach him to fly. Bran realizes it has three eyes, with the third eye full of a terrible knowledge. The crow guides him out of his coma.{{ref|aGoT|17}} Bran later tells Maester [[Luwin]] of another dream, in which the three-eyed crow goes with the boy to the crypts of [[Winterfell]], where he speaks with his sad father, [[Eddard Stark]]. Bran has the dream before finding out that Eddard has been executed in [[King's Landing]].{{ref|AGOT|66}}

===''A Clash of Kings''===
While bannermen arrive at Winterfell for the [[harvest feast]], Bran dreams of a [[weirwood]] with deep red eyes and a twisted wooden mouth, with the three-eyed crow in its branches.{{ref|ACOK|16}} [[Jojen Reed]] tells Bran that he dreamed of a winged wolf bound in chains, with a three-eyed crow chipping at its stone chains. Jojen reveals the crow has visited him in dreams since he was a child and that it can be found [[beyond the Wall]].{{ref|ACOK|28}}

===''A Storm of Swords''===
Bran and his companions, [[Hodor]], [[Meera Reed|Meera]], and [[Jojen Reed]], decide to travel north beyond the Wall to find the three-eyed crow, whom he still dreams of.{{ref|ASOS|9}}

===''A Dance with Dragons''===
With the assistance of [[Coldhands]], Bran, Hodor, and the Reeds reach the three-eyed crow in a [[cave of the three-eyed crow|cave]] in the [[haunted forest]]. It is not an actual bird, but a man who says he was once a lord called [[Brynden Rivers|Brynden]].{{ref|aDwD|34}} Bran is disappointed that the crow cannot heal his crippled legs, but Brynden promises he will teach Bran how to fly instead.{{ref|ADWD|13}}

Brynden teaches Bran about [[greenseer|greenseeing]] and [[skinchanger|skinchanging]].{{ref|aDwD|34}} He later decides it is time for Bran to take the next step and has [[Leaf]] give Bran a bowl of [[weirwood paste]], made from seeds of weirwood, to eat in order to awaken his greenseer gifts. When Bran sees his father, [[Eddard Stark|Eddard]], through [[Winterfell]]'s heart tree, Brynden tells Bran that he is haunted by his own ghosts, a brother that he loved, a brother that he hated, and a woman that he desired, but he knows from experience that you cannot change the past.{{ref|aDwD|34}}

==Quotes by the three-eyed crow==
{{Quote|The strongest trees are rooted in the dark places of the earth. Darkness will be your cloak, your shield, your mother's milk. Darkness will make you strong.{{Ref|aDwD|34}}}} – the three-eyed crow, to [[Bran Stark]]

==Quotes about the three-eyed crow==
{{Quote|A face took shape within the hearth. [[Stannis Baratheon|Stannis]]? she thought, for just a moment . . . but no, these were not his features. ''A wooden face, corpse white''. Was this [[Great Other|the enemy]]? A thousand red eyes floated in the rising flames. ''He sees me.'' Beside him, [[Bran Stark|a boy with a wolf's face]] threw back his head and howled.{{Ref|ADWD|31}}}} – [[Melisandre]], looking into the fire in her chambers at [[Castle Black]]

{{quote|Most of him has gone into the tree ... He has lived beyond his mortal span, and yet he lingers. For us, for you, for the realms of men. Only a little strength remains in his flesh. He has a thousand eyes and one, but there is much to watch. One day you will know.{{ref|ADWD|34}}}} – [[Leaf]], to [[Bran Stark]]

==See Also==
:*[[:Three-eyed crow/Theories]]

==References and Notes==
{{references|2}}

[[Category:Terms]]
[[Category:Characters from the North]]
[[Category:Skinchangers]]

[[es:Cuervo de tres ojos]]
[[fa:کلاغ سه چشم]]
[[fr:Corneille à trois yeux]]
[[ru:Трехглазая ворона]]
[[zh:三眼乌鸦]]

Timeline of major events

2014-09-08T05:50:25Z

Urutapu:

This '''timeline of major events''' attempts to lay out the most important points in the history of [[Westeros]] and [[Essos]], based on dates and information given in the novels and supporting material. See also: a thorough [[Years after Aegon's Conquest|listing of events]] after Aegon's Conquest.

According to tradition, the known history of Westeros extends back over 12,500 years. However, the oldest historic recounts in [[Westeros]] were only written after the [[Andal invasion|Andals' arrival]] to the continent, as the [[First Men]] only used runes for carving on stone. Everything written about the [[Age of Heroes]], the [[Dawn Age]], and [[the Long Night]] originates from stories written down by [[Faith of the Seven|septons]] thousands of years later. The accuracy of the legends and myths that recount much of this history is openly questioned by the [[maesters]] of the Citadel, amongst others.

=Timeline=
All dates are in relation to the Landing of [[Aegon the Conqueror]], using negative numbers for events before [[Aegon's Landing]]. Note, that 'ca' is an abbreviation for the Latin word 'circa', meaning around, or approximately.

==[[Dawn Age]]==
{| class="wikitable"
|width=85px|Prehistory
| '''Before the coming of men''': The lands of [[Westeros]] are inhabited by a mysterious race of diminutive humanoid creatures known as the [[children of the forest]], as well as [[giants]] and other magical [[Bestiary|creatures]].
|-
| ca.-12,000
| '''The [[First Men]] invade Westeros''': A human ethnic group from [[Essos]], the First Men, invades Westeros by crossing the [[Arm of Dorne]], bearing weapons of bronze. In a futile attempt to end the invasion, the children use magic to shatter the land-bridge, creating the island chain known as the [[Stepstones]]. However, the First Men are able to reinforce by ship, leading to generations of warfare over the land.

The First Men are more numerous, larger, stronger, and more technologically advanced than the children, who try to resist the invaders using their magic and obsidian weapons. It proves unsuccessful, however: the First Men gradually push deeper and deeper into Westeros, establishing hundreds of petty kingdoms.
|-
| ca.-10,000
| '''Signing of the [[Pact]]''': After years of warfare, the First Men and children of the forest come to a standstill and finally agree to a peaceful coexistence, signing the Pact on the [[Isle of Faces]]. This pact gives the First Men dominion over the open lands and lets the children keep control over the forested areas. In time, the First Men adopt the worship of the [[old gods|old gods of the forest]].
|}

==[[Age of Heroes]]==
{| class="wikitable"
|width=85px| ca.-10,000
| '''Age of Heroes''': An era during the history of [[Westeros]], which would be named so later for the great men and women who live in the years of peace and prosperity following the forging of the [[Pact]]. The Pact endures for nearly four thousand years, and in that time, the children of the forest and the First Men grow closer. In time, the First Men set aside many of their cultural differences to embrace the ways and customs of the children of the forest. With the exception of the [[Drowned God]] of the [[Iron Islands]] and the [[Lady of the Waves]] and [[Lord of the Skies]] of the [[Three Sisters]], the [[Old Gods|gods of the children]] become those of the First Men.

Many of the noble houses of Westeros today trace their lineage back to the Age of Heroes. This was the time when grand historical figures are said to have lived, such as [[Brandon the Builder]], founder of [[House Stark]]; [[Lann the Clever]], founder of House Lannister, who winkled Casterly Rock from the Casterlys; or [[Garth Greenhand]], founder of House Gardener of the Reach. Also during this era the Storm Kings arise in the stormlands: a line with figures such as the founding [[Durran]], supposed builder of [[Storm's End]]; and the [[Grey King]], first king of the [[Iron Islands]].
|-
| ca.-8,000
|'''[[The Long Night]]''': In this time, night seems to last for a generation, and the longest, coldest and darkest winter descends on Westeros. The ice spreads down from the north, and under the cover of darkness, the [[Others]] invade Westeros from the [[Lands of Always Winter|uttermost north]], marching, killing and raising up the dead to be their [[Wight|servants]] in unlife and nearly destroying all men in Westeros. The Long Night comes to an end with the [[Battle for the Dawn]]. The children and the First Men unite to defeat the Others with [[dragonglass]] weapons, with the [[Night's Watch]] pushing them back into the frozen reaches of the Far North.{{ref|ACOK|21}} Legendary figures from this time include the [[last hero]] and [[Azor Ahai]], who wields a great sword of fire, [[Lightbringer]].<hr>

'''Building of [[the Wall]]''': With the Others defeated, [[Bran the Builder]], with the aid of giants, the First Men, and perhaps the children of the forest, raises the Wall, a monumental fortification of ice and ancient [[magic]], to shelter the realms of men from the menaces of the north. The Sworn Brotherhood of the [[Night's Watch]] guards the Wall. It is said that Bran the Builder also built [[Winterfell]], became the first [[King in the North]], and founded [[House Stark]].<hr>

'''The [[Night's King]]''': Not long after the Wall is complete, the thirteenth [[Lord Commander of the Night's Watch]] breaks his oath. He is seduced by an [[Other]] woman from beyond the Wall, declares himself the Night's King, and rises in rebellion with the Watch as his personal army. During the dark years of his reign, horrific atrocities are committed, of which tales would be told in [[the North]] even after several millennia. The [[House Stark|Starks]] of [[Winterfell]] and the [[King-beyond-the-Wall]], [[Joramun]], join forces to defeat the Night's King and thus restore honor to the Watch. This is the same Joramun who also finds the [[Horn of Winter]], which he is said to use to awaken [[giants]] from the earth.
|}

==[[Andal Invasion]]==
{| class="wikitable"
|width=85px|ca.-6,000
| '''Foundation of the Faith''': In the hills of [[Andalos]] on [[Essos]], a new religion takes shape, called the [[Faith of the Seven]]. Supposedly, the supreme deity of the [[Andals]] appears to them, guiding them into their invasion of [[Westeros]].<hr>

'''The [[Andal Invasion]]''': The [[Andal]]s cross the [[narrow sea]] and make landfall on its eastern shore at the [[Fingers]], on what would one day become the [[Vale of Arryn]]. They come under the banner of the [[Faith of the Seven]], with seven-pointed stars carved into their chests, wielding [[Armament|weapons]] of steel. They fight both the First Men and the children of the forest, sweeping the land much like the First Men did thousands of years before. When the Andals crossed the narrow sea from Essos is disputed; some sources indicate six thousand years ago,<ref>[[A Game of Thrones (game)|A Game of Thrones RPG and Resource Book]], Guardians of Order</ref> the ''[[True History]]'' states it was four thousand years ago, and some [[maesters]] claim it was two thousand years ago.{{ref|ADWD|48}}

For centuries the Andals war with the First Men and the children in an attempt to drive them out. One by one, the six southron kingdoms fall and the [[weirwood]]s are burned. Only the Kingdom of the North remains under the rule of the First Men, in large part due to the strategically located fortress of [[Moat Cailin]] resisting multiple attempts to take it and thereafter serving as the door between North and South. Even though the North remain secure, the children of the forest begin their slow withdrawal from the lands of men, retreating deeper into their forests and [[beyond the Wall|north of the Wall]].
|-
|width=85px|ca.-4,000
| The [[Iron Islands]] fall to the Andals, ending the first line of kings ruling there uncontested for over a thousand years, originating from [[Urron Greyiron]]. Unlike in the other regions, however, Andals are assimilated to the native beliefs of the [[Old Way]] and the [[Drowned God]].
|}

==[[Valyrian Freehold|Age of Valyria]] ==
{| class="wikitable"
|width=85px|ca.-5,000
| '''Rise of the [[Valyrian Freehold]]''': On [[Essos]], the peaceful sheep-herding folk of the [[Valyrian peninsula]] find [[dragon]]s lairing in the [[Fourteen Fires]], an immense chain of volcanoes extending across the neck of the peninsula. The Valyrians tame the dragons with [[magic]], which gives them the means to gain influence over the area. The Valyrian Freehold is established. In its capital, [[Valyria]], magic flourishes, topless towers rise toward the heavens where dragons soar, stone sphinxes gaze down through eyes of garnet, and smiths forge swords of legendary strength and sharpness.<hr>

'''Conquest of Ghiscar''': Five great wars are fought between the [[Ghiscari Empire]], the greatest empire on the eastern peninsula, and the Freehold — wars which Valyria wins with the help of its dragons. After the last war, the Freehold utterly destroys the [[Old Ghis|Ghiscari capital]], slaying its people, destroying the city's walls and streets with dragonflame, and salting and sulphuring the fields. The Ghiscari empire shattered, the Valyrian Freehold expands its influence over the surviving Ghiscari cities of [[Slaver's Bay]].
|-
| ca.-700
| '''The [[Rhoynar migration]]''': With the destruction of Old Ghis, the Freehold's slow westward expansion brings it into conflict with the Rhoynish cities along the great River [[Rhoyne]], a vast waterway. Prince [[Garin (Prince)|Garin the Great]] raises an army a quarter-million strong to oppose the Valyrians, but fails utterly against their dragons.<hr>

Rhoynar evacuation: [[Nymeria]], a Rhoynish warrior-queen, evacuates the survivors of Garin's war, mostly women and children, on ten thousand ships across the [[narrow sea]], seeking refuge in [[Dorne]] in southern Westeros. There, Nymeria forms a marriage alliance with Lord [[Mors Martell]] and together they finally organize the land into one kingdom, establishing [[House Martell]] as the ruling house of Dorne. Mors adopts many Rhoynish [[customs]]. The unification of Dorne under Nymeria and Mors leads to new conflicts with the kingdoms of the Reach and the Stormlands, expressed through raids, skirmishes, and the occasional wars over the centuries.
|-
| ca.-500
| The Valyrian Freehold conquers much of what would be the area of the southern [[Free Cities]]. A religious sect, the [[Moonsingers]], leads many thousand refugees north to a remote lagoon protected by mountains and mists, and there found the Secret City of [[Braavos]]. They later build the [[Titan of Braavos]], a great statue which also serves as a defensive fortification.
|-
| ca.-200
| The Valyrian Freehold annexes a [[Dragonstone|small island]] at the mouth of [[Blackwater Bay]], off the east coast of [[Westeros]]. The [[House Targaryen|Targaryens]], a minor Valyrian noble family, take control of the island, building a castle whose towers are shaped to look like [[dragon]]s, giving it its name: [[Dragonstone]].
|-
| ca.-100
| '''The [[Doom of Valyria]]''': The nature of the Doom is unclear, save that heavy volcanic and seismic activity are involved, likely due to the Fourteen Fires, the mountains where the dragons were first discovered. The Valyrian Peninsula is shattered and the city of Valyria is laid waste, although not completely destroyed. The dragons of Valyria are virtually wiped out and the Valyrian Freehold crumbles apart, its various city-states break apart asserting their independence, surviving to this day as the [[Free Cities]] and the cities of [[Slaver's Bay]].<hr>

[[Braavos]] reveals itself to the other cities, eventually becoming the most powerful of them through its vast fleet and economic power. The cities of [[Slaver's Bay]] become independent again, although Ghiscari power begins building again in the south. The warrior-nomads of the vast [[Dothraki Sea|eastern plains]] become more emboldened by the fall of Valyria, and their dominant tribe, the [[Dothraki]], begins raiding the surrounding lands. The Targaryens remain safe on Dragonstone, the guardians of possibly the last three dragons in the western world.
|}

==The Seven Kingdoms==
{| class="wikitable"
|width=85px| ca.-3000
|Over the centuries following the Andal Invasion, the southern kingdoms of the first men fall, and eventually the Andals raise up six powerful kingdoms of their own.
|-
| ca.-3000
| '''Wildling Invasion''': The [[free folk]] (wildlings) unite under the brother [[King-Beyond-the-Wall|Kings-beyond-the-Wall]], [[Gendel]] and [[Gorne]]. They manage to evade the [[Night's Watch]] and bypass the [[Wall]] in great numbers using a network of tunnels that extend under the Wall. However, they are met by the Stark king on the other side and are eventually thrown back.
|-
| ca. -700
| [[House Stark]] finally subdues [[House Bolton]], their primary antagonists for dominance in the North. Later Karlon Stark would defeat sea raiders from the east and found the cadet branch [[House Karstark]].<hr>
In the West, the Ironborn of the Iron Islands rise to power; at their peak they control most of the western coast from [[Oldtown]] and the [[Arbor]] in the south to [[Bear Island]] in the north.<hr>
The Rhoynar, fleeing the Valyrians, [[Rhoynar migration|migrate to Dorne]]. This is the last major migration into Westeros.
|-
| ca. -350
| The Storm Kings expand their control of the [[Stormlands]] north to include the territory of the [[Riverlands]] up to the Neck. <hr>
Over time the ironborn lose many of their holdings but, some three generations before Aegon's Landing, conquer the territory of the Riverlands from the [[Stormlands]]. An ironborn king, [[Harren Hoare]], builds [[Harrenhal]].
|}

==Targaryen Dynasty==
{| class="wikitable"
|width=85px| [[Years before Aegon's Conquest#Year 2 Before the Conquest|2BC]]-{{Date|1}}
| '''The [[War of Conquest]]''': [[Aegon I Targaryen|Aegon the Conqueror]] invades [[Westeros]] and in two years' time subdues and unites six of the seven kingdoms of Westeros under his banner and constructs a new capital city at [[King's Landing]]. He is unable to conquer Dorne and allows it to remain sovereign. With the destruction of the [[Storm King]], [[Argilac]] the Arrogant, and the death of the last King of the [[Reach]], control of the castle of Storm's End passes to Aegon's bastard half-brother [[Orys Baratheon]], and of [[Highgarden]] to [[Harlen Tyrell]]. [[Edmyn Tully]] of [[Riverrun]] is named Lord of the [[Riverlands]] and [[Vickon Greyjoy]] of [[Pyke]] becomes Lord of the [[Iron Islands]]. The day of Aegon's coronation by the High Septon in Oldtown becomes the first day of Aegon's reign, beginning {{Date|1}}.
|-
| {{Date|37-48}}
| '''The [[Faith Militant uprising]]''': Upon Aegon's death, his son [[Aenys I Targaryen|Aenys I]], born of incest, takes the throne. The [[Faith of the Seven]] rejects his legitimacy to rule and leads a popular uprising against the Targaryens. The weak and indecisive Aenys makes his half-brother [[Maegor I Targaryen|Maegor]] the Hand of the King and gives him authority to deal with the crisis. Maegor's response is ruthless and brutal, resulting in the deaths of thousands in battle, through slaughter and by dragonfire. The slaughter lasts all of Aenys' reign and Maegor's, who succeeds him.
|-
| {{Date|48}}
| '''[[Jaehaerys I Targaryen|Jaehaerys the Conciliator]]''': King Jaehaerys I succeeds King Maegor, who by that time is known as ''Maegor the Cruel''. He declares a truce and agrees to end the slaughter in return for the [[Faith Militant]] disbanding and submitting to the Targaryens, earning the name ''The Conciliator''. Jaehaerys' rule brings decades of peace and prosperity to the realm.

|-
| {{Date|129-131}}
| '''The [[Dance of the Dragons]]''': The first major civil war in the history of the [[Seven Kingdoms]], in {{Date|129-131}}: a war of succession between [[Aegon II Targaryen|Aegon II]] and his half-sister [[Rhaenyra Targaryen]] over their father's throne. It consumes them both, as well as most of the Targaryen family and their remaining dragons. The war ends with [[Aegon III Targaryen|Aegon III]], son of Rhaenyra, being crowned.
|-
| {{Date|131-157}}
| '''Death of the last dragon''': King [[Aegon III|Aegon Targaryen]] struggles to breed healthy dragons - those he does manage to produce are born weak and sickly. He is unable to prevent the death of the last one, earning himself the title 'Dragonbane'. The last dragons leave behind several eggs which the Targaryens fail to hatch. These eggs are later destroyed or lost, leading to what is popularly believed to be the extinction of dragons.
|-
| {{Date|157-161}}
| '''[[Conquest of Dorne|Daeron conquers Dorne]]''': Upon taking the throne at age fourteen, King [[Daeron I Targaryen|Daeron I]] decides to finish Aegon the Conqueror's work and launches a successful invasion of Dorne. Unfortunately, he leaves a [[House Tyrell|Tyrell]] of Highgarden in charge: a house that has warred with the Martells for thousands of years. The tyrannical rule of the Tyrells triggers an uprising against the [[Iron Throne]]. When Daeron I returns with a fresh army, he is killed, his cousin Prince Aemon the Dragonknight is captured and his forty thousand men are lost.
|-
| {{Date|161-171}}
| Reign of King [[Baelor I Targaryen|Baelor the Blessed]], the septon king. Baelor manages to forge a peace treaty with [[Dorne]]. It is said that he made this peace by walking the Boneway barefoot and rescuing his cousin, [[Aemon Targaryen|Aemon the Dragonknight]], from a viper pit. He builds the Great Sept in [[King's Landing]], which is later renamed the [[Great Sept of Baelor]].
Baelor locks his sisters in the Maidenvault of the [[Red Keep]] so the sight of them will not tempt him to carnal thoughts. Despite this, his sister [[Daena Targaryen|Daena the Defiant]] has an affair with her cousin [[Aegon IV Targaryen|Aegon]] (later crowned Aegon IV) and gives birth to a bastard son, [[Daemon Blackfyre]].
|-
| ca.{{Date|170}}
| Prince [[Daeron II Targaryen|Daeron]], second cousin of Baelor I, and Princess [[Myriah Martell]] of Dorne are married and have their first son, Prince [[Baelor Breakspear|Baelor]].
|-
| {{Date|171-172}}
| Reign of King [[Viserys II Targaryen|Viserys II]].
|-
| {{Date|172-184}}
| Reign of King [[Aegon IV]], Aegon the Unworthy, held to be the worst king in the history of Westeros. On his deathbed Aegon IV legitimises all his bastards, including the so-called 'Great Bastards': [[Daemon Blackfyre]], [[Aegor Rivers]], [[Brynden Rivers]] and [[Shiera Seastar]]. He is succeeded by his son, [[Daeron II Targaryen|Daeron II]], but his legitimacy is called into question due to his mother's close relationship with [[Aemon the Dragonknight]].
|-
| {{Date|184-209}}
| Reign of [[Daeron II Targaryen|Daeron II]].
|-
| {{Date|195-196}}
| '''The [[Blackfyre Rebellion]]''': The second major civil war of Westeros erupts after Daemon Blackfyre puts a claim on the Iron Throne based on Daeron II's illegitimacy. With many lords declaring for him, Daemon Blackfyre marches his forces on King's Landing but is defeated in the [[Battle of the Redgrass Field]]. He is killed by his half-brother [[Bloodraven]], yet several of his sons escape to the [[Free Cities]] with [[Bittersteel]].
|-
| {{Date|197}}
| [[Dorne]] formally joins the Seven Kingdoms through the marriage of Daeron II's younger sister [[Daenerys, daughter of Aegon IV|Daenerys]] to Prince [[Maron Martell]].<ref>A Song of Ice and Fire campaign guide</ref>
|-
| {{Date|209}}
| The events of ''[[The Hedge Knight]]'' take place. Prince [[Baelor Targaryen|Baelor 'Breakspear' Targaryen]], the heir to the throne, is killed in a tourney mishap. A few months later, King Daeron II and Baelor's two sons die in [[the Great Spring Sickness]]. Daeron II's second son, [[Aerys I Targaryen|Aerys I]], becomes king. Prince Baelor's nephew Aegon becomes squire to a hedge knight, Ser [[Duncan the Tall]], in the hope of improving his mettle.
|-
| {{Date|209-221}}
| Reign of King [[Aerys I Targaryen|Aerys I]].
|-
| {{Date|211}}
| The events of ''[[The Sworn Sword]]'' take place. [[House Webber]] and [[House Osgrey]] of the Reach become allies. Bloodraven has become the King's Hand by this time, angering Prince [[Maekar I Targaryen|Maekar]], brother to Aerys and the late Baelor.
|-
| {{Date|212}}
| '''The [[Second Blackfyre Rebellion]]''': Blackfyre loyalists attempt to launch a second rebellion, but Bloodraven exposes the plan, captures one of Daemon Blackfyre's sons and executes many of the conspirators before a battle needs to be fought. These events are depicted in ''[[The Mystery Knight]]''.
|-
| {{Date|221-233}}
| Reign of King [[Maekar I Targaryen|Maekar I]]. During Maekar's reign his eldest son [[Daeron I Targaryen|Daeron]] dies of the pox and his second son [[Aerion Targaryen|Aerion]] "Brightflame" dies after drinking [[wildfire]]. His third son, [[Maester Aemon|Aemon]], journeys to [[Oldtown]] to become a [[maesters|maester]]. Maekar dies battling an outlaw king. Aemon refuses the crown and removes himself to the [[Wall]]. Prince Aegon becomes [[Aegon V Targaryen|Aegon V]], the Unlikely, as he is the fourth son of a fourth son. Bloodraven is exiled to the Wall, later becoming Lord Commander.
|-
| {{Date|226}}
| '''Beyond the wall''': The free folk unite under [[Raymun Redbeard]], King-Beyond-the-Wall. Taking the Night's Watch unawares, they scale the [[Wall]] and invade the [[North]]. They are eventually stopped at the [[Battle of Long Lake]] by a Stark host led by Lord [[Willam Stark]].
|-
| {{Date|259}}
| ''The [[Tragedy of Summerhall]]'': King Aegon V and his heir, Prince [[Duncan Targaryen|Duncan]], are killed in a great fire at the Targaryen's summer palace. The fire was triggered by an unsuccessful attempt to hatch the last three dragon eggs left in the west, and it heralded or directly contributed to [[Rhaegar Targaryen]]'s birth.
|-
| {{Date|259-262}}
| Reign of Aegon's second son [[Jaehaerys II Targaryen|Jaehaerys II]].
|-
| Ca. {{Date|259-261}}
| '''The [[War of the Ninepenny Kings]]''': War erupts when the [[Band of Nine]], including [[Maelys Blackfyre]], conquers the Free City of [[Tyrosh]] and the [[Stepstones]] before plotting an attack on the Seven Kingdoms. [[Barristan Selmy]] kills Maelys. [[Brynden Tully]] distinguishes himself in the war.
|-
| {{Date|262-283}}
| Reign of [[Aerys II Targaryen|Aerys II]], the Mad King. He appoints the ruthless young [[Tywin Lannister]] as his Hand.
|-
| {{Date|276}} or {{Date|277}}
| King Aerys spurns Tywin Lannister's offer of his daughter [[Cersei Lannister|Cersei]] for Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen|Rhaegar]]. He would later marry Rhaegar to Princess [[Elia Martell]] of Dorne.
|-
| Ca. {{Date|276}}
| '''The [[Defiance of Duskendale]]''' takes place a while later, when [[House Darklyn]] refuses to pay taxes to the Iron Throne. Aerys, eager to sort out the situation himself, ends up being taken prisoner. Duskendale is besieged for six months before [[Barristan Selmy]] manages to free the king. House Darklyn is destroyed and [[House Rykker]] takes over the town. It is said that it was the Defiance that began Aerys' descent into madness. Aerys doesn't leave the [[Red Keep]] until {{Date|281}} because of this event. Around this time Prince Rhaegar begins corresponding with Maester Aemon and ponders if he is the "[[the prince that was promised]]", who shall be reborn to fight the great darkness when it returns. Later they conclude the prince is actually Rhaegar's baby son, [[Aegon Targaryen|Aegon]].
|}

==Robert's Rebellion==
{| class="wikitable"
|width=85px| {{Date|281}}
| ''The [[Year of False Spring]]'': Lord [[House Whent|Whent]] holds a great [[Tourney at Harrenhal]], where Prince Rhaegar distinguishes himself in battle, but names [[Lyanna Stark]] of [[Winterfell]], who is betrothed to [[Robert Baratheon]], as the [[Queen of Love and Beauty]] rather than his own wife [[Elia Martell|Elia]]. [[Eddard Stark]] meets and befriends [[Howland Reed]] of [[Greywater Watch]].<hr>

The band of outlaws called the [[Kingswood Brotherhood]] is defeated by a royal force commanded by [[Arthur Dayne]]; during that battle a young squire, [[Jaime Lannister]], distinguishes himself and is [[knight]]ed, later becoming a member of the [[Kingsguard]] and discarding his claim as Tywin Lannister's heir. Tywin resigns the Handship in angry protest and returns to [[Casterly Rock]].
|-
| {{Date|282-283}}
| '''[[Robert's Rebellion]]''': Rhaegar Targaryen abducts Lyanna Stark. Lyanna's brother [[Brandon Stark|Brandon]] and father [[Rickard Stark|Rickard]] demand that Aerys discipline his son, but instead the Mad King kills them both. Aerys demands the heads of [[Robert Baratheon]] and [[Eddard Stark]] from their guardian, [[Jon Arryn]]. Instead, [[House Arryn|Houses Arryn]], [[House Stark|Stark]], and [[House Baratheon|Baratheon]] raise the standard of rebellion. Robert claims the throne through his descent from his great-grandfather, [[Aegon V]] and thus Robert's Rebellion, also called the War of the Usurper, begins. [[Hoster Tully]] agrees to join the rebellion as well. The [[House Tyrell|Tyrells]] remain loyal to the king and besiege Robert's castle of [[Storm's End]], held by his brother [[Stannis Baratheon|Stannis]]. The [[Hand of the King]], [[Jon Connington]], is defeated in the [[Battle of the Bells]] and is sent into exile in the [[Free Cities]]. The rebel army defeats the royalists at the [[Battle of the Trident]]. Prince Rhaegar is killed. The [[House Lannister|Lannister]]s apparently march to the aid of King Aerys, but instead turn against him and [[Sack of King's Landing|sack the city]]. King Aerys is killed by Jaime Lannister. Princess Elia Martell and her children, Aegon and [[Rhaenys Targaryen]], are brutally murdered by Lannister bannermen, causing a rift between Eddard Stark and Robert Baratheon. Ned Stark and Howland Reed defeat the Kingsguard guarding the [[Tower of Joy]] holding Lyanna prisoner, only to find her dying. Robert becomes King of the [[Seven Kingdoms]] and marries [[Cersei Lannister]]. Ned returns home to Winterfell with his bastard son, [[Jon Snow]]. Loyal Targaryen retainers spirit away Aerys' two youngest children, Prince [[Viserys Targaryen|Viserys]] and Princess [[Daenerys Targaryen|Daenerys]], to safety in the Free Cities.
|}

==King Robert's Reign==
{| class="wikitable"
|width=85px|{{Date|289}}
| '''The [[Greyjoy Rebellion]]''': [[Balon Greyjoy]] names himself King of the [[Iron Islands]]. He is defeated and two of his sons are killed. King Robert accepts his surrender and Balon's remaining son, [[Theon Greyjoy]], becomes a ward and hostage of [[Eddard Stark]].
|-
| {{Date|297}}
| Magister [[Illyrio Mopatis]] of Pentos invites [[Viserys Targaryen|Viserys]] and [[Daenerys Targaryen]] to stay in his manse and offers to help them reclaim their [[Iron Throne|throne]].
|}

== A Song of Ice and Fire ==
{| class="wikitable"
|width=85px|{{Date|298}}
| The events of ''[[A Song of Ice and Fire]]'' begin. (Only the Prologue of ''A Game of Thrones'' takes place in {{Date|297}})<hr>
In the North, after thousands of years without encounter, the [[Others]] reappear in an attack on rangers from the [[Night's Watch]] and a group of [[Wildlings]].<hr>
The [[Hand of the King]], [[Jon Arryn]], discovers that the heirs to the [[Iron Throne]] are bastards and is killed with poison.<hr>
Following the death of King [[Robert Baratheon]], the [[Seven Kingdoms]] is engulfed in the [[War of the Five Kings]], a central conflict that spans through all five books.<hr>
In [[Essos]], [[Daenerys Targaryen]] hatches three [[dragon]] eggs, bringing dragons back to the world once again.
|-
|{{Date|299}}
| Beyond the Wall: With the disturbing news of a new [[Conflict Beyond the Wall]] brewing, the [[Night's Watch]] leaves in force on a [[the Great Ranging|ranging]] into the far north.
In [[Essos]], [[Daenerys Targaryen]] conquers the great cities of [[Slaver's Bay]], setting their slaves free and throwing the region into chaos.
|-
|{{Date|300}}
| After a decade-long summer and brief autumn, winter finally engulfs [[Westeros]].
|}

==Quotes==
{{quote|Past a certain point, all the dates grow hazy and confused, and the clarity of history becomes the fog of legend.{{ref|ADWD|48}}}} - [[Hoster Blackwood]], to [[Jaime Lannister]]

=References and Notes=
{{References|2}}
{{EnWP|Westeros|small=yes}}

[[Category:History| ]]
[[es:Cronología de eventos importantes]]
[[fa:تاریخ نگار وقایع مهم]]
[[fr:Histoire des Sept Couronnes]]
[[pt:Linha do Tempo dos Principais Eventos]]

281 AC

2014-08-19T23:36:38Z

Urutapu: This is silly

{{Template:Years}}
'''Year 281 After the Conquest''' ('''281AC''') is a year in the [[Years after Aegon's Conquest|Westerosi calendar]], the 281th after [[Aegon I Targaryen|Aegon]]'s crowning in [[Oldtown]] that maesters and educated people use as a reference to date the years.

281AC, which is also known as the '''year of the false spring''', was marked by the [[Tourney at Harrenhal]], which was attended by many highborn in the realm, including King [[Aerys II Targaryen]] and his son, Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]]. The year is also marked by the death of Ser [[Harlan Grandison]], which caused an open spot on the [[Kingsguard]], that was filled up by the admission of newly knighted [[Jaime Lannister]]. When King Aerys II named young Jaime to his Kingsguard, his [[Hand of the King]], Tywin Lannister, quit his job out of anger and returned to [[Casterly Rock]].

==Events==
* The weather becomes warmer, causing people to believe that winter is at an end and spring had begun, while in reality, it had not.
* The [[Kingswood Brotherhood]], which had been harassing highborns around the [[Kingswood]] for some time, was defeated by a force with contained at least five of the seven [[Kingsguard]]s Knights of King [[Aerys II Targaryen]]. Only Ser [[Gerold Hightower]], who had been injured in an earlier involvement with the brotherhood, is known to have been absent. Since Ser [[Harlan Grandison]] was mentioned to have died in his sleep shortly after the Brotherhood had been defeated, it is possible that Grandison had died prior to the battles, and the search for a replacement had been put on hold until the Brotherhood had been defeated.
* Ser [[Barristan Selmy]] rescued Lady [[Jeyne Swann]] and her septa from the [[Kingswood Brotherhood]].
* [[Jaime Lannister]] was knighted by Ser [[Arthur Dayne]], for his performance against the [[Kingswood Brotherhood]], shortly after the Brotherhood had been defeated.
* While staying in [[King's Landing]] on his way from the [[Kingswood]] to Casterly Rock, Cersei Lannister convinces her brother Jaime to accept a place in the [[Kingsguard]]. When he accepts, she makes all the arrangements.
* The [[Tourney at Harrenhal]] was held by Lord Whent, after his brother, Ser [[Oswell Whent]] of the [[Kingsguard]] had paid a visit.
** King Aerys II declared a mystery knight, the [[Knight of the Laughing Tree]], to be an enemy of his, when this mystery knight shows up at the Tourney at Harrenhal. The mystery knight disappears, however, and search parties can't manage to turn the knight up again.
* The vacancy in the [[Kingsguard]] left by the death of Ser [[Harlan Grandison]] is filled by Ser [[Jaime Lannister]], who receives his white cloak at the [[Tourney at Harrenhal]].
* Lord [[Tywin Lannister]] retreats from the office of [[Hand of the King]] and moved back to [[Casterly Rock]]. Lord [[Owen Merryweather]] takes up the office.

==Births==
* [[Olyvar Frey]], son of [[Walder Frey]] and [[Bethany Rosby]].<ref>''See the calculation for: [[Years after Aegon's Conquest/Calculations Ages (Continued2)#Olyvar Frey|Olyvar Frey]]''</ref>
* [[Petyr Frey]], son of [[Ryman Frey]].<ref>''See the calculation for: [[Years after Aegon's Conquest/Calculations Ages (Continued2)#Petyr Frey|Petyr Frey]]''</ref>
* [[Quentyn Martell]], son of Prince [[Doran Martell]] and [[Mellario of Norvos]].<ref>''See the calculation for: [[Years after Aegon's Conquest/Calculations Ages (Continued2)#Quentyn Martell|Quentyn Martell]]''</ref>

==Deaths==
* (Possibly) Ser [[Harlan Grandison]].
* [[Simon Toyne]], slain by Barristan Selmy.
* The [[Smiling Knight]], slain by Arthur Dayne.

==Quotes==
[[‎‎File:Marc Fishman SerBSelmy.jpg|''The memory was still bitter...'' ©Marc Fishman|thumb|300px|right]]
{{Quote|The [[Tourney at Harrenhal|memory]] came creeping upon him in the darkness, as vivid as a dream. It was the year of the false spring, and he was eighteen again, down from the [[Eyrie]] to the tourney at Harrenhal. He could see the deep green of the grass, and smell the pollen on the wind. Warm days and cool nights and the sweet taste of [[wine]].{{Ref|aGoT|58}}}} - Lord [[Eddard Stark]]'s recollections in the black cells

{{Quote|The [[Rhaegar Targaryen|Prince of Dragonstone]] had never trusted him as he had trusted [[Arthur Dayne]]. Harrenhal had been proof of that. '''The year of the false spring'''. The [[Tourney at Harrenhal|memory]] was still bitter.}} - Ser [[Barristan Selmy]]’s thoughts in [[Meereen]]

==References and Notes==
{{References}}

[[Category:Years]]

281 AC

2014-08-19T23:33:19Z

Urutapu: /* Events */

{{Template:Years}}
'''Year 281 After the Conquest''' ('''281AC''') is a year in the [[Years after Aegon's Conquest|Westerosi calendar]], the 281th after [[Aegon I Targaryen|Aegon]]'s crowning in [[Oldtown]] that maesters and educated people use as a reference to date the years.

281AC, which is also known as the '''year of the false spring''', was marked by the [[Tourney at Harrenhal]], which was attended by many highborn in the realm, including King [[Aerys II Targaryen]] and his son, Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]]. The year is also marked by the death of Ser [[Harlan Grandison]], which caused an open spot on the [[Kingsguard]], that was filled up by the admission of newly knighted [[Jaime Lannister]]. When King Aerys II named young Jaime to his Kingsguard, his [[Hand of the King]], Tywin Lannister, quit his job out of anger and returned to [[Casterly Rock]].

==Events==
* The weather becomes warmer, causing people to believe that winter is at an end and spring had begun, while in reality, it had not.
* The [[Kingswood Brotherhood]], which had been harassing highborns around the [[Kingswood]] for some time, was defeated by a force with contained at least five of the seven [[Kingsguard]]s Knights of King [[Aerys II Targaryen]]. Only Ser [[Gerold Hightower]], who had been injured in an earlier involvement with the brotherhood, is known to have been absent. Since Ser [[Harlan Grandison]] was mentioned to have died in his sleep shortly after the Brotherhood had been defeated, it is possible that Grandison had died prior to the battles, and the search for a replacement had been put on hold until the Brotherhood had been defeated.
* Ser [[Barristan Selmy]] rescued Lady [[Jeyne Swann]] and her septa from the [[Kingswood Brotherhood]].
* [[Jaime Lannister]] was knighted by Ser [[Arthur Dayne]], for his performance against the [[Kingswood Brotherhood]], shortly after the Brotherhood had been defeated.
* While staying in [[King's Landing]] on his way from the [[Kingswood]] to Casterly Rock, Cersei Lannister convinces her brother Jaime to accept a place in the [[Kingsguard]]. When he accepts, she makes all the arrangements.
* The [[Tourney at Harrenhal]] was held by Lord Whent, after his brother, Ser [[Oswell Whent]] of the [[Kingsguard]] had paid a visit.
** King Aerys II declared a mystery knight, the [[knight of the laughing tree]], to be an enemy of his, when this mystery knight shows up at the Tourney at Harrenhal. The mystery knight disappears, however, and search parties can't manage to turn the knight up again.
* The vacancy in the [[Kingsguard]] left by the death of Ser [[Harlan Grandison]] is filled by Ser [[Jaime Lannister]], who receives his white cloak at the [[Tourney at Harrenhal]].
* Lord [[Tywin Lannister]] retreats from the office of [[Hand of the King]] and moved back to [[Casterly Rock]]. Lord [[Owen Merryweather]] takes up the office.

==Births==
* [[Olyvar Frey]], son of [[Walder Frey]] and [[Bethany Rosby]].<ref>''See the calculation for: [[Years after Aegon's Conquest/Calculations Ages (Continued2)#Olyvar Frey|Olyvar Frey]]''</ref>
* [[Petyr Frey]], son of [[Ryman Frey]].<ref>''See the calculation for: [[Years after Aegon's Conquest/Calculations Ages (Continued2)#Petyr Frey|Petyr Frey]]''</ref>
* [[Quentyn Martell]], son of Prince [[Doran Martell]] and [[Mellario of Norvos]].<ref>''See the calculation for: [[Years after Aegon's Conquest/Calculations Ages (Continued2)#Quentyn Martell|Quentyn Martell]]''</ref>

==Deaths==
* (Possibly) Ser [[Harlan Grandison]].
* [[Simon Toyne]], slain by Barristan Selmy.
* The [[Smiling Knight]], slain by Arthur Dayne.

==Quotes==
[[‎‎File:Marc Fishman SerBSelmy.jpg|''The memory was still bitter...'' ©Marc Fishman|thumb|300px|right]]
{{Quote|The [[Tourney at Harrenhal|memory]] came creeping upon him in the darkness, as vivid as a dream. It was the year of the false spring, and he was eighteen again, down from the [[Eyrie]] to the tourney at Harrenhal. He could see the deep green of the grass, and smell the pollen on the wind. Warm days and cool nights and the sweet taste of [[wine]].{{Ref|aGoT|58}}}} - Lord [[Eddard Stark]]'s recollections in the black cells

{{Quote|The [[Rhaegar Targaryen|Prince of Dragonstone]] had never trusted him as he had trusted [[Arthur Dayne]]. Harrenhal had been proof of that. '''The year of the false spring'''. The [[Tourney at Harrenhal|memory]] was still bitter.}} - Ser [[Barristan Selmy]]’s thoughts in [[Meereen]]

==References and Notes==
{{References}}

[[Category:Years]]

Knight of the Laughing Tree/Theories

2014-08-19T22:08:54Z

Urutapu: what is with all the random half-sentences?

{{Theory_Policy}}
Fans have speculated a lot about the possible identity of the [[Knight of the Laughing Tree]]. Below a summary of the major candidates including the arguments for each candidate.

==Facts from Meera's story==
*The [[mystery knight]] must have been someone who knew about [[Howland Reed]]'s experience with the squires and was motivated to avenge him.
*His height was below average, or else it would not be noted in the first place.
*The mismatched armor would point to the Knight not having access to regular armor, or having regular armor with tell-tale markings on it.
*The booming voice was most likely not the regular voice of the Knight.
*The [[weirwood]] image implies a connection to the [[old gods]] and [[the North]].<ref name="Citadel2"> [http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/FAQ/Entry/Who_was_the_Knight_of_the_Laughing_Tree/ "The Citadel: FAQ, entry 6.2.7- Who was the Knight of the Laughing Tree?" (2011)]</ref><ref name="Forum1">Conversation topic: [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/index.php/topic/60771-knight-of-the-laughing-tree/ Knight of the Laughing Tree] on [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/ Westeros Forum]</ref><ref name="Forum4"/>
*He was competent enough at the joust to defeat three [[knight]]s who had made it through the first day of the tourney, but as none of them were particularly well-known, he need not have been unusually skilled.
*[[Meera Reed]] was surprised that [[Bran]] had never heard the story before, which suggests that the Knight may have been either a [[House Stark|Stark]], or someone close to the family.<ref name="Forum4"/><ref name="Forum2"/>

==Possible candidates==
* '''Lyanna Stark'''. Eddard compares his tomboyish daughter [[Arya Stark|Arya]] to [[Lyanna Stark|Lyanna]] in both appearance and personality, adding that Lyanna probably would have carried a sword if [[Rickard Stark|their father]] had allowed it.{{Ref|aGoT|22}} Lyanna is consistently noted to have been an extremely skilled rider.{{Ref|aSoS|17}}{{Ref|aDwD|32}}{{Ref|aDwD|41}} She also seems to have had an interest in swordfighting, and is shown to have been capable of outfighting [[Benjen Stark|Benjen]] during their childhood.{{Ref|aDwD|34}}<ref name="Beyond the Wall"> [http://books.google.gr/books?id=tYUsrknjhbEC&pg=PT52&lpg=PT52&dq=Knight+of+the+laughing+tree+uncertain&source=bl&ots=3Oel8P1-Mf&sig=MaELA01H_FROetLJ7v4jNnc_tHk&hl=el&sa=X&ei=8WYJUOKpCOip4gSiv_XZCg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Knight%20of%20the%20laughing%20tree%20uncertain&f=false Beyond the Wall, Chapter: "History on a Personal Scale"] Commenting on the uncertainties of the text in the novels: "Even what appear to be straightforward elements of backstory turn out to be more complex, more shrouded in doubt, than they first appear. ... We have also seen through the heart tree that Lyanna Stark was a skilled swordswoman, capable of besting her younger brother-the future First Ranger of the Night's Watch and a very capable soldier- in mock combat. This fuels speculation that Lyanna was the mysterious Knight of the Laughing Tree... and gives another reason for why she and Rhaegar may have met and developed a connection."</ref> Horsemanship skills are necessary for jousting and "riding at rings" is standard training for squires, preparing them for actual jousting. Lyanna using the same exercise in her horse-riding training would not be impossible. Benjen could have provided armor for her, as he offered to do for Reed. As an underage girl, she could be shorter than the average man. Provided she had the necessary skill and some luck, Lyanna could defeat three knights of uncertain ability. (The best jousters don't seem to have competed prior to the final day of the [[Tourney at Harrenhal]].) In jousting, "the speed of the horse provides the force of the attack", not the physical strength of the rider. The theory would also explain how she met [[Rhaegar Targaryen]], the man charged with finding the Knight. And the same man who crowned Lyanna as his [[Queen of Love and Beauty]]. They had no known previous interactions.<ref name="Citadel2"> [http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/FAQ/Entry/Who_was_the_Knight_of_the_Laughing_Tree/ "The Citadel: FAQ, entry 6.2.7- Who was the Knight of the Laughing Tree?" (2011)]</ref><ref name="Forum1">Conversation topic: [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/index.php/topic/60771-knight-of-the-laughing-tree/Knight of the Laughing Tree] on [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/ Westeros Forum]</ref><ref name="Forum2">Conversation topic: [http://asoiaf.yuku.com/topic/2164/Who-Was-the-Knight-of-the-Laughing-Tree?page=2#.UBBOcipXvH4 Who was the Knight of the Laughing Tree?] on [http://asoiaf.yuku.com/directory#.UBBP7CpXvH4 asoiaf.yuku.com]</ref>
**Negative points of this theory would be doubts concerning the skill and youth of Lyanna. The existence of swordfighting and riding skills doesn't necessarily confirm the existence of jousting skills. In her fight with the squires, there would be other factors on her side. There is no mention the squires were armed. There was likely an element of surprise at work, when they found themselves under attack. If they recognized their assailant as a noble girl, they may have consciously avoided hurting her to avoid the wrath of her House. None of these advantages would be present on the jousting field. Even if she had actual training, this would be the first real test for her skills. As a novice in the sport, her victory would be far from guaranteed. Lyanna would have logically tried to sound like a man, but the helm would not be enough to produce a powerful, stentorian voice.<ref name="Forum2"/>

* '''[[Howland Reed]]''' himself. According to Meera, Reed "was small like all crannogmen". She even calls [[crannogmen]] "small people", in comparison to the "big people" around them; therefore, he would be shorter than average. He had the strongest reasons to defend his honor, and so the best motive. He was no knight, but his tale notes the man was "brave and smart and strong", and "bolder than most" crannogmen. His hesitation to fight may have been only a temporary obstacle. The text seems to pay attention to his prayer to the old gods, said while focusing at the direction of the [[Isle of Faces]]. Earlier the tale has him knowing "the magic of the crannogs" and spending an entire winter with the [[Green Men]]. His prayer may have been answered with supernatural assistance. Bran himself, the listener of the story, strongly suspects that "the little crannogman" and the Knight were the same person, believeing that the crannogman could have been turned into a knight, "even if it was only for a day". Bran also offers the alternative that the Knight could be a Green Man, with "dark green skin and leaves instead of hair"--someone sent by the old gods. Meera does not confirm or deny any of Bran's theories, simply narrating "the old gods gave strength to his arm".{{Ref|aSoS|24}}<ref name="Citadel2"> [http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/FAQ/Entry/Who_was_the_Knight_of_the_Laughing_Tree/ "The Citadel: FAQ, entry 6.2.7- Who was the Knight of the Laughing Tree?" (2011)]</ref><ref name="Forum1">Conversation topic: [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/index.php/topic/60771-knight-of-the-laughing-tree/ Knight of the Laughing Tree] on [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/ Westeros Forum]</ref><ref name="Forum2"/>
**Negative points for this theory would be that Howland goes from the victim of the story to its hero in minimal time. He would suddenly display skills that Meera claimed the crannogmen do not have. The theory relies on Reed having beginner's luck, justice, or the supernatural on his side. If the Green Men, the [[children of the forest]], or the old gods intervened on this relatively minor occasion, one would expect them to also intervene in major events, but their lack of intervention is what makes the people of [[Westeros]] doubt their continued existence. The story might also undermine the loyalty of Reed to [[House Stark]]. He avenged himself, therefore he would not be bonded to the Starks by a debt of gratitude.<ref name="Forum2"/>

* '''Benjen Stark'''. As a son of House Stark, he certainly would have been a trained fighter. Noble boys seem to start training in the martial arts at an early age, and the Starks seem to take their training seriously. He was even younger than Lyanna and probably shorter. He was the one who suggested the idea of seeking vengeance to Reed in the first place, and claimed that he could find a horse and some armor for the crannogman. He could have used this horse and armor himself. He also would not be the first underage participant in a jousting match. Bran recalls that Barristan the Bold served as the mystery knight in a tourney when only ten years old.{{Ref|aSoS|24}}<ref name="Citadel2"/><ref name="Forum2"/>
**Negative points for this theory would the voice of [[Benjen Stark|Benjen]] and his incomplete training. The [[w:voice break|voice break]] from the vocal pitch of a boy to the deeper pitch of a man typically takes place in mid-to-late adolescence. The voice of a younger Benjen would still sound like a child, far from being powerful or stentorian.<ref name="Forum2"/> [[Barristan Selmy]] himself recalls his first jousting match with details. He was still ten and was inexperienced even as a squire. He borrowed a warhorse and found his "ill-fitting" armor in the armory of Lord [[House Dondarrion|Dondarrion]]. He had trouble keeping his lance straight, and was easily defeated in the first tilt by [[Duncan Targaryen]].{{Ref|aDwD|59}}

* '''Eddard Stark'''. [[Jojen Reed]] insists that Bran must have heard the tale of the Knight "a hundred times". He later specifically asks "You never heard this tale from your father?" Later still, Jojen keeps insisting: "Are you certain you never heard this tale before, Bran? Your lord father never told it to you?"{{Ref|aSoS|24}} The implication would be that [[Eddard Stark|Eddard]] knew this story well, even though he never passed it to his children, raising the question if this was Eddard's own tale. While Brandon was the best swordsman and lancer in the family, Eddard would also have received combat training. He was not an impressive physical specimen, as [[Catelyn Tully]] describes him as shorter than Brandon. He was still in his late teens and might not have reached his full physical height and frame. This theory would also explain Reed's personal loyalty to Eddard. He would go on to serve as one of Ned's closest companions during [[Robert's Rebellion]], even serving as one of the few men who followed Lord Stark to the [[Tower of Joy]].{{Ref|aSoS|45}}<ref name="Citadel3"> [http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/1142/ "The Citadel: So Spake Marttin: About Benjen Stark" (2000)]: "Brandon was the best of the Starks with sword in hand, and the best jouster as well. But Benjen has other skills that serve him well as a ranger... and Ned was likely the best battle commander."</ref><ref name="Forum2"/><ref name="Forum3">Conversation topic: [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/index.php/topic/22707-some-questions-about-knight-of-the-laughing-tree/page__st__140 Some Questions About Knight of the Laughing Tree] on [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/ Westeros Forum]</ref><ref>Boys tend to complete their [[w:Adolescence|puberty]] developments by ages 16-18. Increases in height past this age are uncommon, but not impossible. Teenage and early adult males may continue to gain natural muscle growth even after puberty, further adding to their weight and frame.</ref>
**The main problem with the theory would be that there is no indication of Eddard being notably short. It would be possible for him to have a late growth spurt following the Tourney, gaining the last few inches of his height, but no character seems to describe or hint at such a change.<ref name="Forum2"/><ref name="Forum3"/> Also the image of a ''laughing'' weirwood seems at odds with Ned's somber personality.<ref name="Citadel2"/>

* '''Brandon Stark'''. While known to be taller than Eddard, it has not been confirmed that Brandon was particularly tall either. There have been consistent descriptions that members of Houses [[House Baratheon|Baratheon]], [[House Clegane|Clegane]], and [[House Umber|Umber]] tend to be tall, even towering above their contemporaries, but there is no such description for the Starks. Starks seem to tend on the short side; a grown [[Robb Stark]] was shorter than [[Catelyn Tully|his mother]]. [[Brandon Stark|Brandon]] (and Eddard) could then be taller than [[Petyr Baelish]] and still be shorter than the average knight. Brandon is the only Stark with confirmed jousting skills. He was one of the last men standing in the final day of the Tourney, only defeated by Rhaegar Targaryen, the eventual champion.{{Ref|aSoS|45}}{{Ref|aGoT|58}}<ref name="Forum2"/>
**Negative points of this theory would be the unconfirmed height of Brandon and his seeming lack of motivation. Catelyn seemed notably disappointed that Eddard was not as tall as his brother, which could mean that Brandon was a relatively tall man. She never complains about Brandon being too short for her taste. On the other hand, mystery knights tend to be people otherwise banned from a tourney--underage entrants, wanted men, and people acting without permission from their current employer or head of house. Brandon was already formally competing in the Tourney, and even Eddard could probably get permission to compete from their father.{{Ref|aSoS|45}}{{Ref|aGoT|58}}<ref name="Forum2"/><ref name="Forum4"/>

* '''Ashara Dayne'''. The tale Meera narrates seems to pay attention to the movements of [[Ashara Dayne|Ashara]], and that she did have interaction with the Starks. The theory goes that as a [[Dorne|Dornishwoman]], Ashara could have received formal training in sword and lance, giving her an advantage over Lyanna. Competing in the Tourney could then be her unusual way to court Eddard Stark, wearing a weirwood sigil as a tribute to him. Her "laughing eyes" would explain the choice of a laughing sigil.{{Ref|aSoS|24}}<ref name="Forum4">Conversation topic: [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/index.php/topic/3280-howland-reed-knight-of-the-laughing-tree/page__st__40 Howland Reed=Knight of the Laughing Tree?] on [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/ Westeros Forum]</ref>
**Negative points of this theory is that there is no confirmation that all Dornishwomen receive military training. The [[Sand Snakes]] did receive such training, but they might be atypical for their culture. Ashara could have been raised to act "lady-like". Also the motivation of the storyteller, Meera, would be in question. Other theories read the story as establishing the loyalty of [[House Reed]] to [[House Stark]]. If instead the tale establishes a link between the Reeds and [[House Dayne]], Meera would have little reason to narrate the tale to Bran.<ref name="Forum4"/>

==References and Notes==
{{references|3}}
[[Category:Theories]]

Knight of the Laughing Tree

2014-08-19T21:55:25Z

Urutapu: /* Theories */

{{Character
| Character_name=[[File:Laughing Tree COA.png|50px|left]][[File:Laughing Tree COA.png|50px|right]]The Knight of the Laughing Tree
| image = [[File:Laughing tree.jpeg|250px]]
| image_caption = Art by Roman Papsuev
| Alias = The Knight of the Laughing Tree
| Title =
| Allegiance =
| Race =
| Culture =
| Spouse =
| Place_of_Birth=
| Date_of_Birth =
| Place_of_Death=
| Date_of_Death =
| Books = [[A Storm of Swords]] (Mentioned)
| coat-of-arms =
}}

The '''Knight of the Laughing Tree''' was a [[mystery knight]] who fought at the [[Tourney at Harrenhal]]. He defended the honor of [[Howland Reed]] by challenging and defeating three knights whose squires had bullied him, demanding that they chastise the squires in order to ransom back their horses and armor.

The Knight of the Laughing Tree is so-called because of the blazon on his shield, a smiling [[weirwood|heart tree]]. His true identity remains unknown.

==History==
Most of what is known about the Knight of the Laughing Tree comes from a story told by [[Meera Reed]] to [[Bran Stark]]. As an introduction to her story, Meera suggests that this knight "might have been a [[Crannogmen|crannogman]]", to which [[Jojen Reed]] adds "or not". Jojen expects Bran to have heard this tale "a hundred times" from his father, [[Eddard Stark]] but Bran denies any knowledge of the tale. He later explains that [[Nan|Old Nan]] was the one narrating stories to him, not his father.{{Ref|aSoS|24}}

According to Meera's tale, a crannogman - most likely her own father, [[Howland Reed]] - attended the [[Tourney at Harrenhal]], finding there [[Aerys II Targaryen]] ("the king") and [[Rhaegar Targaryen]] ("the dragon prince"). With the Targaryens were the [[Kingsguard]] ("the White Swords"), there to welcome [[Jaime Lannister]] ("a new brother") into their ranks. Based on their known composition of the time, the knights present would be Lord Commander [[Gerold Hightower]], [[Jonothor Darry]], [[Arthur Dayne]], [[Lewyn Martell]], [[Barristan Selmy]], and [[Oswell Whent]].{{Ref|aSoS|24}}<ref name="Citadel1">[http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/FAQ/Entry/Who_were_the_different_people_in_Meeras_story/ "The Citadel: FAQ, entry 6.2.6- Who were the different people in Meera's story?" (2007]</ref>

Among the lords present in the tourney were [[Robert Baratheon]] ("the storm lord") and [[Mace Tyrell]] ("the rose lord"). Notably absent was [[Tywin Lannister]] ("the great lion of [[Casterly Rock|the rock]]"). Meera reports that Tywin had quarelled with Aerys and intentionally stayed away. However, many of the knights and bannermen of [[House Lannister]] did attend the tourney.{{Ref|aSoS|24}}<ref name="Citadel1"/> Among the women present were [[Elia Martell]] ("the wife of the dragon prince") and a dozen of her lady companions.{{Ref|aSoS|24}}<ref name="Citadel1"/> [[House Whent]] of Harrenhal hosted the tourney. A daughter of House Whent reigned as [[Queen of Love and Beauty]] at the opening of the tourney, though her title had to be defended against challengers. Her champions were her four brothers and famous uncle, Oswell Whent.{{Ref|aSoS|24}}<ref name="Citadel1"/>

[[File:Knight of the Laughing Tree1.jpg|350px|thumb|right|Jousting illustration dating to 1881. Artwork by Alfred Fredericks, currently in the public domain. Used to illustrate the duel of the Knight of the Laughing Tree and the Porcupine Knight in the "Art of Ice and Fire" website.]]
The crannogman found himself bullied by three squires, none older than fifteen-years-old. He had already "grown to manhood", but the boys were all larger than him in size. His only offensive weapon, a three-pronged spear, was easily snatched away by his opponents. He was then thrown into the ground. His assailants repeatedly mocked him, shoved him, and kicked him. Help arrived in the person of [[Lyanna Stark]] ("the she-wolf"), who shouted indignantly that Howland was [[Rickard Stark|her father]]'s [[Feudalism|bannerman]]. She beat off his attackers with a tourney sword, scattering them away.{{Ref|aSoS|24}}<ref name="Citadel1"/>

The crannogman was wounded and Lyanna took him back to her "lair", probably a tent. She cleaned his wounds and bound them with linen, then introduced the guest to her brothers [[Brandon Stark]] ("the wild wolf"), [[Eddard Stark]] ("the quiet wolf"), and [[Benjen Stark]] ("the pup"). That evening, Lyanna persuaded the crannogman to attend the feast marking the start of the tournament. She insisted that he was highborn and had as much right to attend as anyone. The "wolf maid" was not easy to refuse. Benjen found a suitable garb for the man. Within Harrenhal, he ate and drank with the Starks. Their table also included certain Stark sworn swords, notably members of Houses [[House Dustin|Dustin]] ("barrowdown men", men from the [[Barrowlands]] or [[Barrowton]]), [[House Hornwood|Hornwood]] ("moose"), [[House Mormont|Mormont]] ("bears"), and [[House Manderly|Manderly]] ("mermen").{{Ref|aSoS|24}}<ref name="Citadel1"/>

During the feast Prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen]], a noted musician, performed a sad and beautiful song that made Lyanna weep; when Benjen teased her for crying, she poured wine over his head. A recruiting officer of the [[Night's Watch]] was there, trying to convince knights to join the Watch. Robert Baratheon was involved in a drinking contest with [[Richard Lonmouth]] ("the knight of skulls and kisses"). Meera notes in passing that Robert won the contest. The crannogman focused his attention on [[Ashara Dayne]] ("a maid with laughing purple eyes"), a companion of Elia, who was dancing in turns with various partners. First a member of the Kingsguard (either her brother Arthur Dayne or infatuated Barristan Selmy), secondly [[Oberyn Martell]] ("a red snake"), third [[Jon Connington]] ("the lord of griffins"), and lastly Eddard Stark. Eddard was too shy to ask her for a dance, so Brandon asked her on behalf of his brother.{{Ref|aSoS|24}}<ref name="Citadel1"/>{{Ref|aDwD|67}}

Still during the feast, both the crannogman and Lyanna recognized the three bullying squires. One served a pitchfork knight ([[House Haigh]]), one served a porcupine ([[House Blount]]), and the last boy served a knight of two towers ([[House Frey]]). She pointed them out to her brothers. Benjen offered to find the crannogman a horse and armor in order to avenge himself. He failed to reply, torn with indecision. His pride demanded vengeance, but he was afraid of losing and making a fool of himself, bringing shame to his people in the process. He was no knight and was not used to horses and lances. Before going to sleep at the tent of Eddard, as the "quiet wolf" had offered him hospitality, he prayed to the [[old gods]].{{Ref|aSoS|24}}<ref name="Citadel1"/>

During the first two days of the tournament, the porcupine knight, pitchfork knight, and the knight of the two towers each won a place among the champions, all in jousting. Late on the afternoon of the second day, a [[mystery knight]] "short of stature" appeared in the lists. His armor was made up of mismatched armor bits and pieces that appeared ill-fitting on him. His shield was blazoned with the image of "a white [[weirwood]] with a laughing red face". The tale earlier mentions that the crannogman had with him "a leathern shield" but does not specify whether this was the same shield. The mystery knight challenged and defeated all three of the previously mentioned knights, winning custody over their horses and armor. None of them were particularly popular, so the [[smallfolk]] cheered for the mysterious "Knight of the Laughing Tree". When the defeated trio sought to ransom back their former property, the knight declared his terms, that they ought to teach their rude squires honor. His voice sounded "booming" through his helm. The trio proceeded to chastise their squires sharply.{{Ref|aSoS|24}}

The mystery knight attracted unwanted attention. Robert Baratheon and Richard Lonmouth were determined to unmask him, while Aerys II was certain that the man was his enemy. By the next morning, the knight had disappeared. An angry Aerys sent Rhaegar to search for the vanished knight, but only his shield could be found, abandoned in a tree.{{Ref|aSoS|24}}

==Theories==
{{main|Knight of the Laughing Tree/Theories}} 
Meera's story contains several potential clues about the identity of the mystery knight. Fans have often based their evidence for his supposed identity on the disappearance of Lyanna shortly after the tournament.<ref name="Forum5">Conversation topic: [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/index.php/topic/28283-the-knight-of-the-laughing-tree/ The Knight of the Laughing Tree] on [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/ Westeros Forum] </ref><ref name="Forum4"/>
*The mystery knight must have been someone who knew about Howland Reed's experience with the squires and was motivated to avenge him. For the fans this points to the Stark siblings and Howland Reed himself, as the books do not mention anyone else noticing the incident.
*His height was below average, or else it would not be noted in the first place.
*The mismatched armor would point to the knight not having access to regular armor, or having regular armor with tell-tale markings on it.
*The booming voice was most likely not the regular voice of the knight.
*The weirwood image implies a connection to the old gods and [[the North]].<ref name="Citadel2"> [http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/FAQ/Entry/Who_was_the_Knight_of_the_Laughing_Tree/ "The Citadel: FAQ, entry 6.2.7- Who was the Knight of the Laughing Tree?" (2011)]</ref><ref name="Forum1">Conversation topic: [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/index.php/topic/60771-knight-of-the-laughing-tree/ Knight of the Laughing Tree] on [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/ Westeros Forum] </ref><ref name="Forum4"/>
*He was competent enough at the joust to defeat three knights who had made it through the first day of the tourney, but as none of them were particularly well-known, he need not have been unusually skilled.
*Meera was surprised that Bran had never heard the story before, which suggests that the knight may have been either a [[House Stark|Stark]], or someone close to the family.<ref name="Forum2">Conversation topic: [http://asoiaf.yuku.com/topic/2164/Who-Was-the-Knight-of-the-Laughing-Tree?page=2#.UBBOcipXvH4 Who was the Knight of the Laughing Tree?] on [http://asoiaf.yuku.com/directory#.UBBP7CpXvH4 asoiaf.yuku.com]</ref><ref name="Forum4">Conversation topic: [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/index.php/topic/3280-howland-reed-knight-of-the-laughing-tree/page__st__40 Howland Reed=Knight of the Laughing Tree?] on [http://asoiaf.westeros.org/ Westeros Forum] </ref>

==References and Notes==
{{references}}

[[Category:Mystery knights]]
[[Category:Terms]]

[[es:Caballero del Árbol Sonriente]]
[[fr:Chevalier d'Aubier rieur]]
[[zh:笑面树骑士]]

A Storm of Swords-Chapter 24

2014-08-19T21:47:58Z

Urutapu:

{{Infobox Chapter ASoS
| pov = [[Bran Stark|Bran]]
| title = Bran II
| place = [[the North]]
| page = 274
| previous = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 23|Daenerys II]]
| current = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 24|Bran II]]
| next = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 25|Davos III]]
| arc previous = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 9|Bran I]]
| arc next = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 40|Bran III]]
}}

==Synopsis==
Traveling north to [[the Wall]], [[Bran Stark|Bran]] and his companions meet a [[House Liddle|Liddle]] in the hills. The man indicates that the [[Ramsay Snow|Bastard of Bolton]] is offering gold for wolfskins and for word on the walking dead. Later, [[Meera Reed|Meera]] tells a story of a hero who might have been a [[Crannogmen|crannogman]] (judging from other characters in the story, presumably [[Howland Reed]]), during the [[281 AL|year of the false spring]]. This crannogman had left [[Greywater Watch]] and visited the [[children of the forest|Green Men]] on the [[Isle of Faces]]. Returning home, he stopped at [[Harrenhal]] for the [[Tourney at Harrenhal|great tourney]]. Three squires accosted him and mocked him for his short stature, knocking him to the ground until he was rescued by a [[Lyanna Stark|she-wolf]]. The story names no names, but from their references, we know who they are.

The story tells of [[Jaime Lannister]] being named to the [[Kingsguard]], despite [[Tywin Lannister|his father]]'s absence (Tywin had recently resigned as [[Hand of the King|Hand]]). The [[Brandon Stark|Wild Wolf]] had asked [[Ashara Dayne]], one of princess [[Elia Martell|Elia]]'s ladies-in-waiting, to dance with his [[Eddard Stark|shy brother]]. [[Benjen Stark|The pup]] offered the crannogman some armor so that he could take his vengeance on the squires during the tourney, but the little man turned him down. The crannogmen prayed to the [[old gods]], and the next day at the tourney, a [[mystery knight]] called the [[Knight of the Laughing Tree]] defeated the knights whose squires had wronged the crannogman. Instead of collecting a ransom from the three defeated knights, the mystery knight asked them to teach their squires honor. The Knight of the Laughing Tree disappeared before he could be unmasked, despite the fury of King [[Aerys II Targaryen|Aerys II]]. The tourney was won by prince [[Rhaegar Targaryen|Rhaegar]], but Meera ends the story by saying that what happened next is a sadder tale that deserves its own telling. Bran has never heard this story before, and both Reeds are surprised that Lord Eddard never related it to him.

==Character List appearing/mentioned==
{{Columns|3|
*[[Bran Stark]]
*[[Ramsay Snow]]
*[[Meera Reed]]
*[[Lyanna Stark]]
*[[Jaime Lannister]]
*[[Tywin Lannister]]
*[[Brandon Stark]]
*[[Ashara Dayne]]
*[[Elia Martell]]
*[[Eddard Stark]]
*[[Benjen Stark]]
*[[Knight of the Laughing Tree]]
*[[Aerys II Targaryen]]
*[[Rhaegar Targaryen]]
}}

==Places and terms mentioned==
{{Columns|3|
*[[the Wall]]
*[[House Liddle]]
*[[Crannogmen]]
*[[281 AL|year of the false spring]]
*[[Greywater Watch]]
*[[children of the forest|Green Men]]
*[[Isle of Faces]]
*[[Harrenhal]]
*[[Tourney at Harrenhal]]
*[[Kingsguard]]
*[[Hand of the King]]
*[[old gods]]
*[[mystery knight]]
}}

==References and Notes==
* The synopsis was copied from AOL member vbkorik27 previously at [http://web.archive.org/web/20080228051425/members.aol.com/vbkorik27/summary/legend.html].
*[http://www.tor.com/blogs/2013/01/a-read-of-ice-and-fire-a-storm-of-swords-part-14 A Read of Ice and Fire: A Storm of Swords, Part 14]. Analyses and summary of the chapter by Leigh Butler.
[[Category: A Song of Ice And Fire chapters|A Storm of Swords: Chapter 24]]
[[Category: A Song of Ice And Fire chapters--POV Bran Stark]]
[[Category:Chapters which take place in the North]]

[[es:Tormenta de Espadas-Capítulo 24]]
[[fr:A Storm of Swords, Chapitre 25, Bran]]
[[zh:冰雨的风暴-章节 24]]

A Storm of Swords-Chapter 23

2014-08-18T23:22:40Z

Urutapu:

{{Infobox Chapter ASoS
| pov = [[Daenerys Targaryen|Daenerys]]
| title = Daenerys II
| place = [[Astapor]]
| page = 257
| previous = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 22|Arya IV]]
| current = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 23|Daenerys II]]
| next = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 24|Bran IV]]
| arc previous = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 8|Daenerys I]]
| arc next = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 27|Daenerys III]]
}}

==Synopsis==
[[Daenerys Targaryen|Daenerys]] and one of the master slavers in [[Astapor]] are discussing the purchase of [[Unsullied]] through a [[Missandei|translator]]. Dany is pretending not to know [[High Valyrian]] speech, but she understands everything the slaver is saying to the translator. [[Kraznys mo Nakloz|Kraznys]] demonstrates the loyalty of the Unsullied, how the eunuchs follow every command given them and feel hardly any pain. Both Daenerys and [[Barristan Selmy|Arstan]] are horrified by the conditions the Unsullied live under, and the brutality of their training. The slaver indicates he has 8,000 Unsullied currently for sale. Daenerys informs him she will spend the night considering the offer.

Arstan is against the use of slaves, when [[Sellsword|sellswords]] can be bought in the [[Free Cities]]; he insists that if Daenerys lands in [[Westeros]] at the head of a slave army, many of the realm's people will oppose her for no more reason than the abbhorence of slavery. Daenerys is, however, too proud to go back to [[Pentos]] as a beggar, not after seeing what it did to her [[Viserys Targaryen|brother]], how bitter and angry constantly begging for help left him.

Lonely since [[Khal Drogo|her husband's]] death and confused over [[Jorah Mormont|Ser Jorah's]] advances on her, Daenerys takes [[Irri]] as a lover one night, the [[Dothraki]] handmaiden more than willing to sexually pleasure her [[Khaleesi]], but Daenerys finds no release, only guilt over treating her handmaid as a bedslave.

The next morning, when Ser Jorah comes to speak with her, Daenerys snaps at him; she despises Astapor and has only contempt for the Unsullied, but she still recognizes that they are too useful to pass up. Ser Jorah also gives Daenerys more food for thought on hiring the Unsullied, pointing out that they don't rape nor put to the sword the population of cities they've conquered unless specifically ordered to, minimizing the bloodshed that will inevitably occur when Daenerys starts the war to reclaim her throne. He also points out their usefulness in answering Daenerys' query as to why Astapor has never been sacked, since any enemy attacking Astapor would face the city's entire garrison of Unsullied, there are few neighboring cities and nations that pose a threat, and the combination of the Unsullied's reputation and heavy bribes offered by Astapor's rulers are enough to dissuade passing Dothraki [[Khalasar|Khalasars]] from attacking the city.

Daenerys is tempted, knowing that Viserys would purchase as many Unsullied as he could, but she questions if she can be anything like [[Rhaegar Targaryen|Rhaegar]], to whom Arstan and Jorah keep comparing her, if the loyalty of her men is only based on being bought and paid for. Ser Jorah points out that Rhaegar's honor and the loyalty he inspired in his men didn't save him from dying at [[Battle of the Trident|the Trident]].

==Character List appearing/mentioned==
{{Columns|3|
*[[Daenerys Targaryen]]
*[[Missandei]]
*[[Kraznys mo Nakloz]]
*[[Barristan Selmy]] Arstan
*[[Viserys Targaryen]]
*[[Khal Drogo]]
*[[Jorah Mormont]]
*[[Irri]]
*[[Jhiqui]]
*[[Aggo]]
*[[Jhogo]]
*[[Groleo]]
*[[Aerys II Targaryen]]
*[[Rhaegar Targaryen]]
}}

==Places and terms mentioned==
{{Columns|3|
*[[Astapor]]
*[[Unsullied]]
*[[High Valyrian]]
*[[Sellsword]]
*[[Free Cities]]
*[[Westeros]]
*[[Pentos]]
*[[Dothraki]]
*[[Khaleesi]]
*[[Khalasar]]
*[[Battle of the Trident]]
}}

==References and Notes==
* The synopsis was copied from AOL member vbkorik27 previously at [http://web.archive.org/web/20080228051425/members.aol.com/vbkorik27/summary/legend.html].
*[http://www.tor.com/blogs/2013/01/a-read-of-ice-and-fire-a-storm-of-swords-part-14 A Read of Ice and Fire: A Storm of Swords, Part 14]. Analyses and summary of the chapter by Leigh Butler.

[[Category: A Song of Ice And Fire chapters|A Storm of Swords: Chapter 23]]
[[Category: A Song of Ice And Fire chapters--POV Daenerys Targaryen]]
[[Category:Chapters which take place in Astapor]]

[[es:Tormenta de Espadas-Capítulo 23]]
[[fr:A Storm of Swords, Chapitre 24, Daenerys]]
[[zh:冰雨的风暴-章节 23]]

A Storm of Swords-Chapter 23

2014-08-18T22:58:58Z

Urutapu: /* Synopsis */

{{Infobox Chapter ASoS
| pov = [[Daenerys Targaryen|Daenerys]]
| title = Daenerys II
| place = [[Astapor]]
| page = 257
| previous = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 22|Arya IV]]
| current = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 23|Daenerys II]]
| next = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 24|Bran II]]
| arc previous = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 8|Daenerys I]]
| arc next = [[A Storm of Swords-Chapter 27|Daenerys III]]
}}

==Synopsis==
[[Daenerys Targaryen|Daenerys]] and one of the master slavers in [[Astapor]] are discussing the purchase of [[Unsullied]] through a [[Missandei|translator]]. Dany is pretending not to know [[High Valyrian]] speech, but she understands everything the slaver is saying to the translator. [[Kraznys mo Nakloz|Kraznys]] demonstrates the loyalty of the Unsullied, how the eunuchs follow every command given them and feel hardly any pain. Both Daenerys and [[Barristan Selmy|Arstan]] are horrified by the conditions the Unsullied live under, and the brutality of their training. The slaver indicates he has 8,000 Unsullied currently for sale. Daenerys informs him she will spend the night considering the offer.

Arstan is against the use of slaves, when [[Sellsword|sellswords]] can be bought in the [[Free Cities]]; he insists that if Daenerys lands in [[Westeros]] at the head of a slave army, many of the realm's people will oppose her for no more reason than the abbhorence of slavery. Daenerys is, however, too proud to go back to [[Pentos]] as a beggar, not after seeing what it did to her [[Viserys Targaryen|brother]], how bitter and angry constantly begging for help left him.

Lonely since [[Khal Drogo|her husband's]] death and confused over [[Jorah Mormont|Ser Jorah's]] advances on her, Daenerys takes [[Irri]] as a lover one night, the [[Dothraki]] handmaiden more than willing to sexually pleasure her [[Khaleesi]], but Daenerys finds no release, only guilt over treating her handmaid as a bedslave.

The next morning, when Ser Jorah comes to speak with her, Daenerys snaps at him; she despises Astapor and has only contempt for the Unsullied, but she still recognizes that they are too useful to pass up. Ser Jorah also gives Daenerys more food for thought on hiring the Unsullied, pointing out that they don't rape nor put to the sword the population of cities they've conquered unless specifically ordered to, minimizing the bloodshed that will inevitably occur when Daenerys starts the war to reclaim her throne. He also points out their usefulness in answering Daenerys' query as to why Astapor has never been sacked, since any enemy attacking Astapor would face the city's entire garrison of Unsullied, there are few neighboring cities and nations that pose a threat, and the combination of the Unsullied's reputation and heavy bribes offered by Astapor's rulers are enough to dissuade passing Dothraki [[Khalasar|Khalasars]] from attacking the city.

Daenerys is tempted, knowing that Viserys would purchase as many Unsullied as he could, but she questions if she can be anything like [[Rhaegar Targaryen|Rhaegar]], to whom Arstan and Jorah keep comparing her, if the loyalty of her men is only based on being bought and paid for. Ser Jorah points out that Rhaegar's honor and the loyalty he inspired in his men didn't save him from dying at [[Battle of the Trident|the Trident]].

==Character List appearing/mentioned==
{{Columns|3|
*[[Daenerys Targaryen]]
*[[Missandei]]
*[[Kraznys mo Nakloz]]
*[[Barristan Selmy]] Arstan
*[[Viserys Targaryen]]
*[[Khal Drogo]]
*[[Jorah Mormont]]
*[[Irri]]
*[[Jhiqui]]
*[[Aggo]]
*[[Jhogo]]
*[[Groleo]]
*[[Aerys II Targaryen]]
*[[Rhaegar Targaryen]]
}}

==Places and terms mentioned==
{{Columns|3|
*[[Astapor]]
*[[Unsullied]]
*[[High Valyrian]]
*[[Sellsword]]
*[[Free Cities]]
*[[Westeros]]
*[[Pentos]]
*[[Dothraki]]
*[[Khaleesi]]
*[[Khalasar]]
*[[Battle of the Trident]]
}}

==References and Notes==
* The synopsis was copied from AOL member vbkorik27 previously at [http://web.archive.org/web/20080228051425/members.aol.com/vbkorik27/summary/legend.html].
*[http://www.tor.com/blogs/2013/01/a-read-of-ice-and-fire-a-storm-of-swords-part-14 A Read of Ice and Fire: A Storm of Swords, Part 14]. Analyses and summary of the chapter by Leigh Butler.

[[Category: A Song of Ice And Fire chapters|A Storm of Swords: Chapter 23]]
[[Category: A Song of Ice And Fire chapters--POV Daenerys Targaryen]]
[[Category:Chapters which take place in Astapor]]

[[es:Tormenta de Espadas-Capítulo 23]]
[[fr:A Storm of Swords, Chapitre 24, Daenerys]]
[[zh:冰雨的风暴-章节 23]]

Bastardy

2014-08-18T21:20:01Z

Urutapu: redundant

[[File:MagaliVilleneuve Bastard Daughter.jpg|A bastard daughter of Prince [[Oberyn Martell]] - by Magali Villeneuve. © Fantasy Flight Games|thumb|right|400px]]
A '''bastard''' is a person whose parents, at the time of their birth, were not married to each other. There is a certain stigma that comes from being born as a bastard, as their nature is often seen as lustful and deceitful. As a polite way of referring to someone who is bastard-born, someone may be referred to as a "natural son" or "natural daughter". A less polite term, indicative of the social stigma against bastards, is "baseborn", although this term does not apply if both parents are noble. A euphemism for being bastard-born is "being born on the wrong side of the sheets".

==Family Life and Status==
In ''[[A Song of Ice and Fire]]'', it is not unexpected for noblemen to have bastard children. While it is not typical for a noble to bring his bastards home and raise them with his own children, it is usually expected that he will see to the child's well-being to some degree.{{Ref|aGoT|6}} A noble-born wife has the right to take insult at her husband's bastards being introduced into her household and being commensurate in rank with her legally-born children.

Bastards whose parents are both of the nobility may be considered non-baseborn, although even a royal decree has considerable difficulty in removing the stigma of a bastard{{Ref|TSS||''Legends II'', ISBN 978-0345456441, page 97 of 73-152}} and trueborn children of a bastard might change their surnames to show their legitimate nature. For example, a legitimate son of a Waters might change his surname to Longwaters.{{Ref|aFfC|8}}<ref>[[http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/2999/ So Speak Martin]], June 26, 2001</ref>

At any point, the biological father of a bastard may acknowledge him and bring him formally into his house; for example, [[Ramsay Snow]] was acknowledged by his father, [[Roose Bolton]], and [[Edric Storm]] was acknowledged (but not fostered) by King [[Robert Baratheon]]. A more drastic measure is legitimization, a power traditionally reserved to monarchs alone. Queen [[Rhaenyra Targaryen]] legitimized the brothers [[Addam Velaryon|Addam]] and [[Alyn Velaryon|Alyn of Hull]] as heirs of Lord [[Corlys Velaryon]].<ref>''[[The Princess and the Queen]]''</ref> [[Aegon IV Targaryen]] legitimized many of his bastards of noble birth on his deathbed (the so-called [[Great Bastards]]), and, almost a century later, Ramsay Snow's official bastard status was removed by a royal decree (as a reward for the [[House Bolton|Boltons]] betraying the [[House Stark|Starks]] and bowing to the [[House Lannister|Lannisters]]) and he became the heir of House Bolton. The social stigma of his bastardy was not lifted, however. [[Robb Stark]], as [[King in the North]], planned to legitimize his bastard half-brother [[Jon Snow]] and proclaim him as his heir; however, this would only be considered valid by those who supported Robb's claim to be King in the North. Following Robb's death, [[Stannis Baratheon]], having proclaimed himself King of the Seven Kingdoms, also proposed to legitimize Snow and make him Lord of [[Winterfell]], but Jon declined Stannis's offer, electing to become [[Lord Commander of the Night's Watch]] instead.

[[Joffrey Baratheon]] was believed by [[Robert Baratheon]] to be his trueborn son, and therefore heir to [[House Baratheon]] and the [[Iron Throne]]. The revelation of Joffrey's bastardy, as the product of adultery on the part of Queen [[Cersei Lannister|Cersei]], caused his claim to the Iron Throne to be disputed after Robert's death by Robert's brother, Stannis.

Far more often a bastard is acknowledged but not legitimized. For example, [[Eddard Stark]] acknowledged Jon Snow as his son and a member of [[House Stark]], but did not legitimize him. Snow retained the bastard name of the North and the social status it conferred, and did not enter the line of succession of House Stark. Many bastards are never acknowledged and do not know who their fathers are. One example is [[Gendry]].

==Rights of Inheritance==
The baseborn have few rights under the [[Laws & Justice|law]] and [[customs|custom]] when it comes to rights of inheritance. A bastard may inherit if the father has no other trueborn children nor any other likely kin to follow him. Additionally, a bastard can inherit if he is legitimized by a royal decree. It is unclear whether a legitimized bastard would be placed in the succession according to birth order, or would be placed at the end, after the trueborn children.<Ref name="SSM The Hornwood Inheritance and the Whents">[http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/The_Hornwood_Inheritance_and_the_Whents SSM]</Ref>

Heraldic custom regarding bastards is fairly loose; bastards who take arms (noble born, knighted, etc.) often, but not always, take the [[Heraldry|coat of arms]] of their fathers with the colors reversed.{{Ref|TSS||''Legends II'', ISBN 978-0345456441, page 104 of 73-152}} A bend sinister is sometimes added, as exemplified by Ser [[Walder Rivers]]'s sigil.{{Ref|aFfC|38}} A bastard that wants to emphasize his filiation and minimize his own bastardy may decide to use the same sigil as his father, as did [[Glendon Flowers]],{{Ref|TMK|''Warriors 1'', ISBN 978-0-7653-6026-7, page 279 of 251-394}} perhaps illegally.{{Ref|THK}}{{Ref|AGOT|7}}

However, any man can be [[knight]]ed, even a bastard. A bastard may even be appointed to the [[Kingsguard]]; two such knights, [[Robert Flowers]] and [[Addison Hill]], rose to become [[Lord Commander of the Kingsguard]].{{ref|AFFC|16}} In the [[Night's Watch]], any man may rise to command, no matter the circumstances of their birth. Such were the cases of [[Cotter Pyke]], commander of [[Eastwatch-by-the-Sea]], and [[Jon Snow]] and [[Robin Hill]], who became [[Lord Commander of the Night's Watch|Lord Commander]]s.

==Social Status==
It is considered rude to pry into the origins of a man's natural children. Men say that bastards are born from lust and lies, grow up more swiftly than other children, and their nature is wanton and treacherous.<ref>I: 45, III: 830</ref>

A bastard may study at the [[Citadel]] and become a [[maester]].

===Coat of Arms===

Bastards do not have the right to use the arms of their families. The custom is thus a bastard using arms (when knighted for example) adds a distinction, called ''breaking''. This can be in the form of a color inversion on their own coats of arms, with the addition of a possible ''bend sinister''.

{| cellspacing="5" border="0" style="text-align:left;"
| [[File:House Targaryen.PNG|75px|''House Targaryen'']]
| [[File:House Blackfyre.png|75px|''House Blackfyre'']]
|Arms of [[House Blackfyre]], founded by a bastard of the [[House Targaryen]], has the colors reversed.<ref>[[The Sworn Sword]].</ref>
|}

{| cellspacing="5" border="0" style="text-align:left;"
| [[File:House Frey.png|75px|''House Frey'']]
| [[File:MiniWalder Rivers.png|75px|'' personnel arms of Walder Rivers'']]
|The personal arms of [[Walder Rivers]], bastard son of Lord [[Walder Frey]], has the Frey colors reversed and a red bend sinister added.{{ref|affc|39}}
|}

==Surnames==
Each of the nine constituent regions of the Seven Kingdoms have bastard surnames decreed by custom. Bastards with a high-born parent are given these surnames to hold them apart from their fathers' houses. The parents may give a bastard a different surname if they wish, e.g. [[Tyrion Tanner]]. Bastards with no known relation to a noble house have no surname, like other [[smallfolk]].

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Region !! Surname !! Example Character
|-
| [[The Reach|Reach]] || Flowers || [[Robert Flowers | Ser Robert Flowers]]
|-
| [[The Westerlands|Westerlands]] || Hill || [[Joy Hill]]
|-
| [[The Iron Islands|Iron Islands]] || Pyke || [[Wex Pyke]]
|-
| [[The Riverlands|Riverlands]] || Rivers || [[Walder Rivers]]
|-
| [[Dorne]] || Sand || [[Nymeria Sand]]
|-
| [[The North|North]] || Snow || [[Jon Snow]]
|-
| [[The Vale|Vale]] || Stone || [[Mya Stone]]
|-
| [[The Stormlands|Stormlands]] || Storm || [[Rolland Storm | Ser Rolland Storm]]
|-
| [[Crownlands]] || Waters || [[Aurane Waters]]
|}

As the surname is applied depending on the region where the bastard is raised, bastards who are half-siblings may have different surnames. For example, [[Robert Baratheon]]'s eldest bastard, born in the Vale, is called Mya ''Stone'' while his bastard from the Stormlands is called Edric ''Storm''.

==Notable Bastards==
'''The North'''
* [[Jon Snow]], the recognized bastard son of Lord [[Eddard Stark]] and 998th [[Lord Commander of the Night's Watch]].
* [[Ramsay Bolton]], formerly known as Ramsay Snow, the recognized and legitimised son of Lord [[Roose Bolton]]. Commonly known as the Bastard of Bolton or the Bastard of the [[Dreadfort]].
* [[Larence Snow]], the son of Lord [[Halys Hornwood]].
'''The Iron Islands'''
* [[Cotter Pyke]], a member of the Night's Watch and the current Commander of [[Eastwatch-by-the-Sea]].
* [[Wex Pyke]], the baseborn son of [[Sargon Botley]] and the squire of [[Theon Greyjoy]].
'''The Riverlands'''
* Ser [[Aegor Rivers]], better known as Bittersteel, is the recognized and legitimised son of King [[Aegon IV Targaryen]] and [[Barba Bracken]]. Founder of the [[Golden Company]].
* [[Brynden Rivers]], better known as Bloodraven, recognized and legitimised son of King [[Aegon IV Targaryen]] and [[Melissa Blackwood]]. Former [[Hand of the King]] and [[Lord Commander of the Night's Watch]].
* [[Walder Rivers]], recognized eldest bastard son of Lord [[Walder Frey]].
'''The Vale'''
* [[Mya Stone]], the eldest bastard of King [[Robert Baratheon]]. (While she is not officially recognized, she is somewhat openly known to be the king's baseborn daughter.)
* [[Alayne Stone]], the bastard daughter of [[Petyr Baelish]], actually a false identity assumed by [[Sansa Stark]].
'''The Westerlands'''
* [[Joy Hill]], the recognized daughter of [[Gerion Lannister]].
* "Sweet" [[Donnel Hill]], who claims to be a bastard of the Lannisters.
* Hugor Hill, a bastard named in analogy of the mythical [[Hugor of the Hill]], actually a false identity assumed by [[Tyrion Lannister]]
'''The Crownlands'''
* Addam of Hull, legitimised as [[Addam Velaryon]], a dragonrider and heir to [[Driftmark]].
* Alyn of Hull, legitimised as [[Alyn Velaryon]], an admiral and heir to Driftmark.
* [[Aurane Waters]], better known as the Bastard of Driftmark. He was part of Queen [[Cersei Lannister|Cersei's]] small council as the Grand Admiral and [[Master of Ships]].
* [[Humfrey Waters]] is the current Commander of the [[City Watch of King's Landing]].
* [[Gendry]], an unrecognized bastard of King [[Robert Baratheon]]. Unaware of his heritage but is the spitting image of Robert when he was young.
* [[Joffrey Baratheon|Joffrey]], [[Myrcella Baratheon|Myrcella]] and [[Tommen Baratheon]] are bastards conceived by Queen [[Cersei Lannister]] with her own twin brother, Ser [[Jaime Lannister|Jaime]], although they are commonly believed to be her legitimate children by King [[Robert Baratheon]].
'''The Reach'''
*[[Falia Flowers]], the bastard daughter of Lord [[Humfrey Hewett]].
*Ser [[Franklyn Flowers]], a knight in service to the [[Golden Company]].
*Ser [[Robert Flowers]], a former member of the Kingsguard.
'''The Stormlands'''
*[[Edric Storm]], the acknowledged bastard son of King [[Robert Baratheon]] and [[Delena Florent]].
*Ser [[Rolland Storm]], better known as the Bastard of Nightsong, is the baseborn son of Lord [[Bryen Caron]].
'''Dorne'''
*[[Ellaria Sand]], the bastard daughter of Lord [[Harmen Uller]]. She is also the paramour of Prince [[Oberyn Martell]].
*The [[Sand Snakes]] is the collective name for the eight bastard daughters of Prince [[Oberyn Martell]], the Red Viper. They are [[Obara Sand]], [[Nymeria Sand]], [[Tyene Sand]], [[Sarella Sand]], [[Elia Sand]], [[Obella Sand]], [[Dorea Sand]] and [[Loreza Sand]].
*[[Daemon Sand]], better known as the Bastard of Godsgrace, is the bastard son of [[Ryon Allyrion]].

==Quotes==
{{Quote|The old [[High Septon]] told [[Maekar I Targaryen|my father]] that king's laws are one thing, and the laws of the gods another. Trueborn children are made in a marriage bed and blessed by [[Father (the Seven)|the Father]] and [[Mother (the Seven)|the Mother]], but bastards are born of lust and weakness, he said. King [[Aegon IV Targaryen|Aegon]] decreed that his bastards were not bastards, but he could not change their nature. The High Septon said all bastards are born to betrayal ...{{Ref|TSS|''Legends II'', ISNB 0-00-715436-4, page 160 of 88-190}}}} - [[Egg]] to [[Dunk]]

{{Quote|Your mother was milking goats the first time I gave her my seed.{{Ref|aGoT|59}}}}
– [[Walder Frey]], to [[Ryger Rivers]]

{{Quote|Go away, I wanted only Freys up here, the [[Robb|King in the North]] has no interest in base stock.{{Ref|asos|49|p 560}}}}
– [[Walder Frey]], to little [[Walda Rivers (daughter of Aemon)|Walda Rivers]]

{{Quote|[[Orys Baratheon]] was a baseborn half brother to [[Aegon I Targaryen|Lord Aegon]], it was whispered, and the [[Argilac Durrandon|Storm King]] would not dishonor his daughter by giving her hand to a bastard. The very suggestion enraged him.<ref>WORLD OF ICE AND FIRE SAMPLE: [http://www.georgerrmartin.com/world-of-ice-and-fire-sample/ AEGON’S CONQUEST]</ref>}}

{{Quote|Bastard children were born from lust and lies, men said; their nature was wanton and treacherous. Once Jon had meant to prove them wrong, to show [[Ned Stark|his lord father]] he could as good a true son as [[Robb]].{{ref|asos|73}}}}
– [[Jon Snow]]

{{Quote|Well, [[Aerion Brightflame]] did not stay in [[Lys]] all his life, only a few years. He may have fathered a few [[bastard]]s there, which would mean [[Dany]] has "relatives" of a sort in Lys... but they would be very distant relatives, from the wrong side of the blanket.<ref>Many Questions. (October 14, 1998) [http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/Many_Questions/ So Spake Martin]</ref>}} - [[George R. R. Martin]]

==References and Notes==
{{References|2}}
{{EnWP|Bastard (Law of England and Wales)|small=yes}}

[[Category:Bastards| ]]
[[Category:Terms]]

[[es:Bastardía]]
[[fr:Bâtard]]
[[ru:Бастарды в Вестеросе]]

Bastardy

2014-08-18T21:11:50Z

Urutapu:

[[File:MagaliVilleneuve Bastard Daughter.jpg|A bastard daughter of Prince [[Oberyn Martell]] - by Magali Villeneuve. © Fantasy Flight Games|thumb|right|400px]]
A '''bastard''' is a person whose parents, at the time of their birth, were not married to each other. There is a certain stigma that comes from being born as a bastard, as their nature is often seen as lustful and deceitful. As a polite way of referring to someone who is bastard-born, someone may be referred to as a "natural son" or "natural daughter". A less polite term, indicative of the social stigma against bastards, is "baseborn", although this term does not apply if both parents are noble. A euphemism for being bastard-born is "being born on the wrong side of the sheets".

==Family Life and Status==
In ''[[A Song of Ice and Fire]]'', it is not unexpected for noblemen to have bastard children. While it is not typical for a noble to bring his bastards home and raise them with his own children, it is usually expected that he will see to the child's well-being to some degree.{{Ref|aGoT|6}} A noble-born wife has the right to take insult at her husband's bastards being introduced into her household and being commensurate in rank with her legally-born children.

Bastards whose parents are both of the nobility may be considered non-baseborn, although even a royal decree has considerable difficulty in removing the stigma of a bastard{{Ref|TSS||''Legends II'', ISBN 978-0345456441, page 97 of 73-152}} and trueborn children of a bastard might change their surnames to show their legitimate nature. For example, a legitimate son of a Waters might change his surname to Longwaters.{{Ref|aFfC|8}}<ref>[[http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/2999/ So Speak Martin]], June 26, 2001</ref>

At any point, the biological father of a bastard may acknowledge him and bring him formally into his house; for example, [[Ramsay Snow]] was acknowledged by his father, [[Roose Bolton]], and [[Edric Storm]] was acknowledged (but not fostered) by King [[Robert Baratheon]]. A more drastic measure is legitimization, a power traditionally reserved to monarchs alone. Queen [[Rhaenyra Targaryen]] legitimized the brothers [[Addam Velaryon|Addam]] and [[Alyn Velaryon|Alyn of Hull]] as heirs of Lord [[Corlys Velaryon]].<ref>''[[The Princess and the Queen]]''</ref> [[Aegon IV Targaryen]] legitimized many of his bastards of noble birth on his deathbed (the so-called [[Great Bastards]]), and, almost a century later, Ramsay Snow's official bastard status was removed by a royal decree (as a reward for the [[House Bolton|Boltons]] betraying the [[House Stark|Starks]] and bowing to the [[House Lannister|Lannisters]]) and he became the heir of House Bolton. The social stigma of his bastardy was not lifted, however. [[Robb Stark]], as [[King in the North]], planned to legitimize his bastard half-brother [[Jon Snow]] and proclaim him as his heir; however, this would only be considered valid by those who supported Robb's claim to be King in the North. Following Robb's death, [[Stannis Baratheon]], having proclaimed himself King of the Seven Kingdoms, also proposed to legitimize Snow and make him Lord of [[Winterfell]], but Jon declined Stannis's offer, electing to become [[Lord Commander of the Night's Watch]] instead.

[[Joffrey Baratheon]] was believed by [[Robert Baratheon]] to be his trueborn son, and therefore heir to [[House Baratheon]] and the [[Iron Throne]]. The revelation of Joffrey's bastardy, as the product of adultery on the part of Queen [[Cersei Lannister|Cersei]], caused his claim to the Iron Throne to be disputed after Robert's death by Robert's brother, Stannis.

Far more often a bastard is acknowledged but not legitimized. For example, [[Eddard Stark]] acknowledged Jon Snow as his son and a member of [[House Stark]], but did not legitimize him. Snow retained the bastard name of the North and the social status it conferred, and did not enter the line of succession of House Stark. Many bastards are never acknowledged and do not know who their fathers are. One example is [[Gendry]].

==Rights of Inheritance==
The baseborn have few rights under the [[Laws & Justice|law]] and [[customs|custom]] when it comes to rights of inheritance. A bastard may inherit if the father has no other trueborn children nor any other likely kin to follow him. Additionally, a bastard can inherit if he is legitimized by a royal decree. It is unclear whether a legitimized bastard would be placed in the succession according to birth order, or would be placed at the end, after the trueborn children.<Ref name="SSM The Hornwood Inheritance and the Whents">[http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/The_Hornwood_Inheritance_and_the_Whents SSM]</Ref>

Heraldic custom regarding bastards is fairly loose; bastards who take arms (noble born, knighted, etc.) often, but not always, take the [[Heraldry|coat of arms]] of their fathers with the colors reversed.{{Ref|TSS||''Legends II'', ISBN 978-0345456441, page 104 of 73-152}} A bend sinister is sometimes added, as exemplified by Ser [[Walder Rivers]]'s sigil.{{Ref|aFfC|38}} A bastard that wants to emphasize his filiation and minimize his own bastardy may decide to use the same sigil as his father, as did [[Glendon Flowers]],{{Ref|TMK|''Warriors 1'', ISBN 978-0-7653-6026-7, page 279 of 251-394}} perhaps illegally.{{Ref|THK}}{{Ref|AGOT|7}}

However, any man can be [[knight]]ed, even a bastard. A bastard may even be appointed to the [[Kingsguard]]; two such knights, [[Robert Flowers]] and [[Addison Hill]], rose to become [[Lord Commander of the Kingsguard]].{{ref|AFFC|16}} In the [[Night's Watch]], any man may rise to command, no matter the circumstances of their birth. Such were the cases of [[Cotter Pyke]], commander of [[Eastwatch-by-the-Sea]], and [[Jon Snow]] and [[Robin Hill]], who became [[Lord Commander of the Night's Watch|Lord Commander]]s.

==Social Status==
It is considered rude to pry into the origins of a man's natural children. Men say that bastards are born from lust and lies, grow up more swiftly than other children, and their nature is wanton and treacherous.<ref>I: 45, III: 830</ref>

A bastard may study at the [[Citadel]] and become a [[maester]].

===Coat of Arms===

Bastards do not have the right to use the arms of their families. The custom is thus a bastard using arms (when knighted for example) adds a distinction, called ''breaking''. This can be in the form of a color inversion on their own coats of arms, with the addition of a possible ''bend sinister''.

{| cellspacing="5" border="0" style="text-align:left;"
| [[File:House Targaryen.PNG|75px|''House Targaryen'']]
| [[File:House Blackfyre.png|75px|''House Blackfyre'']]
|Arms of [[House Blackfyre]], founded by a bastard of the [[House Targaryen]], has the colors reversed.<ref>[[The Sworn Sword]].</ref>
|}

{| cellspacing="5" border="0" style="text-align:left;"
| [[File:House Frey.png|75px|''House Frey'']]
| [[File:MiniWalder Rivers.png|75px|'' personnel arms of Walder Rivers'']]
|The personal arms of [[Walder Rivers]], bastard son of Lord [[Walder Frey]], has the Frey colors reversed and a red bend sinister added.{{ref|affc|39}}
|}

==Surnames==
Each of the nine constituent regions of the Seven Kingdoms have bastard surnames decreed by custom. Bastards with a high-born parent are given these surnames to hold them apart from their fathers' houses. The parents may give a bastard a different surname if they wish, e.g. [[Tyrion Tanner]]. Bastards with no known relation to a noble house have no surname, like other [[smallfolk]].

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Region !! Surname !! Example Character
|-
| [[The Reach|Reach]] || Flowers || [[Robert Flowers | Ser Robert Flowers]]
|-
| [[The Westerlands|Westerlands]] || Hill || [[Joy Hill]]
|-
| [[The Iron Islands|Iron Islands]] || Pyke || [[Wex Pyke]]
|-
| [[The Riverlands|Riverlands]] || Rivers || [[Walder Rivers]]
|-
| [[Dorne]] || Sand || [[Nymeria Sand]]
|-
| [[The North|North]] || Snow || [[Jon Snow]]
|-
| [[The Vale|Vale]] || Stone || [[Mya Stone]]
|-
| [[The Stormlands|Stormlands]] || Storm || [[Rolland Storm | Ser Rolland Storm]]
|-
| [[Crownlands]] || Waters || [[Aurane Waters]]
|}

As the surname is applied depending on the region where the bastard is raised, bastards who are half-siblings may have different surnames. For example, [[Robert Baratheon]]'s eldest bastard, born in the Vale, is called Mya ''Stone'' while his bastard from the Stormlands is called Edric ''Storm''.

==Notable Bastards==
'''The North'''
* [[Jon Snow]], the recognized bastard son of Lord [[Eddard Stark]] and 998th [[Lord Commander of the Night's Watch]].
* [[Ramsay Bolton]], formerly known as Ramsay Snow, the recognized and legitimised son of Lord [[Roose Bolton]]. Commonly known as the Bastard of Bolton or the Bastard of the [[Dreadfort]].
* [[Larence Snow]], the son of Lord [[Halys Hornwood]].
'''The Iron Islands'''
* [[Cotter Pyke]], a member of the Night's Watch and the current Commander of [[Eastwatch-by-the-Sea]].
* [[Wex Pyke]], the baseborn son of [[Sargon Botley]] and the squire of [[Theon Greyjoy]].
'''The Riverlands'''
* Ser [[Aegor Rivers]], better known as Bittersteel, is the recognized and legitimised son of King [[Aegon IV Targaryen]] and [[Barba Bracken]]. Founder of the [[Golden Company]].
* [[Brynden Rivers]], better known as Bloodraven, recognized and legitimised son of King [[Aegon IV Targaryen]] and [[Melissa Blackwood]]. Former [[Hand of the King]] and [[Lord Commander of the Night's Watch]].
* [[Walder Rivers]], recognized eldest bastard son of Lord [[Walder Frey]].
'''The Vale'''
* [[Mya Stone]], the eldest bastard of King [[Robert Baratheon]]. (While she is not officially recognized, she is somewhat openly known to be the king's baseborn daughter.)
* [[Alayne Stone]], the bastard daughter of [[Petyr Baelish]], actually a false identity assumed by [[Sansa Stark]].
'''The Westerlands'''
* [[Joy Hill]], the recognized daughter of [[Gerion Lannister]].
* "Sweet" [[Donnel Hill]], who claims to be a bastard of the Lannisters.
* Hugor Hill, a bastard named in analogy of the mythical [[Hugor of the Hill]], actually a false identity assumed by [[Tyrion Lannister]]
'''The Crownlands'''
* Addam of Hull, legitimised as [[Addam Velaryon]], a dragonrider and heir to [[Driftmark]].
* Alyn of Hull, legitimised as [[Alyn Velaryon]], an admiral and heir to Driftmark.
* [[Aurane Waters]], better known as the Bastard of Driftmark. He was part of Queen [[Cersei Lannister|Cersei's]] small council as the Grand Admiral and [[Master of Ships]].
* [[Humfrey Waters]] is the current Commander of the [[City Watch of King's Landing]].
* [[Gendry]], an unrecognized bastard of King [[Robert Baratheon]]. Unaware of his heritage but is the spitting image of Robert when he was young.
* [[Joffrey Baratheon|Joffrey]], [[Myrcella Baratheon|Myrcella]] and [[Tommen Baratheon]] are bastards conceived by Queen [[Cersei Lannister]] with her own twin brother, Ser [[Jaime Lannister|Jaime]], although they are commonly believed to be her legitimate children by King [[Robert Baratheon]].
'''The Reach'''
*[[Falia Flowers]], the bastard daughter of Lord [[Humfrey Hewett]].
*Ser [[Franklyn Flowers]], a knight in service to the [[Golden Company]].
*Ser [[Robert Flowers]], a former member of the Kingsguard.
'''The Stormlands'''
*[[Edric Storm]], the acknowledged bastard son of King [[Robert Baratheon]] and [[Delena Florent]].
*Ser [[Rolland Storm]], better known as the Bastard of Nightsong, is the baseborn son of Lord [[Bryen Caron]].
'''Dorne'''
*[[Ellaria Sand]], the bastard daughter of Lord [[Harmen Uller]]. She is also the paramour of Prince [[Oberyn Martell]].
*The [[Sand Snakes]] is the collective name for the eight bastard daughters of Prince [[Oberyn Martell]], the Red Viper. They are [[Obara Sand]], [[Nymeria Sand]], [[Tyene Sand]], [[Sarella Sand]], [[Elia Sand]], [[Obella Sand]], [[Dorea Sand]] and [[Loreza Sand]].
*[[Daemon Sand]], better known as the Bastard of Godsgrace, is the bastard son of [[Ryon Allyrion]].

==Quotes==
{{Quote|Trueborn children are made in a marriage bed and blessed by [[Father (the Seven)|the Father]] and [[Mother (the Seven)|Mother]], but bastards are born of lust and weakness.{{Ref|TSS|''Legends II'', ISNB 0-00-715436-4, page 160 of 88-190}}}} - the old [[High Septon]], to King [[Maekar I Targaryen|Maekar]]

{{Quote|The old [[High Septon]] told [[Maekar I Targaryen|my father]] that king's laws are one thing, and the laws of the gods another. Trueborn children are made in a marriage bed and blessed by [[Father (the Seven)|the Father]] and [[Mother (the Seven)|the Mother]], but bastards are born of lust and weakness, he said. King [[Aegon IV Targaryen|Aegon]] decreed that his bastards were not bastards, but he could not change their nature. The High Septon said all bastards are born to betrayal ...{{Ref|TSS|''Legends II'', ISNB 0-00-715436-4, page 160 of 88-190}}}} - [[Egg]] to [[Dunk]]

{{Quote|Your mother was milking goats the first time I gave her my seed.{{Ref|aGoT|59}}}}
– [[Walder Frey]], to [[Ryger Rivers]]

{{Quote|Go away, I wanted only Freys up here, the [[Robb|King in the North]] has no interest in base stock.{{Ref|asos|49|p 560}}}}
– [[Walder Frey]], to little [[Walda Rivers (daughter of Aemon)|Walda Rivers]]

{{Quote|[[Orys Baratheon]] was a baseborn half brother to [[Aegon I Targaryen|Lord Aegon]], it was whispered, and the [[Argilac Durrandon|Storm King]] would not dishonor his daughter by giving her hand to a bastard. The very suggestion enraged him.<ref>WORLD OF ICE AND FIRE SAMPLE: [http://www.georgerrmartin.com/world-of-ice-and-fire-sample/ AEGON’S CONQUEST]</ref>}}

{{Quote|Bastard children were born from lust and lies, men said; their nature was wanton and treacherous. Once Jon had meant to prove them wrong, to show [[Ned Stark|his lord father]] he could as good a true son as [[Robb]].{{ref|asos|73}}}}
– [[Jon Snow]]

{{Quote|Well, [[Aerion Brightflame]] did not stay in [[Lys]] all his life, only a few years. He may have fathered a few [[bastard]]s there, which would mean [[Dany]] has "relatives" of a sort in Lys... but they would be very distant relatives, from the wrong side of the blanket.<ref>Many Questions. (October 14, 1998) [http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/Many_Questions/ So Spake Martin]</ref>}} - [[George R. R. Martin]]

==References and Notes==
{{References|2}}
{{EnWP|Bastard (Law of England and Wales)|small=yes}}

[[Category:Bastards| ]]
[[Category:Terms]]

[[es:Bastardía]]
[[fr:Bâtard]]
[[ru:Бастарды в Вестеросе]]

Ghost of High Heart

2014-08-18T21:02:21Z

Urutapu:

{{Character
| Character_name = Ghost of High Heart
| image = [[File:Ghost of High Heart1.jpg|250px]]
| image_caption = Fan art by Paul Phillips©.
| Alias = The woods witch
| Title =
| Allegiance =
| Race =
| Culture =
| Spouse =
| Place_of_Birth =
| Date_of_Birth =
| Place_of_Death =
| Date_of_Death =
| Books = ''[[A Storm of Swords]]'' (Appears) ''[[A Feast for Crows]]'' (Mentioned) ''[[A Dance with Dragons]]'' (Mentioned)
| coat-of-arms =
}}

The '''ghost of High Heart'''{{ref|ASOS|Appendix}} is an old, stooped, very short woman who has visions of the future and the past. She lives at [[High Heart]] in the [[Riverlands]].

==Appearance==
:''See also: [[:Category:Images of the Ghost of High Heart|Images of the Ghost of High Heart]]''
The ghost of High Heart walks with a gnarled black cane. She has white hair so long it almost touches the ground. Her flesh is very pale and she has red eyes.{{ref|ASOS|22}} She is no more than three feet tall.{{ref|ASOS|43}}

==Recent Events==
===''A Storm of Swords''===
[[Arya Stark]] and the [[brotherhood without banners]] camp overnight at [[High Heart]] to meet with the ghost of High Heart to hear her tell the future and to learn the whereabouts of Lord [[Beric Dondarrion]]. There she predicts the deaths of Lord [[Renly Baratheon]]{{Ref|aCoK|33}} and King [[Balon Greyjoy]],{{ref|asos|45}}{{ref|asos|54}} in wording that suggests that Balon is killed by a [[Faceless Men|Faceless Man]] contracted by someone among the [[ironborn]]. She also talks of the [[Red Wedding|death]]{{Ref|aSoS|51}}{{Ref|aSoS|65}} and resurrection{{Ref|aSoS|Epilogue}} of [[Catelyn Stark]]. The woman is distressed when she meets Arya, insinuating the girl is associated with death.{{ref|ASOS|43}} The old woman requests that [[Tom of Sevenstreams]] play [[Jenny's song]] for her after each meeting.{{ref|ASOS|43}}

===''A Dance with Dragons''===
[[Barristan Selmy]] reveals to [[Daenerys Targaryen|Daenerys]] that her grandsire, King [[Jaehaerys II Targaryen]], arranged the marriage between her parents, Prince [[Aerys II Targaryen|Aerys II]] and Princess [[Rhaella Targaryen|Rhaella]]. Jaehaerys did this after hearing a prophecy from a woods witch that [[the prince that was promised]] would be born from their line. While most people believed the woods witch to be a dwarf, her friend, [[Jenny of Oldstones]], claimed she was one of the [[children of the forest]]. While Barristan believes the woods witch died at the [[Tragedy of Summerhall]], the description fits the ghost of High Heart.{{Ref|ADWD|23}}

While aboard the ''[[Selaesori Qhoran]]'', [[Tyrion Lannister]] recalls what he considers to be a less reliable tale that had reached his ears, that of a dwarf witch who haunts a hill in the [[riverlands]].{{Ref|ADWD|33}}

==Quotes by the ghost of High Heart==
{{Quote|The old gods stir and will not let me sleep. I dreamt I saw a [[Shadow assassin|shadow with a burning heart]] butchering a [[Renly Baratheon|golden stag]], aye. I dreamt of a [[Faceless Men|man without a face]], waiting on a bridge that swayed and swung. On his shoulder perched a [[Euron Greyjoy|drowned crow with seaweed hanging from his wings]]. I dreamt of a roaring river and a [[Catelyn Tully|woman that was a fish]]. Dead she drifted, with red tears on her cheeks, but when her eyes did open, oh, I woke from terror. All this I dreamt, and more.{{Ref|aSoS|22}}}} – the ghost of High Heart, to [[Tom of Sevenstreams|Tom]], [[Lem]], and [[Greenbeard]]

{{Quote|I dreamt a [[Grey Wind|wolf]] howling in the rain, but no one heard his grief. I dreamt [[Red Wedding|such a clangor I thought my head might burst, drums and horns and pipes and screams]], but the saddest sound was the [[Jinglebell|little bells]]. I dreamt of a [[Sansa Stark|maid]] at a [[Purple Wedding|feast]] with [[The strangler|purple serpents]] in her hair, venom dripping from their fangs. And later I dreamt that maid again, slaying a savage giant in a castle built of snow.{{Ref|aSoS|43}}}} – the ghost of High Heart, to [[Beric Dondarrion]], [[Lem]], and [[Thoros of Myr]]

{{Quote|I see you. I see you, wolf child. Blood child. I thought it was the [[Beric Dondarrion|lord who smelled of death]] ... You are cruel to come to my hill, cruel. I gorged on grief at [[Summerhall]], I need none of yours. Begone from here, dark heart. Begone!{{Ref|aSoS|43}}}} – the ghost of High Heart, to [[Arya Stark]]

==Quotes about the ghost of High Heart==
{{quote|... she has her own ways of knowing things, that one. The [[weirwood]]s whisper in her ear when she sleeps.{{ref|ASOS|43}}}} – [[Thoros of Myr]], to [[Arya Stark]]

==References and Notes==
{{references|3}}

[[Category:Characters from the Riverlands]]
[[Category:Children of the Forest]]
[[Category:Smallfolk]]
[[Category:Dwarfs]]

[[fr:Fantôme de Noblecœur]]
[[ru:Призрак Благородного Сердца]]
[[zh:高尚之心的鬼魂]]

Bastardy

2014-06-26T23:10:10Z

Urutapu: /* Family Life and Status */

[[File:MagaliVilleneuve Bastard Daughter.jpg|A bastard daughter of Prince [[Oberyn Martell]] - by Magali Villeneuve. © Fantasy Flight Games|thumb|right|400px]]
A '''bastard''' is a person whose parents, at the time of their birth, were not married to each other. There is a certain stigma that comes from being born as a bastard, as their nature is often seen as lustful and deceitful. As a polite way of referring to someone who is bastard-born, someone may be referred to as a "natural son" or "natural daughter". A less polite term, indicative of the social stigma against bastards, is "baseborn." A euphemism for being bastard-born is "being born on the wrong side of the sheets". If both parents of a bastard are noble then the child is not considered "baseborn."

==Family Life and Status==
In ''[[A Song of Ice and Fire]]'', it is not unexpected for noblemen to have bastard children. While it is not typical for a noble to bring his bastards home and raise them with his own children, it is usually expected that he will see to the child's well-being to some degree.{{Ref|aGoT|6}} A noble-born wife has the right to take insult at her husband's bastards being introduced into her household and being commensurate in rank with her legally-born children.

Bastards whose parents are both of the nobility may be considered non-baseborn, although even a royal decree has considerable difficulty in removing the stigma of a bastard{{Ref|TSS||''Legends II'', ISBN 978-0345456441, page 97 of 73-152}} and trueborn children of a bastard might change their surnames to show their legitimate nature. For example, a legitimate son of a Waters might change his surname to Longwaters.{{Ref|aFfC|8}}<ref>[[http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/2999/ So Speak Martin]], June 26, 2001</ref>

At any point, the biological father of a bastard may acknowledge him and bring him formally into his house; for example, [[Ramsay Snow]] was acknowledged by his father, [[Roose Bolton]], and [[Edric Storm]] was acknowledged (but not fostered) by King [[Robert Baratheon]]. A more drastic measure is legitimization, a power traditionally reserved to monarchs alone. Queen [[Rhaenyra Targaryen]] legitimized the brothers [[Addam Velaryon|Addam]] and [[Alyn Velaryon|Alyn of Hull]] as heirs of Lord [[Corlys Velaryon]].<ref>''[[The Princess and the Queen]]''</ref> [[Aegon IV Targaryen]] legitimized many of his bastards of noble birth on his deathbed (the so-called [[Great Bastards]]), and, almost a century later, Ramsay Snow's official bastard status was removed by a royal decree (as a reward for the [[House Bolton|Boltons]] betraying the [[House Stark|Starks]] and bowing to the [[House Lannister|Lannisters]]) and he became the heir of House Bolton. The social stigma of his bastardy was not lifted, however. [[Robb Stark]], as [[King in the North]], planned to legitimize his bastard half-brother [[Jon Snow]] and proclaim him as his heir; however, this would only be considered valid by those who supported Robb's claim to be King in the North. Following Robb's death, [[Stannis Baratheon]], having proclaimed himself King of the Seven Kingdoms, also proposed to legitimize Snow and make him Lord of [[Winterfell]], but Jon declined Stannis's offer, electing to become [[Lord Commander of the Night's Watch]] instead.

[[Joffrey Baratheon]] was believed by [[Robert Baratheon]] to be his trueborn son, and therefore heir to [[House Baratheon]] and the [[Iron Throne]]. The revelation of Joffrey's bastardy, as the product of adultery on the part of Queen [[Cersei Lannister|Cersei]], caused his claim to the Iron Throne to be disputed after Robert's death by Robert's brother, Stannis.

Far more often a bastard is acknowledged but not legitimized. For example, [[Eddard Stark]] acknowledged Jon Snow as his son and a member of [[House Stark]], but did not legitimize him. Snow retained the bastard name of the North and the social status it conferred, and did not enter the line of succession of House Stark. Many bastards are never acknowledged and do not know who their fathers are. One example is [[Gendry]].

==Rights of Inheritance==
The baseborn have few rights under the [[Laws & Justice|law]] and [[customs|custom]] when it comes to rights of inheritance. A bastard may inherit if the father has no other trueborn children nor any other likely kin to follow him. Additionally, a bastard can inherit if he is legitimized by a royal decree. It is unclear whether a legitimized bastard would be placed in the succession according to birth order, or would be placed at the end, after the trueborn children.<Ref name="SSM The Hornwood Inheritance and the Whents">[http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/The_Hornwood_Inheritance_and_the_Whents SSM]</Ref>

Heraldic custom regarding bastards is fairly loose; bastards who take arms (noble born, knighted, etc.) often, but not always, take the [[Heraldry|coat of arms]] of their fathers with the colors reversed.{{Ref|TSS||''Legends II'', ISBN 978-0345456441, page 104 of 73-152}} A bend sinister is sometimes added, as exemplified by Ser [[Walder Rivers]]'s sigil.{{Ref|aFfC|38}} A bastard that wants to emphasize his filiation and minimize his own bastardy may decide to use the same sigil as his father, as did [[Glendon Flowers]],{{Ref|TMK|''Warriors 1'', ISBN 978-0-7653-6026-7, page 279 of 251-394}} perhaps illegally.{{Ref|THK}}{{Ref|AGOT|7}}

However, any man can be [[knight]]ed, even a bastard. A bastard may even be appointed to the [[Kingsguard]]; two such knights, [[Robert Flowers]] and [[Addison Hill]], rose to become [[Lord Commander of the Kingsguard]].{{ref|AFFC|16}} In the [[Night's Watch]], any man may rise to command, no matter the circumstances of their birth. Such were the cases of [[Cotter Pyke]], commander of [[Eastwatch-by-the-Sea]], and [[Jon Snow]] and [[Robin Hill]], who became [[Lord Commander of the Night's Watch|Lord Commander]]s.

==Social Status==
It is considered rude to pry into the origins of a man's natural children. Men say that bastards are born from lust and lies, grow up more swiftly than other children, and their nature is wanton and treacherous.<ref>I: 45, III: 830</ref>

A bastard may study at the [[Citadel]] and become a [[maester]].

===Coat of Arms===

Bastards do not have the right to use the arms of their families. The custom is thus a bastard using arms (when knighted for example) adds a distinction, called ''breaking''. This can be in the form of a color inversion on their own coats of arms, with the addition of a possible ''bend sinister''.

{| cellspacing="5" border="0" style="text-align:left;"
| [[File:House Targaryen.PNG|75px|''House Targaryen'']]
| [[File:House Blackfyre.png|75px|''House Blackfyre'']]
|Arms of [[House Blackfyre]], founded by a bastard of the [[House Targaryen]], has the colors reversed.<ref>[[The Sworn Sword]].</ref>
|}

{| cellspacing="5" border="0" style="text-align:left;"
| [[File:House Frey.png|75px|''House Frey'']]
| [[File:MiniWalder Rivers.png|75px|'' personnel arms of Walder Rivers'']]
|The personal arms of [[Walder Rivers]], bastard son of Lord [[Walder Frey]], has the Frey colors reversed and a red bend sinister added.{{ref|affc|39}}
|}

==Surnames==
Each of the nine constituent regions of the Seven Kingdoms have bastard surnames decreed by custom. Bastards with a high-born parent are given these surnames to hold them apart from their fathers' houses. The parents may give a bastard a different surname if they wish, e.g. [[Tyrion Tanner]]. Bastards with no known relation to a noble house have no surname, like other [[smallfolk]].

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Region !! Surname !! Example Character
|-
| [[The Reach|Reach]] || Flowers || [[Robert Flowers | Ser Robert Flowers]]
|-
| [[The Westerlands|Westerlands]] || Hill || [[Joy Hill]]
|-
| [[The Iron Islands|Iron Islands]] || Pyke || [[Wex Pyke]]
|-
| [[The Riverlands|Riverlands]] || Rivers || [[Walder Rivers]]
|-
| [[Dorne]] || Sand || [[Nymeria Sand]]
|-
| [[The North|North]] || Snow || [[Jon Snow]]
|-
| [[The Vale|Vale]] || Stone || [[Mya Stone]]
|-
| [[The Stormlands|Stormlands]] || Storm || [[Rolland Storm | Ser Rolland Storm]]
|-
| [[Crownlands]] || Waters || [[Aurane Waters]]
|}

As the surname is applied depending on the region where the bastard is raised, bastards who are half-siblings may have different surnames. For example, [[Robert Baratheon]]'s eldest bastard, born in the Vale, is called Mya ''Stone'' while his bastard from the Stormlands is called Edric ''Storm''.

==Notable Bastards==
'''The North'''
* [[Jon Snow]], the recognized bastard son of Lord [[Eddard Stark]] and 998th [[Lord Commander of the Night's Watch]].
* [[Ramsay Bolton]], formerly known as Ramsay Snow, the recognized and legitimised son of Lord [[Roose Bolton]]. Commonly known as the Bastard of Bolton or the Bastard of the [[Dreadfort]].
* [[Larence Snow]], the son of Lord [[Halys Hornwood]].
'''The Iron Islands'''
* [[Cotter Pyke]], a member of the Night's Watch and the current Commander of [[Eastwatch-by-the-Sea]].
* [[Wex Pyke]], the baseborn son of [[Sargon Botley]] and the squire of [[Theon Greyjoy]].
'''The Riverlands'''
* Ser [[Aegor Rivers]], better known as Bittersteel, is the recognized and legitimised son of King [[Aegon IV Targaryen]] and [[Barba Bracken]]. Founder of the [[Golden Company]].
* [[Brynden Rivers]], better known as Bloodraven, recognized and legitimised son of King [[Aegon IV Targaryen]] and [[Melissa Blackwood]]. Former [[Hand of the King]] and [[Lord Commander of the Night's Watch]].
* [[Walder Rivers]], recognized eldest bastard son of Lord [[Walder Frey]].
'''The Vale'''
* [[Mya Stone]], the eldest bastard of King [[Robert Baratheon]]. (While she is not officially recognized, she is somewhat openly known to be the king's baseborn daughter.)
* [[Alayne Stone]], the bastard daughter of [[Petyr Baelish]], actually a false identity assumed by [[Sansa Stark]].
'''The Westerlands'''
* [[Joy Hill]], the recognized daughter of [[Gerion Lannister]].
* "Sweet" [[Donnel Hill]], who claims to be a bastard of the Lannisters.
* Hugor Hill, a bastard named in analogy of the mythical [[Hugor of the Hill]], actually a false identity assumed by [[Tyrion Lannister]]
'''The Crownlands'''
* Addam of Hull, legitimised as [[Addam Velaryon]], a dragonrider and heir to [[Driftmark]].
* Alyn of Hull, legitimised as [[Alyn Velaryon]], an admiral and heir to Driftmark.
* [[Aurane Waters]], better known as the Bastard of Driftmark. He was part of Queen [[Cersei Lannister|Cersei's]] small council as the Grand Admiral and [[Master of Ships]].
* [[Humfrey Waters]] is the current Commander of the [[City Watch of King's Landing]].
* [[Gendry]], an unrecognized bastard of King [[Robert Baratheon]]. Unaware of his heritage but is the spitting image of Robert when he was young.
* [[Joffrey Baratheon|Joffrey]], [[Myrcella Baratheon|Myrcella]] and [[Tommen Baratheon]] are bastards conceived by Queen [[Cersei Lannister]] with her own twin brother, Ser [[Jaime Lannister|Jaime]], although they are commonly believed to be her legitimate children by King [[Robert Baratheon]].
'''The Reach'''
*Ser [[Robert Flowers]], a former member of the Kingsguard.
'''The Stormlands'''
*[[Edric Storm]], the acknowledged bastard son of King [[Robert Baratheon]] and [[Delena Florent]].
*Ser [[Rolland Storm]], better known as the Bastard of Nightsong, is the baseborn son of Lord [[Bryen Caron]].
'''Dorne'''
*[[Ellaria Sand]], the bastard daughter of Lord [[Harmen Uller]]. She is also the paramour of Prince [[Oberyn Martell]].
*The [[Sand Snakes]] is the collective name for the eight bastard daughters of Prince [[Oberyn Martell]], the Red Viper. They are [[Obara Sand]], [[Nymeria Sand]], [[Tyene Sand]], [[Sarella Sand]], [[Elia Sand]], [[Obella Sand]], [[Dorea Sand]] and [[Loreza Sand]].
*[[Daemon Sand]], better known as the Bastard of Godsgrace, is the bastard son of [[Ryon Allyrion]].

==Quotes==
{{Quote|Trueborn children are made in a marriage bed and blessed by [[Father (the Seven)|the Father]] and [[Mother (the Seven)|Mother]], but bastards are born of lust and weakness.{{Ref|TSS|''Legends II'', ISNB 0-00-715436-4, page 160 of 88-190}}}} - the old [[High Septon]], to King [[Maekar I Targaryen|Maekar]]

{{Quote|All bastards are born to betrayal.{{Ref|TSS|''Legends II'', ISNB 0-00-715436-4, page 160 of 88-190}}}}

{{Quote|Your mother was milking goats the first time I gave her my seed.{{Ref|aGoT|59}}}}
– [[Walder Frey]], to [[Ryger Rivers]]

{{Quote|Go away, I wanted only Freys up here, the [[Robb|King in the North]] has no interest in base stock.{{Ref|asos|49|p 560}}}}
– [[Walder Frey]], to little [[Walda Rivers (daughter of Aemon)|Walda Rivers]]

{{Quote|[[Orys Baratheon]] was a baseborn half brother to [[Aegon I Targaryen|Lord Aegon]], it was whispered, and the [[Argilac Durrandon|Storm King]] would not dishonor his daughter by giving her hand to a bastard. The very suggestion enraged him.<ref>WORLD OF ICE AND FIRE SAMPLE: [http://www.georgerrmartin.com/world-of-ice-and-fire-sample/ AEGON’S CONQUEST]</ref>}}

{{Quote|Bastard children were born from lust and lies, men said; their nature was wanton and treacherous. Once Jon had meant to prove them wrong, to show [[Ned Stark|his lord father]] he could as good a true son as [[Robb]].{{ref|asos|73}}}}
– [[Jon Snow]]

{{Quote|Well, [[Aerion Brightflame]] did not stay in [[Lys]] all his life, only a few years. He may have fathered a few [[bastard]]s there, which would mean [[Dany]] has "relatives" of a sort in Lys... but they would be very distant relatives, from the wrong side of the blanket. <ref>Many Questions. (October 14, 1998) [http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/Many_Questions/ So Spake Martin]</ref>}} - [[GRRM]]

==References and Notes==
{{References|2}}
{{EnWP|Bastard (Law of England and Wales)|small=yes}}

[[Category:Bastards| ]]
[[Category:Terms]]

[[es:Bastardía]]
[[fr:Bâtard]]
[[ru:Бастарды в Вестеросе]]

Others

2014-06-15T17:51:57Z

Urutapu: Changing to single quotes, since this whole thing is technically already within double quotes

[[File:John_Picacio_the_Others.jpg‎| The Others ‎- © 2012 John Picacio|thumb|350px|right]]

{{Quote|Demons made of snow and ice and cold...The ancient enemy. The only enemy that matters. {{Ref|aSoS|78}}}} – [[Stannis Baratheon]] describing the Others

The '''Others''', also known as '''white walkers''', are a species of humanoid beings that exist in the north [[beyond the Wall]]. At the start of ''[[A Song of Ice and Fire]]'', the Others have supposedly not been seen for eight thousand years.

==History==
: {{See also|The Long Night|Night's Watch}}

According to legend, the Others first appeared approximately 8,000 years before the [[War of Conquest]], during a winter that lasted a generation and a period of darkness known as [[the Long Night]]. Eventually they were defeated, supposedly by the [[Night's Watch]] in the [[Battle for the Dawn]], and [[the Wall]] may have been raised as a defense against them.

The [[Night's King]] appears to have married a white walker, but the Others have not been heard of again since his defeat. They are regarded south of the [[Wall]] as nothing more than fairy tales to frighten the little children. They are often mentioned in curses, such as "The Others take his eyes."{{ref|AGOT|1}}

==Recent Events==
===''A Game of Thrones''===
[[File:Waymar Others.jpg|400px|thumb|[[Waymar Royce]] discovers the Others - by Amok ©]]
During a ranging [[beyond the Wall]], Ser [[Waymar Royce]] is slain by Others. He then rises as a [[wight]] and kills [[Will]].{{ref|AGOT|Prologue}} [[Gared]] is able to escape and flee south of the [[Wall]], but he is executed for desertion by Lord [[Eddard Stark]].{{ref|AGOT|1}}

Lord Commander [[Jeor Mormont]], in conversation with [[Tyrion Lannister]] at [[Castle Black]], refers to white walkers being glimpsed by fisherfolk on the shore near [[Eastwatch-by-the-Sea]], with little concern. He does not say whether they were glimpsed on the shore north of the Wall or the shore south of it. Tyrion, unable to hold his tongue at the mention of white walkers, replies that fisherfolk of [[Lannisport]] often glimpse [[merling]]s.{{Ref|aGoT|21}} The conversation then moves to the movements of the [[wildlings]] which they consider a more pressing concern.

===''A Clash of Kings''===
At [[Craster's Keep]], [[Gilly]] tells [[Jon Snow]] that [[Craster]] gives up his infant sons to the cold gods; Jon determines she is speaking of the Others.{{ref|ACOK|23}}

===''A Storm of Swords''===
The brothers of the [[Night's Watch]] are attacked by [[wights]] in the [[Battle of the Fist of the First Men]].{{ref|ASOS|Prologue}} During the retreat back to Craster's home, [[Samwell Tarly]] kills an Other with a [[dragonglass]] dagger in the [[haunted forest]].{{ref|ASOS|18}} During the [[mutiny at Craster's Keep]], one of Craster's wives warns Sam that Craster's sons will soon arrive for [[monster|Gilly's newborn]].{{ref|ASOS|33}}

==Characteristics==
[[File:White walkers by reneaigner.jpg|thumb|300px|Other or white walker. Art by Rene Aigner©]]
[[File:White_walker_by_arkoniel.jpg|thumb|300px|Others by Mathia Arkoniel©]]
The Others appear in the prologue to ''[[A Game of Thrones]]'' as tall and gaunt with flesh pale as milk and blue eyes, deeper and bluer than human eyes, burning like ice, as bright as blue stars, and as cold. {{ref|aCoK|23}} The white walker who married the [[Night's King]] is similarly described as having skin as pale as the moon and eyes like blue stars. [[Old Nan]] declares them to be cold dead things, hating all life, but in an email to the comic-book artist Tommy Patterson [[George R. R. Martin]] wrote
{{Quote|The Others are not dead. They are strange, beautiful… think, oh… the [[w:Sidhe|Sidhe]] made of ice, something like that… a different sort of life… inhuman, elegant, dangerous. <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=i_SorqUvsOEC&lpg=PT203&ots=5oK3EkTd8Y&pg=PT203#v=onepage&q&f=false A Game of Thrones: The Graphic Novel, Volume 1] </ref>}}
They wear reflective armour that shifts in colour with every step - rather like the stealth armour once said to have been worn by the [[children of the forest]].
According to Patterson,
{{Quote|Had many talks with George. He told me of the ice swords, and the reflective, camouflaging armor that picks up the images of the things around it like a clear, still pond. He spoke a lot about what they were not, but what they were was harder to put into words.}}
The Others appear to be superior swordsmen, wielding thin crystal swords said to be so cold as to shatter any object they touch, including the steel blades favoured by the [[Night's Watch]]. {{Ref|aGoT|Prologue}} The sword of the Other that Samwell Tarly slays gleams with a faint blue glow. When the ice blue blade brushes the flames of [[Grenn]]'s torch a screech as sharp as a needle stabs Sam's ears.
When asked if he knows what substance an Other sword is made from Martin answered,
{{Quote|Ice. But not like regular old ice. The Others can do things with ice that we can't imagine and make substances of it. <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20051103091500/nrctc.edu/fhq/vol1iss3/00103009.htm/ "Interview with the Dragon" Copyright © 2003 Robert Shaw.]</ref>}}

The Others go lightly on the snow and leave no prints to mark their passage. Their movements can be lighting quick. Their [[languages|language]] is unknown, although readers have speculated that it may be the [[Old Tongue]]. When one speaks in the prologue his voice is said to sound like the cracking of ice, but this may simply have been a figure of speech. The [[wildlings]] believe the Others and their wights can smell life, or rather its warmth. [[Old Nan]] used to say that there were [[wildlings]] that would lay with the Others to birth half-human children. {{ref|aGoT|1}}{{ref|aCoK|23}}

The old stories reveal uncertainty whether the Others come when it is cold or that it becomes cold when they appear, during snowstorms or mist and melt away when the skies clear. They hide from the light of the sun and emerge at night; although once again some stories claim that their coming brings the night.

There are tales of Others riding the corpses of dead animals such as bears, direwolves, mammoths, and horses. The Other, called Puddles, that [[Samwell Tarly]] slays is riding [[Mawney]]’s dead horse. Hoarfrost covers it like a sheen of frozen sweat, and a nest of stiff black entrails drag from its open belly. On its back is a rider as pale as ice. The Others can be accompanied by "[[giant ice spiders]]" as big as hounds.{{ref|AFFC|5}}

[[Melisandre]] thinks that Others are servants of the [[Great Other]], allegedly an evil god of darkness, cold, and death who wages eternal war against [[R'hllor]].

As the [[wildlings]] are passing through [[the Wall]] to settle on the [[Gift]], Lord Commander of the Night's Watch [[Jon Snow]] asks [[Tormund Giantsbane]] to tell him of their foe, the Others. He tells him he wants to know all there is to know of the Others.

Tormund is plainly uncomfortable with the mention of the Others; he tells Jon that he does not want to discuss them, not here, not on the northern side of the Wall. He then glances uneasily towards the trees in their snowy white mantles. He says to Jon:
{{Quote|They’re never far, you know. They won’t come out by day, not when that old sun’s shining, but don’t think that means they went away. Shadows never go away. Might be you don’t see them, but they’re always clinging to your heels. {{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}
Jon asks if the Others troubled the wildlings on their way to the Wall.
Tormund informs him that they never came in force, if that’s what Jon is meaning, but they were with them all the same, nibbling at their edges. They lost more outriders than he cares to think about, and it was worth your life to fall behind or wander off. Every nightfall they would ring their camps with fire. Tormund says they don’t like fire much:
{{Quote|When the snows came though…snow and sleet and freezing rain, its bloody hard to find dry wood or get your kindling lit, and the cold…some nights our fires just seemed to shrivel up and die. Nights like that, you always find some dead come the morning. ‘Less they find you first.{{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}
He says to Jon:
{{Quote|A man can fight the dead, but when their masters come, when the white mists rise up … how do you fights a mist crow? Shadows with teeth … air so cold it hurts to breath, like a knife inside your chest … you do not know, you cannot know … can your sword cut cold? {{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}

==Weakness==
[[File:Samwell Dragonglass.jpg|400px|thumb|[[Samwell Tarly]] with an obsidian dagger - by Amok ©]]
The Others have a few known weaknesses that are recorded in ancient texts. One is obsidian, otherwise called [[dragonglass]] or "frozen fire". When [[Samwell Tarly]] accidentally stabs an Other with an obsidian dagger, its flesh and bones melt away leaving only an icy puddle. Ancient texts also record a weakness to "dragonsteel", which several have taken to be [[Valyrian steel]]. [[Mance Rayder]] expresses belief that magic wards in the [[Wall]] prevent the Others from crossing into the Seven Kingdoms.

After listening to [[Tormund]]’s words [[Jon Snow]] remembers all the things that Sam had told him, the things he’d found in his old books. He thinks to himself that [[Longclaw]] had been forged in the fires of old Valyria, forged in dragonflame and set with spells. ''Dragonsteel'', Sam had called it. Stronger than any common steel, lighter, harder, sharper … But he thinks that words in a book were one thing. He knows that the true test comes in battle.

==Wights==
:{{main|wights}}
[[Wights]] are dead men or creatures raised up by the Others, seemingly when touched by the cold that accompanies them. {{Ref|aGoT|52}} They are thralls to the Others. Men who fall in battle against the Others must be burned, or else the dead will rise again as their thralls.

==TV series==
[[File:Other HBO WhiteWalker.jpg|thumb|300px|White Walker as depicted in the [[Game of Thrones|TV series]]]]

The Others are known only as White Walkers in the [[Game of Thrones|TV series]]. Unlike the strange beauty Martin describes them as having in the book series, they are depicted with frightening, emaciated appearances. They also lack the camouflage armor from the books; most wear little armor, and whatever protection they do wear is black. Their spoken language is called [[Skroth]], which resembles the cracking of ice.

While "the Others" appears in early drafts of the pilot episode's script, "White Walkers" was ultimately settled upon for the final version of the TV series. In the audio commentary for "[[Winter Is Coming]]", producers David Benioff and D.B. Weiss explained that the change was made to avoid confusion that may arise between references to the race known as the Others and "others" meaning other groups or people within the show. Benioff and Weiss explain:

{{Quote|We call them White Walkers in the show, more often known as the Others in the books and the reason for the change is simply that people would refer to 'the Others' and viewers who didn’t know the books would think: 'Which others are we talking about? The other whats?'}}

==Quotes==
{{Quote|The Others are as dead as the [[children of the forest]] , gone eight thousand years. Maester [[Luwin]] will tell you they never lived at all. No living man has ever seen one. {{Ref|aGoT|2}}}}
– [[Eddard Stark]] to [[Catelyn Stark]]

{{Quote|The Others are only a story, a tale to make children shiver. If they ever lived at all, they are gone eight thousand years. {{Ref|agot|52}}}} – [[Jon Snow]]

{{Quote|If the Others ever come for us, I pray they have archers, because you lot are fit for nothing more than arrow fodder. {{Ref|aGoT|19}}}}
– [[Alliser Thorne]]

{{quote|The cold gods. The ones in the night. The white shadows.{{ref|ACOK|23}}}} - [[Gilly]] to [[Jon Snow]]

==References and Notes==
{{References|2}}
{{EnWP|Night's Watch|small=yes}}
{{Template:Creatures}}

[[Category:Sentient species]]
[[Category:Beyond the Wall]]

[[es:Otros]]
[[fa:آدرها]]
[[fr:Autres]]
[[pt:Outros]]
[[ru:Иные]]
[[zh:异鬼]]

Others

2014-06-12T18:11:36Z

Urutapu: /* TV series */

[[File:John_Picacio_the_Others.jpg‎| The Others ‎- © 2012 John Picacio|thumb|350px|right]]

{{Quote|Demons made of snow and ice and cold...The ancient enemy. The only enemy that matters. {{Ref|aSoS|78}}}} – [[Stannis Baratheon]] describing the Others

The '''Others''', also known as '''white walkers''', are a species of humanoid beings that exist in the north [[beyond the Wall]]. At the start of ''[[A Song of Ice and Fire]]'', the Others have supposedly not been seen for eight thousand years.

==History==
: {{See also|The Long Night|Night's Watch}}

According to legend, the Others first appeared approximately 8,000 years before the [[War of Conquest]], during a winter that lasted a generation and a period of darkness known as [[the Long Night]]. Eventually they were defeated, supposedly by the [[Night's Watch]] in the [[Battle for the Dawn]], and [[the Wall]] may have been raised as a defense against them.

The [[Night's King]] appears to have married a white walker, but the Others have not been heard of again since his defeat. They are regarded south of the [[Wall]] as nothing more than fairy tales to frighten the little children. They are often mentioned in curses, such as "The Others take his eyes."{{ref|AGOT|1}}

==Recent Events==
===''A Game of Thrones''===
[[File:Waymar Others.jpg|400px|thumb|[[Waymar Royce]] discovers the Others - by Amok ©]]
During a ranging [[beyond the Wall]], Ser [[Waymar Royce]] is slain by Others. He then rises as a [[wight]] and kills [[Will]].{{ref|AGOT|Prologue}} [[Gared]] is able to escape and flee south of the [[Wall]], but he is executed for desertion by Lord [[Eddard Stark]].{{ref|AGOT|1}}

Lord Commander [[Jeor Mormont]], in conversation with [[Tyrion Lannister]] at [[Castle Black]], refers to white walkers being glimpsed by fisherfolk on the shore near [[Eastwatch-by-the-Sea]], with little concern. He does not say whether they were glimpsed on the shore north of the Wall or the shore south of it. Tyrion, unable to hold his tongue at the mention of white walkers, replies that fisherfolk of [[Lannisport]] often glimpse [[merling]]s.{{Ref|aGoT|21}} The conversation then moves to the movements of the [[wildlings]] which they consider a more pressing concern.

===''A Clash of Kings''===
At [[Craster's Keep]], [[Gilly]] tells [[Jon Snow]] that [[Craster]] gives up his infant sons to the cold gods; Jon determines she is speaking of the Others.{{ref|ACOK|23}}

===''A Storm of Swords''===
The brothers of the [[Night's Watch]] are attacked by [[wights]] in the [[Battle of the Fist of the First Men]].{{ref|ASOS|Prologue}} During the retreat back to Craster's home, [[Samwell Tarly]] kills an Other with a [[dragonglass]] dagger in the [[haunted forest]].{{ref|ASOS|18}} During the [[mutiny at Craster's Keep]], one of Craster's wives warns Sam that Craster's sons will soon arrive for [[monster|Gilly's newborn]].{{ref|ASOS|33}}

==Characteristics==
[[File:White walkers by reneaigner.jpg|thumb|300px|Other or white walker. Art by Rene Aigner©]]
[[File:White_walker_by_arkoniel.jpg|thumb|300px|Others by Mathia Arkoniel©]]
The Others appear in the prologue to ''[[A Game of Thrones]]'' as tall and gaunt with flesh pale as milk and blue eyes, deeper and bluer than human eyes, burning like ice, as bright as blue stars, and as cold. {{ref|aCoK|23}} The white walker who married the [[Night's King]] is similarly described as having skin as pale as the moon and eyes like blue stars. [[Old Nan]] declares them to be cold dead things, hating all life, but in an email to the comic-book artist Tommy Patterson [[George R. R. Martin]] wrote
{{Quote|The Others are not dead. They are strange, beautiful… think, oh… the [[w:Sidhe|Sidhe]] made of ice, something like that… a different sort of life… inhuman, elegant, dangerous. <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=i_SorqUvsOEC&lpg=PT203&ots=5oK3EkTd8Y&pg=PT203#v=onepage&q&f=false A Game of Thrones: The Graphic Novel, Volume 1] </ref>}}
They wear reflective armour that shifts in colour with every step - rather like the stealth armour once said to have been worn by the [[children of the forest]].
According to Patterson,
{{Quote|Had many talks with George. He told me of the ice swords, and the reflective, camouflaging armor that picks up the images of the things around it like a clear, still pond. He spoke a lot about what they were not, but what they were was harder to put into words.}}
The Others appear to be superior swordsmen, wielding thin crystal swords said to be so cold as to shatter any object they touch, including the steel blades favoured by the [[Night's Watch]]. {{Ref|aGoT|Prologue}} The sword of the Other that Samwell Tarly slays gleams with a faint blue glow. When the ice blue blade brushes the flames of [[Grenn]]'s torch a screech as sharp as a needle stabs Sam's ears.
When asked if he knows what substance an Other sword is made from Martin answered,
{{Quote|Ice. But not like regular old ice. The Others can do things with ice that we can't imagine and make substances of it. <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20051103091500/nrctc.edu/fhq/vol1iss3/00103009.htm/ "Interview with the Dragon" Copyright © 2003 Robert Shaw.]</ref>}}

The Others go lightly on the snow and leave no prints to mark their passage. Their movements can be lighting quick. Their [[languages|language]] is unknown, although readers have speculated that it may be the [[Old Tongue]]. When one speaks in the prologue his voice is said to sound like the cracking of ice, but this may simply have been a figure of speech. The [[wildlings]] believe the Others and their wights can smell life, or rather its warmth. [[Old Nan]] used to say that there were [[wildlings]] that would lay with the Others to birth half-human children. {{ref|aGoT|1}}{{ref|aCoK|23}}

The old stories reveal uncertainty whether the Others come when it is cold or that it becomes cold when they appear, during snowstorms or mist and melt away when the skies clear. They hide from the light of the sun and emerge at night; although once again some stories claim that their coming brings the night.

There are tales of Others riding the corpses of dead animals such as bears, direwolves, mammoths, and horses. The Other, called Puddles, that [[Samwell Tarly]] slays is riding [[Mawney]]’s dead horse. Hoarfrost covers it like a sheen of frozen sweat, and a nest of stiff black entrails drag from its open belly. On its back is a rider as pale as ice. The Others can be accompanied by "[[giant ice spiders]]" as big as hounds.{{ref|AFFC|5}}

[[Melisandre]] thinks that Others are servants of the [[Great Other]], allegedly an evil god of darkness, cold, and death who wages eternal war against [[R'hllor]].

As the [[wildlings]] are passing through [[the Wall]] to settle on the [[Gift]], Lord Commander of the Night's Watch [[Jon Snow]] asks [[Tormund Giantsbane]] to tell him of their foe, the Others. He tells him he wants to know all there is to know of the Others.

Tormund is plainly uncomfortable with the mention of the Others; he tells Jon that he does not want to discuss them, not here, not on the northern side of the Wall. He then glances uneasily towards the trees in their snowy white mantles. He says to Jon:
{{Quote|They’re never far, you know. They won’t come out by day, not when that old sun’s shining, but don’t think that means they went away. Shadows never go away. Might be you don’t see them, but they’re always clinging to your heels. {{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}
Jon asks if the Others troubled the wildlings on their way to the Wall.
Tormund informs him that they never came in force, if that’s what Jon is meaning, but they were with them all the same, nibbling at their edges. They lost more outriders than he cares to think about, and it was worth your life to fall behind or wander off. Every nightfall they would ring their camps with fire. Tormund says they don’t like fire much:
{{Quote|When the snows came though…snow and sleet and freezing rain, its bloody hard to find dry wood or get your kindling lit, and the cold…some nights our fires just seemed to shrivel up and die. Nights like that, you always find some dead come the morning. ‘Less they find you first.{{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}
He says to Jon:
{{Quote|A man can fight the dead, but when their masters come, when the white mists rise up … how do you fights a mist crow? Shadows with teeth … air so cold it hurts to breath, like a knife inside your chest … you do not know, you cannot know … can your sword cut cold? {{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}

==Weakness==
[[File:Samwell Dragonglass.jpg|400px|thumb|[[Samwell Tarly]] with an obsidian dagger - by Amok ©]]
The Others have a few known weaknesses that are recorded in ancient texts. One is obsidian, otherwise called [[dragonglass]] or "frozen fire". When [[Samwell Tarly]] accidentally stabs an Other with an obsidian dagger, its flesh and bones melt away leaving only an icy puddle. Ancient texts also record a weakness to "dragonsteel", which several have taken to be [[Valyrian steel]]. [[Mance Rayder]] expresses belief that magic wards in the [[Wall]] prevent the Others from crossing into the Seven Kingdoms.

After listening to [[Tormund]]’s words [[Jon Snow]] remembers all the things that Sam had told him, the things he’d found in his old books. He thinks to himself that [[Longclaw]] had been forged in the fires of old Valyria, forged in dragonflame and set with spells. ''Dragonsteel'', Sam had called it. Stronger than any common steel, lighter, harder, sharper … But he thinks that words in a book were one thing. He knows that the true test comes in battle.

==Wights==
:{{main|wights}}
[[Wights]] are dead men or creatures raised up by the Others, seemingly when touched by the cold that accompanies them. {{Ref|aGoT|52}} They are thralls to the Others. Men who fall in battle against the Others must be burned, or else the dead will rise again as their thralls.

==TV series==
[[File:Other HBO WhiteWalker.jpg|thumb|300px|White Walker as depicted in the [[Game of Thrones|TV series]]]]

The Others are known only as White Walkers in the [[Game of Thrones|TV series]]. Unlike the strange beauty Martin describes them as having in the book series, they are depicted with frightening, emaciated appearances. They also lack the camouflage armor from the books; most wear little armor, and whatever protection they do wear is black. Their spoken language is called [[Skroth]], which resembles the cracking of ice.

While "the Others" appears in early drafts of the pilot episode's script, "White Walkers" was ultimately settled upon for the final version of the TV series. In the audio commentary for "[[Winter Is Coming]]", producers David Benioff and D.B. Weiss explained that the change was made to avoid confusion that may arise between references to the race known as the Others and "others" meaning other groups or people within the show. Benioff and Weiss explain:

{{Quote|We call them White Walkers in the show, more often known as the Others in the books and the reason for the change is simply that people would refer to 'the Others' and viewers who didn’t know the books would think: "Which others are we talking about? The other whats?"}}

==Quotes==
{{Quote|The Others are as dead as the [[children of the forest]] , gone eight thousand years. Maester [[Luwin]] will tell you they never lived at all. No living man has ever seen one. {{Ref|aGoT|2}}}}
– [[Eddard Stark]] to [[Catelyn Stark]]

{{Quote|The Others are only a story, a tale to make children shiver. If they ever lived at all, they are gone eight thousand years. {{Ref|agot|52}}}} – [[Jon Snow]]

{{Quote|If the Others ever come for us, I pray they have archers, because you lot are fit for nothing more than arrow fodder. {{Ref|aGoT|19}}}}
– [[Alliser Thorne]]

{{quote|The cold gods. The ones in the night. The white shadows.{{ref|ACOK|23}}}} - [[Gilly]] to [[Jon Snow]]

==References and Notes==
{{References|2}}
{{EnWP|Night's Watch|small=yes}}
{{Template:Creatures}}

[[Category:Sentient species]]
[[Category:Beyond the Wall]]

[[es:Otros]]
[[fa:آدرها]]
[[fr:Autres]]
[[pt:Outros]]
[[ru:Иные]]
[[zh:异鬼]]

Others

2014-06-12T18:10:01Z

Urutapu:

[[File:John_Picacio_the_Others.jpg‎| The Others ‎- © 2012 John Picacio|thumb|350px|right]]

{{Quote|Demons made of snow and ice and cold...The ancient enemy. The only enemy that matters. {{Ref|aSoS|78}}}} – [[Stannis Baratheon]] describing the Others

The '''Others''', also known as '''white walkers''', are a species of humanoid beings that exist in the north [[beyond the Wall]]. At the start of ''[[A Song of Ice and Fire]]'', the Others have supposedly not been seen for eight thousand years.

==History==
: {{See also|The Long Night|Night's Watch}}

According to legend, the Others first appeared approximately 8,000 years before the [[War of Conquest]], during a winter that lasted a generation and a period of darkness known as [[the Long Night]]. Eventually they were defeated, supposedly by the [[Night's Watch]] in the [[Battle for the Dawn]], and [[the Wall]] may have been raised as a defense against them.

The [[Night's King]] appears to have married a white walker, but the Others have not been heard of again since his defeat. They are regarded south of the [[Wall]] as nothing more than fairy tales to frighten the little children. They are often mentioned in curses, such as "The Others take his eyes."{{ref|AGOT|1}}

==Recent Events==
===''A Game of Thrones''===
[[File:Waymar Others.jpg|400px|thumb|[[Waymar Royce]] discovers the Others - by Amok ©]]
During a ranging [[beyond the Wall]], Ser [[Waymar Royce]] is slain by Others. He then rises as a [[wight]] and kills [[Will]].{{ref|AGOT|Prologue}} [[Gared]] is able to escape and flee south of the [[Wall]], but he is executed for desertion by Lord [[Eddard Stark]].{{ref|AGOT|1}}

Lord Commander [[Jeor Mormont]], in conversation with [[Tyrion Lannister]] at [[Castle Black]], refers to white walkers being glimpsed by fisherfolk on the shore near [[Eastwatch-by-the-Sea]], with little concern. He does not say whether they were glimpsed on the shore north of the Wall or the shore south of it. Tyrion, unable to hold his tongue at the mention of white walkers, replies that fisherfolk of [[Lannisport]] often glimpse [[merling]]s.{{Ref|aGoT|21}} The conversation then moves to the movements of the [[wildlings]] which they consider a more pressing concern.

===''A Clash of Kings''===
At [[Craster's Keep]], [[Gilly]] tells [[Jon Snow]] that [[Craster]] gives up his infant sons to the cold gods; Jon determines she is speaking of the Others.{{ref|ACOK|23}}

===''A Storm of Swords''===
The brothers of the [[Night's Watch]] are attacked by [[wights]] in the [[Battle of the Fist of the First Men]].{{ref|ASOS|Prologue}} During the retreat back to Craster's home, [[Samwell Tarly]] kills an Other with a [[dragonglass]] dagger in the [[haunted forest]].{{ref|ASOS|18}} During the [[mutiny at Craster's Keep]], one of Craster's wives warns Sam that Craster's sons will soon arrive for [[monster|Gilly's newborn]].{{ref|ASOS|33}}

==Characteristics==
[[File:White walkers by reneaigner.jpg|thumb|300px|Other or white walker. Art by Rene Aigner©]]
[[File:White_walker_by_arkoniel.jpg|thumb|300px|Others by Mathia Arkoniel©]]
The Others appear in the prologue to ''[[A Game of Thrones]]'' as tall and gaunt with flesh pale as milk and blue eyes, deeper and bluer than human eyes, burning like ice, as bright as blue stars, and as cold. {{ref|aCoK|23}} The white walker who married the [[Night's King]] is similarly described as having skin as pale as the moon and eyes like blue stars. [[Old Nan]] declares them to be cold dead things, hating all life, but in an email to the comic-book artist Tommy Patterson [[George R. R. Martin]] wrote
{{Quote|The Others are not dead. They are strange, beautiful… think, oh… the [[w:Sidhe|Sidhe]] made of ice, something like that… a different sort of life… inhuman, elegant, dangerous. <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=i_SorqUvsOEC&lpg=PT203&ots=5oK3EkTd8Y&pg=PT203#v=onepage&q&f=false A Game of Thrones: The Graphic Novel, Volume 1] </ref>}}
They wear reflective armour that shifts in colour with every step - rather like the stealth armour once said to have been worn by the [[children of the forest]].
According to Patterson,
{{Quote|Had many talks with George. He told me of the ice swords, and the reflective, camouflaging armor that picks up the images of the things around it like a clear, still pond. He spoke a lot about what they were not, but what they were was harder to put into words.}}
The Others appear to be superior swordsmen, wielding thin crystal swords said to be so cold as to shatter any object they touch, including the steel blades favoured by the [[Night's Watch]]. {{Ref|aGoT|Prologue}} The sword of the Other that Samwell Tarly slays gleams with a faint blue glow. When the ice blue blade brushes the flames of [[Grenn]]'s torch a screech as sharp as a needle stabs Sam's ears.
When asked if he knows what substance an Other sword is made from Martin answered,
{{Quote|Ice. But not like regular old ice. The Others can do things with ice that we can't imagine and make substances of it. <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20051103091500/nrctc.edu/fhq/vol1iss3/00103009.htm/ "Interview with the Dragon" Copyright © 2003 Robert Shaw.]</ref>}}

The Others go lightly on the snow and leave no prints to mark their passage. Their movements can be lighting quick. Their [[languages|language]] is unknown, although readers have speculated that it may be the [[Old Tongue]]. When one speaks in the prologue his voice is said to sound like the cracking of ice, but this may simply have been a figure of speech. The [[wildlings]] believe the Others and their wights can smell life, or rather its warmth. [[Old Nan]] used to say that there were [[wildlings]] that would lay with the Others to birth half-human children. {{ref|aGoT|1}}{{ref|aCoK|23}}

The old stories reveal uncertainty whether the Others come when it is cold or that it becomes cold when they appear, during snowstorms or mist and melt away when the skies clear. They hide from the light of the sun and emerge at night; although once again some stories claim that their coming brings the night.

There are tales of Others riding the corpses of dead animals such as bears, direwolves, mammoths, and horses. The Other, called Puddles, that [[Samwell Tarly]] slays is riding [[Mawney]]’s dead horse. Hoarfrost covers it like a sheen of frozen sweat, and a nest of stiff black entrails drag from its open belly. On its back is a rider as pale as ice. The Others can be accompanied by "[[giant ice spiders]]" as big as hounds.{{ref|AFFC|5}}

[[Melisandre]] thinks that Others are servants of the [[Great Other]], allegedly an evil god of darkness, cold, and death who wages eternal war against [[R'hllor]].

As the [[wildlings]] are passing through [[the Wall]] to settle on the [[Gift]], Lord Commander of the Night's Watch [[Jon Snow]] asks [[Tormund Giantsbane]] to tell him of their foe, the Others. He tells him he wants to know all there is to know of the Others.

Tormund is plainly uncomfortable with the mention of the Others; he tells Jon that he does not want to discuss them, not here, not on the northern side of the Wall. He then glances uneasily towards the trees in their snowy white mantles. He says to Jon:
{{Quote|They’re never far, you know. They won’t come out by day, not when that old sun’s shining, but don’t think that means they went away. Shadows never go away. Might be you don’t see them, but they’re always clinging to your heels. {{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}
Jon asks if the Others troubled the wildlings on their way to the Wall.
Tormund informs him that they never came in force, if that’s what Jon is meaning, but they were with them all the same, nibbling at their edges. They lost more outriders than he cares to think about, and it was worth your life to fall behind or wander off. Every nightfall they would ring their camps with fire. Tormund says they don’t like fire much:
{{Quote|When the snows came though…snow and sleet and freezing rain, its bloody hard to find dry wood or get your kindling lit, and the cold…some nights our fires just seemed to shrivel up and die. Nights like that, you always find some dead come the morning. ‘Less they find you first.{{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}
He says to Jon:
{{Quote|A man can fight the dead, but when their masters come, when the white mists rise up … how do you fights a mist crow? Shadows with teeth … air so cold it hurts to breath, like a knife inside your chest … you do not know, you cannot know … can your sword cut cold? {{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}

==Weakness==
[[File:Samwell Dragonglass.jpg|400px|thumb|[[Samwell Tarly]] with an obsidian dagger - by Amok ©]]
The Others have a few known weaknesses that are recorded in ancient texts. One is obsidian, otherwise called [[dragonglass]] or "frozen fire". When [[Samwell Tarly]] accidentally stabs an Other with an obsidian dagger, its flesh and bones melt away leaving only an icy puddle. Ancient texts also record a weakness to "dragonsteel", which several have taken to be [[Valyrian steel]]. [[Mance Rayder]] expresses belief that magic wards in the [[Wall]] prevent the Others from crossing into the Seven Kingdoms.

After listening to [[Tormund]]’s words [[Jon Snow]] remembers all the things that Sam had told him, the things he’d found in his old books. He thinks to himself that [[Longclaw]] had been forged in the fires of old Valyria, forged in dragonflame and set with spells. ''Dragonsteel'', Sam had called it. Stronger than any common steel, lighter, harder, sharper … But he thinks that words in a book were one thing. He knows that the true test comes in battle.

==Wights==
:{{main|wights}}
[[Wights]] are dead men or creatures raised up by the Others, seemingly when touched by the cold that accompanies them. {{Ref|aGoT|52}} They are thralls to the Others. Men who fall in battle against the Others must be burned, or else the dead will rise again as their thralls.

==TV series==
[[File:Other HBO WhiteWalker.jpg|thumb|300px|White Walker as depicted in the [[Game of Thrones|TV series]]]]

The Others are known only as White Walkers in the [[Game of Thrones|TV series]]. Unlike the strange beauty Martin describes them as having in the book series, they are depicted with frightening, emaciated appearances. They also lack the camouflage armor from the books; most wear little armor, which is black. Their spoken language is called [[Skroth]], which resembles the cracking of ice.

While "the Others" appears in early drafts of the pilot episode's script, "White Walkers" was ultimately settled upon for the final version of the TV series. In the audio commentary for "[[Winter Is Coming]]", producers David Benioff and D.B. Weiss explained that the change was made to avoid confusion that may arise between references to the race known as the Others and "others" meaning other groups or people within the show. Benioff and Weiss explain:
{{Quote|We call them White Walkers in the show, more often known as the Others in the books and the reason for the change is simply that people would refer to 'the Others' and viewers who didn’t know the books would think: "Which others are we talking about? The other whats?"}}

==Quotes==
{{Quote|The Others are as dead as the [[children of the forest]] , gone eight thousand years. Maester [[Luwin]] will tell you they never lived at all. No living man has ever seen one. {{Ref|aGoT|2}}}}
– [[Eddard Stark]] to [[Catelyn Stark]]

{{Quote|The Others are only a story, a tale to make children shiver. If they ever lived at all, they are gone eight thousand years. {{Ref|agot|52}}}} – [[Jon Snow]]

{{Quote|If the Others ever come for us, I pray they have archers, because you lot are fit for nothing more than arrow fodder. {{Ref|aGoT|19}}}}
– [[Alliser Thorne]]

{{quote|The cold gods. The ones in the night. The white shadows.{{ref|ACOK|23}}}} - [[Gilly]] to [[Jon Snow]]

==References and Notes==
{{References|2}}
{{EnWP|Night's Watch|small=yes}}
{{Template:Creatures}}

[[Category:Sentient species]]
[[Category:Beyond the Wall]]

[[es:Otros]]
[[fa:آدرها]]
[[fr:Autres]]
[[pt:Outros]]
[[ru:Иные]]
[[zh:异鬼]]

Others

2014-06-12T04:11:06Z

Urutapu: /* TV series */

[[File:John_Picacio_the_Others.jpg‎| The Others ‎- © 2012 John Picacio|thumb|350px|right]]

{{Quote|Demons made of snow and ice and cold...The ancient enemy. The only enemy that matters. {{Ref|aSoS|78}}}} – [[Stannis Baratheon]] describing the Others

The '''Others''', also known as '''white walkers''', are a species of humanoid beings that exist in the north [[beyond the Wall]]. At the start of ''[[A Song of Ice and Fire]]'', the Others have supposedly not been seen for eight thousand years.

==History==
: {{See also|The Long Night|Night's Watch}}

According to legend, the Others first appeared approximately 8,000 years before the [[War of Conquest]], during a winter that lasted a generation and a period of darkness known as [[the Long Night]]. Eventually they were defeated, supposedly by the [[Night's Watch]] in the [[Battle for the Dawn]], and [[the Wall]] may have been raised as a defense against them.

The [[Night's King]] appears to have married a white walker, but the Others have not been heard of again since his defeat. They are regarded south of the [[Wall]] as nothing more than fairy tales to frighten the little children. They are often mentioned in curses, such as "The Others take his eyes."{{ref|AGOT|1}}

==Recent Events==
===''A Game of Thrones''===
[[File:Waymar Others.jpg|400px|thumb|[[Waymar Royce]] discovers the Others - by Amok ©]]
During a ranging [[beyond the Wall]], Ser [[Waymar Royce]] is slain by Others. He then rises as a [[wight]] and kills [[Will]].{{ref|AGOT|Prologue}} [[Gared]] is able to escape and flee south of the [[Wall]], but he is executed for desertion by Lord [[Eddard Stark]].{{ref|AGOT|1}}

Lord Commander [[Jeor Mormont]], in conversation with [[Tyrion Lannister]] at [[Castle Black]], refers to white walkers being glimpsed by fisherfolk on the shore near [[Eastwatch-by-the-Sea]], with little concern. He does not say whether they were glimpsed on the shore north of the Wall or the shore south of it. Tyrion, unable to hold his tongue at the mention of white walkers, replies that fisherfolk of [[Lannisport]] often glimpse [[merling]]s.{{Ref|aGoT|21}} The conversation then moves to the movements of the [[wildlings]] which they consider a more pressing concern.

===''A Clash of Kings''===
At [[Craster's Keep]], [[Gilly]] tells [[Jon Snow]] that [[Craster]] gives up his infant sons to the cold gods; Jon determines she is speaking of the Others.{{ref|ACOK|23}}

===''A Storm of Swords''===
The brothers of the [[Night's Watch]] are attacked by [[wights]] in the [[Battle of the Fist of the First Men]].{{ref|ASOS|Prologue}} During the retreat back to Craster's home, [[Samwell Tarly]] kills an Other with a [[dragonglass]] dagger in the [[haunted forest]].{{ref|ASOS|18}} During the [[mutiny at Craster's Keep]], one of Craster's wives warns Sam that Craster's sons will soon arrive for [[monster|Gilly's newborn]].{{ref|ASOS|33}}

==Characteristics==
[[File:White walkers by reneaigner.jpg|thumb|300px|Other or white walker. Art by Rene Aigner©]]
[[File:White_walker_by_arkoniel.jpg|thumb|300px|Others by Mathia Arkoniel©]]
The Others appear in the prologue to ''[[A Game of Thrones]]'' as tall and gaunt with flesh pale as milk and blue eyes, deeper and bluer than human eyes, burning like ice, as bright as blue stars, and as cold. {{ref|aCoK|23}} The white walker who married the [[Night's King]] is similarly described as having skin as pale as the moon and eyes like blue stars. [[Old Nan]] declares them to be cold dead things, hating all life, but in an email to the comic-book artist Tommy Patterson [[George R. R. Martin]] wrote
{{Quote|The Others are not dead. They are strange, beautiful… think, oh… the [[w:Sidhe|Sidhe]] made of ice, something like that… a different sort of life… inhuman, elegant, dangerous. <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=i_SorqUvsOEC&lpg=PT203&ots=5oK3EkTd8Y&pg=PT203#v=onepage&q&f=false A Game of Thrones: The Graphic Novel, Volume 1] </ref>}}
They wear reflective armour that shifts in colour with every step - rather like the stealth armour once said to have been worn by the [[children of the forest]].
According to Patterson,
{{Quote|Had many talks with George. He told me of the ice swords, and the reflective, camouflaging armor that picks up the images of the things around it like a clear, still pond. He spoke a lot about what they were not, but what they were was harder to put into words.}}
The Others appear to be superior swordsmen, wielding thin crystal swords said to be so cold as to shatter any object they touch, including the steel blades favoured by the [[Night's Watch]]. {{Ref|aGoT|Prologue}} The sword of the Other that Samwell Tarly slays gleams with a faint blue glow. When the ice blue blade brushes the flames of [[Grenn]]'s torch a screech as sharp as a needle stabs Sam's ears.
When asked if he knows what substance an Other sword is made from Martin answered,
{{Quote|Ice. But not like regular old ice. The Others can do things with ice that we can't imagine and make substances of it. <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20051103091500/nrctc.edu/fhq/vol1iss3/00103009.htm/ "Interview with the Dragon" Copyright © 2003 Robert Shaw.]</ref>}}

The Others go lightly on the snow and leave no prints to mark their passage. Their movements can be lighting quick. Their [[languages|language]] is unknown, although readers have speculated that it may be the [[Old Tongue]]. When one speaks in the prologue his voice is said to sound like the cracking of ice, but this may simply have been a figure of speech. The [[wildlings]] believe the Others and their wights can smell life, or rather its warmth. [[Old Nan]] used to say that there were [[wildlings]] that would lay with the Others to birth half-human children. {{ref|aGoT|1}}{{ref|aCoK|23}}

The old stories reveal uncertainty whether the Others come when it is cold or that it becomes cold when they appear, during snowstorms or mist and melt away when the skies clear. They hide from the light of the sun and emerge at night; although once again some stories claim that their coming brings the night.

There are tales of Others riding the corpses of dead animals such as bears, direwolves, mammoths, and horses. The Other, called Puddles, that [[Samwell Tarly]] slays is riding [[Mawney]]’s dead horse. Hoarfrost covers it like a sheen of frozen sweat, and a nest of stiff black entrails drag from its open belly. On its back is a rider as pale as ice. The Others can be accompanied by "[[giant ice spiders]]" as big as hounds.{{ref|AFFC|5}}

[[Melisandre]] thinks that Others are servants of the [[Great Other]], allegedly an evil god of darkness, cold, and death who wages eternal war against [[R'hllor]].

As the [[wildlings]] are passing through [[the Wall]] to settle on the [[Gift]], Lord Commander of the Night's Watch [[Jon Snow]] asks [[Tormund Giantsbane]] to tell him of their foe, the Others. He tells him he wants to know all there is to know of the Others.

Tormund is plainly uncomfortable with the mention of the Others; he tells Jon that he does not want to discuss them, not here, not on the northern side of the Wall. He then glances uneasily towards the trees in their snowy white mantles. He says to Jon:
{{Quote|They’re never far, you know. They won’t come out by day, not when that old sun’s shining, but don’t think that means they went away. Shadows never go away. Might be you don’t see them, but they’re always clinging to your heels. {{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}
Jon asks if the Others troubled the wildlings on their way to the Wall.
Tormund informs him that they never came in force, if that’s what Jon is meaning, but they were with them all the same, nibbling at their edges. They lost more outriders than he cares to think about, and it was worth your life to fall behind or wander off. Every nightfall they would ring their camps with fire. Tormund says they don’t like fire much:
{{Quote|When the snows came though…snow and sleet and freezing rain, its bloody hard to find dry wood or get your kindling lit, and the cold…some nights our fires just seemed to shrivel up and die. Nights like that, you always find some dead come the morning. ‘Less they find you first.{{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}
He says to Jon:
{{Quote|A man can fight the dead, but when their masters come, when the white mists rise up … how do you fights a mist crow? Shadows with teeth … air so cold it hurts to breath, like a knife inside your chest … you do not know, you cannot know … can your sword cut cold? {{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}

==Weakness==
[[File:Samwell Dragonglass.jpg|400px|thumb|[[Samwell Tarly]] with an obsidian dagger - by Amok ©]]
The Others have a few known weaknesses that are recorded in ancient texts. One is obsidian, otherwise called [[dragonglass]] or "frozen fire". When [[Samwell Tarly]] accidentally stabs an Other with an obsidian dagger, its flesh and bones melt away leaving only an icy puddle. Ancient texts also record a weakness to "dragonsteel", which several have taken to be [[Valyrian steel]]. [[Mance Rayder]] expresses belief that magic wards in the [[Wall]] prevent the Others from crossing into the Seven Kingdoms.

After listening to [[Tormund]]’s words [[Jon Snow]] remembers all the things that Sam had told him, the things he’d found in his old books. He thinks to himself that [[Longclaw]] had been forged in the fires of old Valyria, forged in dragonflame and set with spells. ''Dragonsteel'', Sam had called it. Stronger than any common steel, lighter, harder, sharper … But he thinks that words in a book were one thing. He knows that the true test comes in battle.

==Wights==
:{{main|wights}}
[[Wights]] are dead men or creatures raised up by the Others, seemingly when touched by the cold that accompanies them. {{Ref|aGoT|52}} They are thralls to the Others. Men who fall in battle against the Others must be burned, or else the dead will rise again as their thralls.

==TV series==
[[File:Other HBO WhiteWalker.jpg|thumb|300px|White Walker as depicted in the [[Game of Thrones|TV series]]]]

While "the Others" appears in early drafts of the pilot episode's script, the term "White Walker" is used exclusively in the final version of the [[Game of Thrones|TV series]]. In the audio commentary for "[[Winter Is Coming]]", producers David Benioff and D.B. Weiss explained that the change was made to avoid confusion that may arise between references to the race known as the Others and "others" meaning other groups or people within the show. Benioff and Weiss explain:

{{Quote|We call them White Walkers in the show, more often known as the Others in the books and the reason for the change is simply that people would refer to 'the Others' and viewers who didn’t know the books would think: "Which others are we talking about? The other whats?"}}

The [[White Walkers]] speak a language called [[Skroth]].

==Quotes==
{{Quote|The Others are as dead as the [[children of the forest]] , gone eight thousand years. Maester [[Luwin]] will tell you they never lived at all. No living man has ever seen one. {{Ref|aGoT|2}}}}
– [[Eddard Stark]] to [[Catelyn Stark]]

{{Quote|The Others are only a story, a tale to make children shiver. If they ever lived at all, they are gone eight thousand years. {{Ref|agot|52}}}} – [[Jon Snow]]

{{Quote|If the Others ever come for us, I pray they have archers, because you lot are fit for nothing more than arrow fodder. {{Ref|aGoT|19}}}}
– [[Alliser Thorne]]

{{quote|The cold gods. The ones in the night. The white shadows.{{ref|ACOK|23}}}} - [[Gilly]] to [[Jon Snow]]

==References and Notes==
{{References|2}}
{{EnWP|Night's Watch|small=yes}}
{{Template:Creatures}}

[[Category:Sentient species]]
[[Category:Beyond the Wall]]

[[es:Otros]]
[[fa:آدرها]]
[[fr:Autres]]
[[pt:Outros]]
[[ru:Иные]]
[[zh:异鬼]]

Others

2014-06-12T04:09:12Z

Urutapu: Well, that implies that the term is never used in the books...

[[File:John_Picacio_the_Others.jpg‎| The Others ‎- © 2012 John Picacio|thumb|350px|right]]

{{Quote|Demons made of snow and ice and cold...The ancient enemy. The only enemy that matters. {{Ref|aSoS|78}}}} – [[Stannis Baratheon]] describing the Others

The '''Others''', also known as '''white walkers''', are a species of humanoid beings that exist in the north [[beyond the Wall]]. At the start of ''[[A Song of Ice and Fire]]'', the Others have supposedly not been seen for eight thousand years.

==History==
: {{See also|The Long Night|Night's Watch}}

According to legend, the Others first appeared approximately 8,000 years before the [[War of Conquest]], during a winter that lasted a generation and a period of darkness known as [[the Long Night]]. Eventually they were defeated, supposedly by the [[Night's Watch]] in the [[Battle for the Dawn]], and [[the Wall]] may have been raised as a defense against them.

The [[Night's King]] appears to have married a white walker, but the Others have not been heard of again since his defeat. They are regarded south of the [[Wall]] as nothing more than fairy tales to frighten the little children. They are often mentioned in curses, such as "The Others take his eyes."{{ref|AGOT|1}}

==Recent Events==
===''A Game of Thrones''===
[[File:Waymar Others.jpg|400px|thumb|[[Waymar Royce]] discovers the Others - by Amok ©]]
During a ranging [[beyond the Wall]], Ser [[Waymar Royce]] is slain by Others. He then rises as a [[wight]] and kills [[Will]].{{ref|AGOT|Prologue}} [[Gared]] is able to escape and flee south of the [[Wall]], but he is executed for desertion by Lord [[Eddard Stark]].{{ref|AGOT|1}}

Lord Commander [[Jeor Mormont]], in conversation with [[Tyrion Lannister]] at [[Castle Black]], refers to white walkers being glimpsed by fisherfolk on the shore near [[Eastwatch-by-the-Sea]], with little concern. He does not say whether they were glimpsed on the shore north of the Wall or the shore south of it. Tyrion, unable to hold his tongue at the mention of white walkers, replies that fisherfolk of [[Lannisport]] often glimpse [[merling]]s.{{Ref|aGoT|21}} The conversation then moves to the movements of the [[wildlings]] which they consider a more pressing concern.

===''A Clash of Kings''===
At [[Craster's Keep]], [[Gilly]] tells [[Jon Snow]] that [[Craster]] gives up his infant sons to the cold gods; Jon determines she is speaking of the Others.{{ref|ACOK|23}}

===''A Storm of Swords''===
The brothers of the [[Night's Watch]] are attacked by [[wights]] in the [[Battle of the Fist of the First Men]].{{ref|ASOS|Prologue}} During the retreat back to Craster's home, [[Samwell Tarly]] kills an Other with a [[dragonglass]] dagger in the [[haunted forest]].{{ref|ASOS|18}} During the [[mutiny at Craster's Keep]], one of Craster's wives warns Sam that Craster's sons will soon arrive for [[monster|Gilly's newborn]].{{ref|ASOS|33}}

==Characteristics==
[[File:White walkers by reneaigner.jpg|thumb|300px|Other or white walker. Art by Rene Aigner©]]
[[File:White_walker_by_arkoniel.jpg|thumb|300px|Others by Mathia Arkoniel©]]
The Others appear in the prologue to ''[[A Game of Thrones]]'' as tall and gaunt with flesh pale as milk and blue eyes, deeper and bluer than human eyes, burning like ice, as bright as blue stars, and as cold. {{ref|aCoK|23}} The white walker who married the [[Night's King]] is similarly described as having skin as pale as the moon and eyes like blue stars. [[Old Nan]] declares them to be cold dead things, hating all life, but in an email to the comic-book artist Tommy Patterson [[George R. R. Martin]] wrote
{{Quote|The Others are not dead. They are strange, beautiful… think, oh… the [[w:Sidhe|Sidhe]] made of ice, something like that… a different sort of life… inhuman, elegant, dangerous. <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=i_SorqUvsOEC&lpg=PT203&ots=5oK3EkTd8Y&pg=PT203#v=onepage&q&f=false A Game of Thrones: The Graphic Novel, Volume 1] </ref>}}
They wear reflective armour that shifts in colour with every step - rather like the stealth armour once said to have been worn by the [[children of the forest]].
According to Patterson,
{{Quote|Had many talks with George. He told me of the ice swords, and the reflective, camouflaging armor that picks up the images of the things around it like a clear, still pond. He spoke a lot about what they were not, but what they were was harder to put into words.}}
The Others appear to be superior swordsmen, wielding thin crystal swords said to be so cold as to shatter any object they touch, including the steel blades favoured by the [[Night's Watch]]. {{Ref|aGoT|Prologue}} The sword of the Other that Samwell Tarly slays gleams with a faint blue glow. When the ice blue blade brushes the flames of [[Grenn]]'s torch a screech as sharp as a needle stabs Sam's ears.
When asked if he knows what substance an Other sword is made from Martin answered,
{{Quote|Ice. But not like regular old ice. The Others can do things with ice that we can't imagine and make substances of it. <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20051103091500/nrctc.edu/fhq/vol1iss3/00103009.htm/ "Interview with the Dragon" Copyright © 2003 Robert Shaw.]</ref>}}

The Others go lightly on the snow and leave no prints to mark their passage. Their movements can be lighting quick. Their [[languages|language]] is unknown, although readers have speculated that it may be the [[Old Tongue]]. When one speaks in the prologue his voice is said to sound like the cracking of ice, but this may simply have been a figure of speech. The [[wildlings]] believe the Others and their wights can smell life, or rather its warmth. [[Old Nan]] used to say that there were [[wildlings]] that would lay with the Others to birth half-human children. {{ref|aGoT|1}}{{ref|aCoK|23}}

The old stories reveal uncertainty whether the Others come when it is cold or that it becomes cold when they appear, during snowstorms or mist and melt away when the skies clear. They hide from the light of the sun and emerge at night; although once again some stories claim that their coming brings the night.

There are tales of Others riding the corpses of dead animals such as bears, direwolves, mammoths, and horses. The Other, called Puddles, that [[Samwell Tarly]] slays is riding [[Mawney]]’s dead horse. Hoarfrost covers it like a sheen of frozen sweat, and a nest of stiff black entrails drag from its open belly. On its back is a rider as pale as ice. The Others can be accompanied by "[[giant ice spiders]]" as big as hounds.{{ref|AFFC|5}}

[[Melisandre]] thinks that Others are servants of the [[Great Other]], allegedly an evil god of darkness, cold, and death who wages eternal war against [[R'hllor]].

As the [[wildlings]] are passing through [[the Wall]] to settle on the [[Gift]], Lord Commander of the Night's Watch [[Jon Snow]] asks [[Tormund Giantsbane]] to tell him of their foe, the Others. He tells him he wants to know all there is to know of the Others.

Tormund is plainly uncomfortable with the mention of the Others; he tells Jon that he does not want to discuss them, not here, not on the northern side of the Wall. He then glances uneasily towards the trees in their snowy white mantles. He says to Jon:
{{Quote|They’re never far, you know. They won’t come out by day, not when that old sun’s shining, but don’t think that means they went away. Shadows never go away. Might be you don’t see them, but they’re always clinging to your heels. {{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}
Jon asks if the Others troubled the wildlings on their way to the Wall.
Tormund informs him that they never came in force, if that’s what Jon is meaning, but they were with them all the same, nibbling at their edges. They lost more outriders than he cares to think about, and it was worth your life to fall behind or wander off. Every nightfall they would ring their camps with fire. Tormund says they don’t like fire much:
{{Quote|When the snows came though…snow and sleet and freezing rain, its bloody hard to find dry wood or get your kindling lit, and the cold…some nights our fires just seemed to shrivel up and die. Nights like that, you always find some dead come the morning. ‘Less they find you first.{{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}
He says to Jon:
{{Quote|A man can fight the dead, but when their masters come, when the white mists rise up … how do you fights a mist crow? Shadows with teeth … air so cold it hurts to breath, like a knife inside your chest … you do not know, you cannot know … can your sword cut cold? {{Ref|ADWD|58}}}}

==Weakness==
[[File:Samwell Dragonglass.jpg|400px|thumb|[[Samwell Tarly]] with an obsidian dagger - by Amok ©]]
The Others have a few known weaknesses that are recorded in ancient texts. One is obsidian, otherwise called [[dragonglass]] or "frozen fire". When [[Samwell Tarly]] accidentally stabs an Other with an obsidian dagger, its flesh and bones melt away leaving only an icy puddle. Ancient texts also record a weakness to "dragonsteel", which several have taken to be [[Valyrian steel]]. [[Mance Rayder]] expresses belief that magic wards in the [[Wall]] prevent the Others from crossing into the Seven Kingdoms.

After listening to [[Tormund]]’s words [[Jon Snow]] remembers all the things that Sam had told him, the things he’d found in his old books. He thinks to himself that [[Longclaw]] had been forged in the fires of old Valyria, forged in dragonflame and set with spells. ''Dragonsteel'', Sam had called it. Stronger than any common steel, lighter, harder, sharper … But he thinks that words in a book were one thing. He knows that the true test comes in battle.

==Wights==
:{{main|wights}}
[[Wights]] are dead men or creatures raised up by the Others, seemingly when touched by the cold that accompanies them. {{Ref|aGoT|52}} They are thralls to the Others. Men who fall in battle against the Others must be burned, or else the dead will rise again as their thralls.

==TV series==
[[File:Other HBO WhiteWalker.jpg|thumb|300px|White Walker as depicted in the [[Game of Thrones|TV series]]]]

While "the Others" appears in early drafts of the pilot episode's script, they are referred to exclusively as White Walkers in the [[Game of Thrones|TV series]]. In the audio commentary for "[[Winter Is Coming]]", producers David Benioff and D.B. Weiss explained that the change was made to avoid confusion that may arise between references to the race known as the Others and "others" meaning other groups or people within the show. Benioff and Weiss explain:

{{Quote|We call them White Walkers in the show, more often known as the Others in the books and the reason for the change is simply that people would refer to 'the Others' and viewers who didn’t know the books would think: "Which others are we talking about? The other whats?"}}

The [[White Walkers]] speak a language called [[Skroth]].

==Quotes==
{{Quote|The Others are as dead as the [[children of the forest]] , gone eight thousand years. Maester [[Luwin]] will tell you they never lived at all. No living man has ever seen one. {{Ref|aGoT|2}}}}
– [[Eddard Stark]] to [[Catelyn Stark]]

{{Quote|The Others are only a story, a tale to make children shiver. If they ever lived at all, they are gone eight thousand years. {{Ref|agot|52}}}} – [[Jon Snow]]

{{Quote|If the Others ever come for us, I pray they have archers, because you lot are fit for nothing more than arrow fodder. {{Ref|aGoT|19}}}}
– [[Alliser Thorne]]

{{quote|The cold gods. The ones in the night. The white shadows.{{ref|ACOK|23}}}} - [[Gilly]] to [[Jon Snow]]

==References and Notes==
{{References|2}}
{{EnWP|Night's Watch|small=yes}}
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[[Category:Sentient species]]
[[Category:Beyond the Wall]]

[[es:Otros]]
[[fa:آدرها]]
[[fr:Autres]]
[[pt:Outros]]
[[ru:Иные]]
[[zh:异鬼]]