House Martell

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House Nymeros Martell of Sunspear
Unbowed, Unbent, Unbroken
Coat of arms A red sun pierced by a golden spear on orange
(Tenné, a sun-in-splendour gules transfixed by a spear or)
Formerly: a golden spear on orange
(Tenné, a spear or)
Seat Old Palace in Sunspear
Head Prince Doran Martell
Region Dorne
Titles
Heir Princess Arianne Martell
Overlord House Baratheon of King's Landing
Founders
Founded Coming of the Andals (House Martell of the Sandship)
~ 700 BC (House Nymeros Martell of Sunspear)

House Nymeros Martell of Sunspear, usually simply called House Martell, is one of the Great Houses of the Seven Kingdoms and the ruling house of Dorne. "Nymeros" indicates "of the line of Nymeria,"[1] referring to the union of the Martells with the Rhoynish warrior queen Nymeria around 700 BC. The Prince of Dorne rules from Sunspear in southeastern Dorne, and the family also watches over the shadow city, the Planky Town, and the Water Gardens.[2][3]

The Martells of old used a spear as their emblem, while Nymeria and her Rhoynar used the sun as theirs. When Nymeria wed Lord Mors Martell, the symbols were combined into a gold spear piercing a red sun on an orange field. Their words are Unbowed, Unbent, Unbroken.[4]

Traits

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King Daeron I Targaryen described those he called salty Dornishmen as being lithe with dark hair and olive skin,[5][6] traits which come from Rhoynish blood.[5][7] Arianne Martell's thick, jet-black hair curls in ringlets,[3][8] and her brother Trystane has straight black hair.[8] Oberyn Martell has lustrous black hair,[6] and that of Quentyn Martell is the brown of new-turned earth.[9] Arianne has dark eyes,[3] Oberyn's are black,[6] and Quentyn's are brown.[10]

The lords of House Martell are renowned for their caution.[11]

History

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Founding

[edit]
The heraldry of House Martell prior to Nymeria

House Martell was founded by Morgan Martell, an Andal adventurer who settled between the mouth of the Greenblood and the Broken Arm during the coming of the Andals to Dorne. Morgan led the defeat of the local First Men, including Houses Wade and Shell, establishing his rule over a strip of land fifty leagues long and ten leagues wide.[11]

The Martells of old resided at the Sandship.[12] They did not rule as kings, but were cautious vassals of kings from Houses Jordayne, Allyrion, and Yronwood, as well as of petty kings of the Greenblood.[11]

Rhoynar

[edit]
Main article: Nymeria's War

At the time of the Rhoynish Wars, the Martells were one of the lesser ruling families of Dorne. At the time of the arrival of the warrior queen Nymeria, around 700 BC, the lands of the Martells were dwarfed by those of House Yronwood.[13] Mors Martell, the Lord of the Sandship, saw an opportunity in the arrival of the Rhoynar, and took Nymeria to wife. Combining their strength, the two managed to unite all of Dorne, including the powerful Yronwoods, under their rule in Nymeria's War.[14][2]

The union of their peoples saw the Martells abandon many of their older Andal customs in favor of those of the Rhoynar. Nymeria named Mors Prince of Dorne instead of king, and their lands and title passed down to their eldest child, their daughter, regardless of Nymeria marrying again after Mors's death during the war and her giving birth to a male child. "Nymeros", indicating "of the line of of Nymeria", became part of the family name.[1]

Towers in the Rhoynish fashion were built near the Sandship, and the expanded castle complex became known as Sunspear. The Spear Tower and the Tower of the Sun, both part of Sunspear's Old Palace, are examples of Rhoynish architecture.[12]

Wars of Conquest

[edit]
Main articles: Aegon's Conquest and First Dornish War
Meria Martell, by Thomas Denmark for The Rise of the Dragon

During Aegon's Conquest, Queen Rhaenys Targaryen confronted the aged Princess of Dorne, Meria Martell, at Sunspear. When Meria refused to submit to the Targaryens, Rhaenys departed Dorne.[15]

The Targaryens returned in 4 AC, starting the First Dornish War. When their forces arrived at Sunspear, Meria had vanished. King Aegon I and Queen Rhaenys declared themselves victorious and left Lord Jon Rosby as Castellan of Sunspear and Warden of the Sands as they returned to King's Landing. However, the Dornishmen quickly came out of hiding, retaking Sunspear. Lord Rosby was captured, and thrown from a window atop the Spear Tower by Meria herself through the Defenestration of Sunspear.[16]

In later phases of the war, the Targaryens burned every Dornish stronghold at least once, with the exception of Sunspear and its shadow city. According to the Dornishmen, the Targaryens were did not dare to attack Sunspear as they feared that Princess Meria might have purchased a device from Lys to slay their dragons. In his Conjectures, Archmaester Timotty suggests that Aegon hoped to turn the Dornish against the Martells by leaving them the only ones unharmed, and letters have been discovered in which marcher lords claimed to the Dornish that the Martells had bought their safety. However, the tactics did not work.[16]

The First Dornish War came to an end in 13 AC after nine years of warfare. When the elderly Princess Meria died, her son Nymor assumed rule over Dorne. Desiring peace, he sent his daughter Deria to King's Landing with an escort as an peace envoy. She brought with her the skull of Rhaenys's dragon, Meraxes, and a letter from Prince Nymor. Although at first determined to refuse the peace offer, Aegon agreed to it after reading Nymor's letter.[16]

During the remainder of King Aegon I's reign, the Martells and Targaryens remained on good terms. In 23 AC, King Aegon I and his son Aenys visited Sunspear for a "feast of friendship" celebrating the tenth anniversary of the peace accord with Deria, now the Princess of Dorne.[17]

Further Warfare

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In 37 AC, a Vulture King troubled the lands surrounding the borderland between Dorne, the Reach, and the stormlands in what became known as the Second Dornish War. Princess Deria insisted to King Aenys I Targaryen that she was doing what she could to end the rebellion, though many suspected that she was secretly giving the Vulture King her support.[18][17]

House Martell kept their forces out of the so-called Third Dornish War in 61 AC, during which King Jaehaerys I Targaryen fought against a new Vulture King.[19]

Prince Morion Martell led Dorne into the disastrous Fourth Dornish War in 83 AC. Spies informed Jaehaerys of Morion's plan to invade the stormlands, and House Targaryen subsequently burned the Dornish fleet as it crossed the Sea of Dorne.[19]

Alyn Velaryon and Aliandra Martell, by Martina Fačková for The Rise of the Dragon

In 110 AC Prince Qoren Martell gave his support to the Triarchy in the war against Prince Daemon Targaryen and Lord Corlys Velaryon in the Stepstones.[16][20] Daemon's brother, King Viserys I Targaryen, spoke of wedding his daughter Rhaenyra to the Prince of Dorne as a way of finally uniting the Seven Kingdoms, though ultimately this did not occur.[20]

During the Dance of the Dragons, Prince Qoren was contacted by Ser Otto Hightower, Hand of the King for Aegon II Targaryen, but refused the alliance, claiming he would "sooner sleep with scorpions".[16] In 132 AC, the small council of King Aegon III Targaryen considered a younger brother of Princess Aliandra as a potential husband to Lady Baela Targaryen, but ultimately decided on another match.[21]

Aliandra befriended Lord Alyn Velaryon when the Oakenfist sailed west to confront Lord Dalton Greyjoy, the Red Kraken, in 133 AC. When Alyn stopped at Sunspear during his return to the narrow sea, Aliandra informed him of Dorne's participation in the Daughters' War and Drazenko Rogare told him about Viserys Targaryen's presence in Lys.[22]

Conquest of Dorne

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Main article: Conquest of Dorne

King Daeron I Targaryen, the Young Dragon, led the conquest of Dorne in 158 AC, with the Prince of Dorne bending the knee in the Submission of Sunspear. The Dornish eventually rebelled, leading to further years of war.

Rebellion continued until Daeron's death in 161 AC, when the Young Dragon was killed while meeting under a peace banner.[23] Daeron's younger brother, King Baelor I Targaryen, travelled barefoot to Sunspear and agreed to a peace with House Martell. This included a betrothal between Myriah Martell and Baelor's young cousin, Prince Daeron Targaryen.[24]

Joining the Iron Throne

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Myriah Martell's brother, Maron, was King Daeron II Targaryen's most important supporter,[25] and upon Daeron's ascension, agreed to join Dorne under Targaryen rule. This became official in 187 AC, when Maron married Daeron's sister, Princess Daenerys Targaryen.[26][27] After Maron knelt to Daeron at the Red Keep, they placed a golden wreath at the statue of Baelor the Blessed before the Great Sept.[28]

The increased Dornish influence at court caused many of Daeron II's other lords to grow dissatisfied with the concessions Maron had won during the negotiations. These complaints, among others, were reasons causing several lords to oppose Daeron's rule during the First Blackfyre Rebellion.[28] House Yronwood supported House Blackfyre against the Targaryens in three rebellions of the Blackfyre Pretenders.[29]

The Martells closed their borders to prevent the spread of the Great Spring Sickness.[30]

Elia and Oberyn

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Elia Martell by Bella Bergolts ©

In 273 AC, the Princess of Dorne took her younger children Oberyn and Elia to meet potential suitors. Their final destination was Casterly Rock, and despite learning of Lady Joanna Lannister's death while at Oldtown, they continued their journey. Oberyn believes that his mother had planned with Joanna to marry either Elia or Oberyn to one of Joanna's twins, Jaime and Cersei, since there was an empty cabin on their ship meant for someone of high birth. Lord Tywin Lannister ignored them for weeks. When the Princess of Dorne eventually broached the subject of marriage to him, both matches were brusquely refused. He claimed Cersei was meant to marry Prince Rhaegar Targaryen, and suggested the new-born dwarf Tyrion for Elia instead, which was taken as an insult.[31][6][32]

Shortly thereafter, at the age of sixteen, Oberyn was caught abed with Lord Edgar Yronwood's paramour. To settle the situation, the two fought a duel in which both took wounds. Edgar's wounds festered and killed him, causing rumors Oberyn's blade in the duel had been poisoned.[6] To make peace between the two houses, Oberyn was temporarily exiled.[13]

Robert's Rebellion

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Main article: Robert's Rebellion

In 279 AC, Elia was betrothed to Rhaegar Targaryen, Prince of Dragonstone, whom she married the next year.[33] When Rhaegar won the tourney at Harrenhal in 281 AC, he passed over Elia to name Lyanna Stark the queen of love and beauty.[34]

A year later, Rhaegar apparently abducted Lyanna, sparking Robert's Rebellion.[35] Prince Doran Martell, furious at Elia's mistreatment, was slow to lend aid to the Targaryens during the war, but eventually sent ten thousand men to fight for the throne at the Battle of the Trident.[36] One of the casualties at the battle was Prince Lewyn Martell of the Kingsguard. A fortnight later, Princess Elia and her two young children were murdered by two Lannister knights, Ser Gregor Clegane and Ser Amory Lorch,[37] during the Sack of King's Landing.[38][31]

Recent History

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House Martell banner, by Tim Durning © Fantasy Flight Games

In the year following the end of Robert's Rebellion, Prince Oberyn Martell attempted to raise Dorne for the exiled Prince Viserys Targaryen, but the diplomacy between Doran Martell, Prince of Dorne, and Lord Jon Arryn, Hand of the King for Robert I Baratheon, prevented further conflict.[6]

In secret, however, Doran and Oberyn worked on bringing an end to the reign of King Robert and destroying House Lannister.[39] A secret marriage pact was signed in Braavos, exchanging Dornish support for Viserys with a marriage between him and Doran's heir.[10] However, Doran kept his plots a secret from his daughter and heir, Princess Arianne Martell.[39]

The feud between the Martells and House Tyrell was revitalized when Oberyn accidentally crippled Willas Tyrell, the heir of Lord Mace Tyrell, in a tourney.[6]

Prince Doran eventually became afflicted with gout, and he moved from Sunspear to the Water Gardens in 298 AC. Two years later, Doran's gout has become far worse, and, no longer able to walk, he is usually confined to a wheelchair.[3] Arianne's younger brother, Prince Quentyn Martell, lives at Yronwood, serving Lord Ormond Yronwood as a page and squire.[40]

Recent Events

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A Game of Thrones

[edit]

Doran Martell, the Prince of Dorne, and his sons are named by King Joffrey Baratheon among the nobles who must swear fealty to him or be adjudged traitors.[41] At the war council at Riverrun when Robb Stark is named King in the North, Ser Marq Piper suggests the Martells will likely declare for King Renly Baratheon.[42]

A Clash of Kings

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Oberyn Martell by Henning Ludvigsen © Fantasy Flight Games

At the outset of the War of the Five Kings, House Martell stays neutral in the conflict, though it is commonly thought that they will support Renly Baratheon's claim.[43] Renly himself assumes this as well.[44]

Tyrion Lannister serves as acting Hand of the King for his father, Lord Tywin Lannister. In return for Doran's loyalty to the Iron Throne and the support of Dorne in the war, Tyrion offers a betrothal between Princess Myrcella Baratheon and Doran's youngest son, Prince Trystane, justice for Doran's murdered sister Elia and her children, and a seat on the small council of King Joffrey I Baratheon, as well as some castles on the Dornish Marches.[45] Doran accepts the terms,[46] and by the time Myrcella leaves King's Landing to begin the journey to Sunspear, the Prince of Dorne has called his banners.[47]

Once Myrcella arrives in Braavos, Doran sends his armies to the high passes of the Red Mountains.[48] However, he will not send out his armies to give battle unless Dorne is endangered.[47]

A Storm of Swords

[edit]

Because his health does not permit him to travel, Doran sends his younger brother, Prince Oberyn Martell, to King's Landing to claim the small council seat he had been promised, obtain justice for his sister Elia's murderer, and to attend King Joffrey's wedding to Margaery Tyrell.[6] However, Tywin Lannister, having assumed his position as Hand of the King, plans on lying to Oberyn by claiming that the now-deceased Ser Amory Lorch was not only responsible for the death of Elia's daughter Rhaenys, but also for the deaths of Elia and her infant son Aegon, claiming the Martells only have rumors to blame Ser Gregor Clegane for the latter crimes.[37]

Oberyn attends Joffrey's wedding feast, during which the king chokes to death. After Tyrion Lannister is accused of murdering Joffrey, Oberyn acts as one of the judges in Tyrion's trial. When it becomes clear that Tyrion's only chance of surviving is a trial by combat, Oberyn offers to be Tyrion's champion, knowing that Gregor will be the throne's champion, on the condition that Tyrion admits who is truly guilty of the murder of Elia. Tyrion takes Oberyn up on his offer. Though he denies any involvement of his father Tywin, Tyrion tells Oberyn that Amory killed Rhaenys and that Gregor killed Elia and Aegon.[49]

Oberyn battles Gregor, wounding him with a poisoned spear. Rather than killing Gregor, Oberyn insists that Gregor confess to Elia's murder. Gregor trips Oberyn and smashes his armored fist into Oberyn's face, dashing out the prince's brains after first destroying his teeth and knocking out his eyes. Before killing Oberyn, however, Gregor roars his guilt in killing Elia and Aegon for all to hear.[31]

A Feast for Crows

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Arianne Martell argues with Doran Martell, by Borja Pindado © Fantasy Flight Games

Obara, Nymeria, and Tyene Sand—the eldest of the Sand Snakes—seek vengeance for their slain father, but Prince Doran Martell refuses every suggestion of going to war to avenge Oberyn, stating that his brother's death was no murder by law. He goes as far as to arrest seven of Oberyn's eight bastard daughters to prevent them from plotting against him, or being used in the plots of others; Sarella Sand, however, is away from Dorne.[3] Meanwhile, Oberyn achieves posthumous vengeance when Ser Gregor Clegane dies a slow, painful death from poison in King's Landing.[50]

Doran's daughter, Princess Arianne Martell, seduces Ser Arys Oakheart, the protector of Princess Myrcella Baratheon. Arianne has become convinced that her father favors her younger brother, Prince Quentyn Martell, and plans to pass her over in the succession. Arianne schemes to crown Myrcella as Queen of the Andals, the Rhoynar, and the First Men in place of King Tommen I Baratheon based on Dornish law, in which an older sister inherit ahead of a younger brother.[8][40]

Arianne has Myrcella smuggled out of Sunspear, and plans to bring her to Hellholt to crown the young girl.[40] Doran has his guard foil the plan, however. According to Areo Hotah, Doran's captain of guard, someone betrayed Arianne's plans.[40][39] In the chaos during the arrest, Areo slays Arys and Ser Gerold Dayne, one of Arianne's co-conspirators, disfigures Myrcella.[40][39]

Doran arrests his daughter, confining Arianne to several weeks of solitude in the Spear Tower. When Doran confronts her about her betrayal, he reveals that he had been working to restore House Targaryen and rob Lord Tywin Lannister of all he held dear before killing him ever since he learned about Elia's death. With Viserys Targaryen dead, Doran now wants to ally House Martell with Queen Daenerys Targaryen, and he has sent Quentyn to Essos to escort her to Westeros.[39]

A Dance with Dragons

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Doran Martell welcomes Ser Balon Swann of the Kingsguard to Sunspear. He now works together with his daughter Arianne, who had convinced Myrcella to lie about the origins of her injuries and the manner of Ser Arys Oakheart's death. During a feast, Balon presents the Martells with the skull of Gregor Clegane and invites Doran to fill the vacant Dornish seat on the small council on Queen Regent Cersei Lannister's behest. Additionally, Doran's youngest son Trystane is invited to accompany Myrcella to King's Landing when she visits her brother, King Tommen I Baratheon.[51]

Tyene, Obara, and Nymeria Sand, by Drazenka Kimpel © Fantasy Flight Games

Following the feast, Doran reveals in private to Obara, Nymeria, and Tyene Sand that the royal invitation is an ambush, in which Trystane would be killed. To stop this scheme from coming to fruition, Doran plans to take Balon to Myrcella at the Water Gardens, where she will ask him to hunt down Gerold Dayne to avenge her injuries and the death of Arys.[51] Obara is to accompany Balon on his hunt,[51] while Nymeria and Tyene are to travel to King's Landing. While Nymeria is to accompany Myrcella and claim Doran's small council seat, Tyene is to travel to the capital in secret and befriend the new High Septon at the Great Sept of Baelor.[51]

Quentyn arrives in Meereen[52] following a long and dangerous journey.[9][53] He presents Queen Daenerys Targaryen with the secret marriage pact, offering himself in marriage. However, Daenerys refuses him, having already promised to wed Hizdahr zo Loraq.[10] Quentyn remains in Meereen, during which time he is shown two of Daenerys's three dragons by the queen.[54]

After Daenerys disappears from Daznak's Pit upon the back of the dragon Drogon, Quentyn, refusing to return home empty-handed, plans to prove his worth by taming at least one of the two remaining dragons, trusting in his Targaryen ancestry. He hires the Windblown, a sellsword company, for this purpose.[55] They secretly enter the pit where the dragons are kept, where Quentyn makes his attempt. When the dragon Rhaegal attacks him from behind, however, Quentyn is bathed in dragonfire.[56] He dies three days later.[57]

The Winds of Winter

[edit]
 Warning
This information has thus far been released in a sample chapter for The Winds of Winter, and might therefore not be in finalized form. Keep in mind that the content as described below is still subject to change.

Prince Doran receives a letter from Lord Jon Connington claiming the survival of his sister Elia's son, Aegon Targaryen. Doran sends Arianne to discover the truth about Aegon and Jon. She travels with several companions to Ghost Hill and takes ship to the stormlands.[13]

Arianne and company travel through the rainwood to Mistwood and then Griffin's Roost. Arianne learns that the Golden Company, Jon, and Aegon have taken Storm's End, and she decides to sail to meet them there.[58]

House Martell at the end of the third century

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With unspecified familiar relationship to the main branch there is also:

  • Ser Manfrey Martell, castellan of Sunspear. He is a cousin of Doran Martell;[8] it is not stated of which degree.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Princess
of Dorne
 
Prince
Consort
 
 
 
 
 
Lewyn
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Doran
 
Mellario
of Norvos
 
Mors
 
Olyvar
 
Elia
 
Rhaegar
Targaryen
 
 
 
 
Various
women
 
Oberyn
 
Ellaria
Sand
 
 
Manfrey
 
Unknown
wife
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Arianne
 
Quentyn
 
Trystane
 
 
 
 
 
Rhaenys
Targaryen
 
Aegon
Targaryen
 
Obara
Sand
 
 
Tyene
Sand
 
 
Elia
Sand
 
 
Dorea
Sand
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nymeria
Sand
 
Sarella
Sand
 
Obella
Sand
 
Loreza
Sand
 


Household

[edit]

Prince Oberyn's retinue to King's Landing

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Princess Arianne's retinue

[edit]

Prince Quentyn's retinue

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Historical members

[edit]

Sworn Houses

[edit]

Quotes

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Meria: I will not fight you, nor will I kneel to you. Dorne has no king. Tell your brother that.
Rhaenys: I will, but we will come again, Princess, and the next time we shall come with fire and blood.
Meria: Your words. Ours are Unbowed, Unbent, Unbroken. You may burn us, my lady ... but you will not bend us, break us, or make us bow. This is Dorne. You are not wanted here. Return at your peril.[60]

—Meria Martell and Rhaenys Targaryen

Bronn: A red sun on orange, with a spear through its back.
Podrick: Martell. House Martell of Sunspear, my lord.
Tyrion: My horse would have known that one.[6]

—Bronn, Podrick Payne, and Tyrion Lannister

In Dorne of old before we married Daeron, it was said that all flowers bow before the sun. Should the roses seek to hinder me I'll gladly trample them underfoot.[6]

—Oberyn Martell to Tyrion Lannister

"The arms of House Martell display the sun and spear, the Dornishman's two favored weapons," the Young Dragon had once written in his boastful Conquest of Dorne, "but of the two, the sun is the more deadly."[40]

—thoughts of Arianne Martell

House Martell is ancient and noble, and has been a leal friend to House Targaryen for more than a century, Your Grace.[54]

—Barristan Selmy to Daenerys Targaryen

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 So Spake Martin: Concerning Dorne, October 28, 2001
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 The World of Ice & Fire, Dorne: The Coming of the Rhoynar.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 A Feast for Crows, Chapter 2, The Captain Of Guards.
  4. ↑ A Clash of Kings, Appendix.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 The World of Ice & Fire, Dorne.
  6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 A Storm of Swords, Chapter 38, Tyrion V.
  7. ↑ The World of Ice & Fire, The Free Citie: The Quarrelsome Daughters: Myr, Lys, and Tyrosh.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 A Feast for Crows, Chapter 13, The Soiled Knight.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 6, The Merchant's Man.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 43, Daenerys VII.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 The World of Ice & Fire, Dorne: The Andals Arrive.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 The World of Ice & Fire, Dorne: Sunspear.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 The Winds of Winter, Arianne I
  14. ↑ The World of Ice & Fire, Ancient History: Ten Thousand Ships.
  15. ↑ The World of Ice & Fire, The Reign of the Dragons: The Conquest.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 The World of Ice & Fire, Dorne: Dorne Against the Dragons.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Fire & Blood, The Sons of the Dragon.
  18. ↑ The World of Ice & Fire, The Targaryen Kings: Aenys I.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Fire & Blood, The Long Reign - Jaehaerys and Alysanne: Policy, Progeny, and Pain.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 Fire & Blood, Heirs of the Dragon - A Question of Succession.
  21. ↑ Fire & Blood, Under the Regents - The Hooded Hand.
  22. ↑ Fire & Blood, Under the Regents - The Voyage of Alyn Oakenfist.
  23. ↑ The World of Ice & Fire, The Targaryen Kings: Daeron I.
  24. ↑ The World of Ice & Fire, The Targaryen Kings: Baelor I.
  25. ↑ The World of Ice & Fire, The Targaryen Kings: Aegon IV.
  26. ↑ A Game of Thrones, Appendix.
  27. ↑ So Spake Martin: Targaryen History, April 20, 2008
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 The World of Ice & Fire, The Targaryen Kings: Daeron II.
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 The World of Ice & Fire, Dorne: Queer Customs of the South.
  30. ↑ The Sworn Sword.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 A Storm of Swords, Chapter 70, Tyrion X.
  32. ↑ A Storm of Swords, Chapter 19, Tyrion III.
  33. ↑ The World of Ice & Fire, The Targaryen Kings: Aerys II.
  34. ↑ A Game of Thrones, Chapter 58, Eddard XV.
  35. ↑ The World of Ice & Fire, The Fall of the Dragons: The Year of the False Spring.
  36. ↑ A Storm of Swords, Chapter 37, Jaime V.
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 A Storm of Swords, Chapter 53, Tyrion VI.
  38. ↑ A Game of Thrones, Chapter 3, Daenerys I.
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 39.2 39.3 39.4 A Feast for Crows, Chapter 40, Princess In The Tower.
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.4 40.5 A Feast for Crows, Chapter 21, The Queenmaker.
  41. ↑ A Game of Thrones, Chapter 57, Sansa V.
  42. ↑ A Game of Thrones, Chapter 71, Catelyn XI.
  43. ↑ A Clash of Kings, Chapter 17, Tyrion IV.
  44. ↑ A Clash of Kings, Chapter 22, Catelyn II.
  45. ↑ A Clash of Kings, Chapter 20, Tyrion V.
  46. ↑ A Clash of Kings, Chapter 25, Tyrion VI.
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 A Clash of Kings, Chapter 41, Tyrion IX.
  48. ↑ A Clash of Kings, Chapter 42, Davos II.
  49. ↑ A Storm of Swords, Chapter 66, Tyrion IX.
  50. ↑ A Feast for Crows, Chapter 17, Cersei IV.
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 51.2 51.3 A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 38, The Watcher.
  52. ↑ A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 36, Daenerys VI.
  53. ↑ A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 25, The Windblown.
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 50, Daenerys VIII.
  55. ↑ A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 60, The Spurned Suitor.
  56. ↑ A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 68, The Dragontamer.
  57. ↑ A Dance with Dragons, Chapter 70, The Queen's Hand.
  58. ↑ The Winds of Winter, Arianne II
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 Fire & Blood, The Year of the Three Brides - 49 AC.
  60. ↑ Fire & Blood, Aegon's Conquest.
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